Search results for "senescence."

Consensus nomenclature for CD8(+) T cell phenotypes in cancer

2015

International audience; Whereas preclinical investigations and clinical studies have established that CD8+ T cells can profoundly affect cancer progression, the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. Challenging the prevalent view that the beneficial effect of CD8+ T cells in cancer is solely attributable to their cytotoxic activity, several reports have indicated that the ability of CD8+ T cells to promote tumor regression is dependent on their cytokine secretion profile and their ability to self-renew. Evidence has also shown that the tumor microenvironment can disarm CD8+ T cell immunity, leading to the emergence of dysfunctional CD8+ T cells. The existence of different types of CD8+ T…

Role of p16ink4a and bmi-1 in oxidative stress-induced premature senescence in human dental pulp stem cells

2017

Las células madre son aquellas células que se dividen asimétricamente para producir una copia de sí mismas y una segunda célula que seguirá su camino hasta convertirse en una célula diferenciada y especializada. Así pues, las células madre que podemos encontrar en el organismo adulto comparten al menos dos características. En primer lugar, se pueden hacer copias idénticas de sí mismas durante largos períodos de tiempo; esta capacidad de proliferar se refiere como auto-renovación a largo plazo. Segundo, pueden dar lugar a tipos celulares maduros que tienen morfologías características y funciones especializadas. Las células madre mesenquimales humanas (CMM) tienen pues un potencial terapéutic…

Fitness in male black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) : effects of life histories and sexual selection on male lifetime mating success

2013

The hypothetical ancestral animal the Urmetazoa: Telomerase activity in sponges [Porifera]

2003

Sponges (Porifera) represent the lowest metazoan phylum, characterized by a pronounced plasticity in the determination of cell lineages, and they are the closest related taxon to the hypothetical ancestral animal, the Urmetazoa, from which the metazoan lineages diverged. In a first approach to elucidate the molecular mechanisms controlling the switch from the cell lineage with a putative indefinite growth capacity to senescent, somatic cells, the activity of the telomerase as an indicator for immortality has been determined. The studies were performed with the marine demosponges Suberites domuncula and Geodia cydonium, in vivo with tissue but also in vitro using the primmorph system. Primmo…

Atmospheric brightening counteracts warming‐induced delays in autumn phenology of temperate trees in Europe

2021

Aim: Ongoing climate warming has been widely reported to delay autumn phenology, which in turn impacts carbon, water, energy and nutrient balances at regional and global scales. However, the underlying mechanisms of autumn phenology responses to climate change have not been fully elucidated. The aims of this study were to determine whether brightening that was defined as the increase of surface solar radiation and warming during recent decades affect autumn phenology in opposite directions and explore the underlying mechanisms. Location: Central Europe. Time period: 1950–2016. Major taxa studied: Four dominant European tree species in central Europe: Aesculus hippocastanum, Betula pendula, …