Search results for "sharing"
showing 10 items of 388 documents
Blockchain-Based Decentralized Business Models in the Sharing Economy: A Technology Adoption Perspective
2018
Recently, blockchain technology has increasingly been deemed to enable novel “decentralized” business models for the sharing economy and thereby potentially provide an alternative to extant “centralized” sharing economy business models. Using a technology adoption perspective, our chapter explores under which circumstances such blockchain-based decentralized sharing economy business models may be widely adopted. Building on extant research, we theorize on the factors that are relevant for adoption from the individual users’ perspective. We then derive eight potential adoption scenarios of blockchain-based decentralized sharing economy business models and explore adoption using an agent-base…
Sustainable Business Models - The Case of Car Sharing
2014
Replacing actual ownership of a commodity with a service that allows for temporary customer use of the commodity has been shown to be a good way to make industries more sustainable while retaining or even improving customer experience. However these kinds of services are often unsuccessful, because breaking the existing regimes requires systemic change involving enabling technologies, favourable governmental regulation, a successful market adoption strategy and a profitable business model. This study examines sustainable business models using the case of car sharing services. Using public sources a descriptive study is conducted on the business models of leading car sharing services in Euro…
Car sharing demand estimation and urban transport demand modelling using stated preference techniques
2008
The research deals with the use of the stated preference technique (SP) and transport demand modelling to analyse travel mode choice behaviour for commuting urban trips in Palermo, Italy. The principal aim of the study was the calibration of a demand model to forecast the modal split of the urban transport demand, allowing for the possibility of using innovative transport systems like car sharing and car pooling. In order to estimate the demand model parameters, a specific survey was carried out inside the urban area of Palermo. The survey focused on the morning rush hour and involved mainly employees, self-employed workers and students (about 500 respondents) whose final destination was lo…
Discrimination in the sharing economy: evidence from a Hungarian field experiment
2018
Findings from our pilot research project which focused on providing car sharing services to young people with different ethnic/racial background showed discrimination against certain ethnic groups. The research was based on a controlled field experimental design to examine the chances of rides being offered to racially different testers. The experimental variables were both race and gender. Creating altogether 8 profiles enabled us to test the interaction between these two experimental stimulus. The small-scale research (total N=160) was implemented in Hungary, in summer 2017 by interns of TARKI, Hungarian Social Research Centre. The forthcoming article shows evidence of ethnic/racial dispr…
An Analytic Hierarchy Process for The Evaluation of Transport Policies to Reduce Climate Change Impacts
2007
Transport is the sector with the fastest growth of greenhouse gases emissions, both in developed and in developing countries, leading to adverse climate change impacts. As the experts disagree on the occurrence of these impacts, by applying the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), we have faced the question on how to form transport policies when the experts have different opinions and beliefs. The opinions of experts have been investigated by a means of a survey questionnaire. The results show that tax schemes aiming at promoting environmental-friendly transport mode are the best policy. This incentives public and environmental-friendly transport modes, such as car sharing and car pooling.
Incomplete Charge Collection at Inter-Pixel Gap in Low- and High-Flux Cadmium Zinc Telluride Pixel Detectors.
2022
The success of cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors in room-temperature spectroscopic X-ray imaging is now widely accepted. The most common CZT detectors are characterized by enhanced-charge transport properties of electrons, with mobility-lifetime products μeτe > 10−2 cm2/V and μhτh > 10−5 cm2/V. These materials, typically termed low-flux LF-CZT, are successfully used for thick electron-sensing detectors and in low-flux conditions. Recently, new CZT materials with hole mobility-lifetime product enhancements (μhτh > 10−4 cm2/V and μeτe > 10−3 cm2/V) have been fabricated for high-flux measurements (high-flux HF-CZT detectors).…
New ECCO model documents for Material Deposit and Transfer Agreements in compliance with the Nagoya Protocol
2020
The European Culture Collections Organisation presents two new model documents for Material Deposit Agreement (MDA) and Material Transfer Agreement (MTA) designed to enable microbial culture collection leaders to draft appropriate agreement documents for, respectively, deposit and supply of materials from a public collection. These tools provide guidance to collections seeking to draft an MDA and MTA, and are available in open access to be used, modified, and shared. The MDA model consists of a set of core fields typically included in a deposit form to collect relevant information to facilitate assessment of the status of the material under access and benefit sharing (ABS) legislation. It a…
Open availability of articles and raw research data in spanish pediatrics journals
2015
[EN]: Introduction: The open Access to publications and the raw data allows its re-use and enhances the advancement of science. The aim of this paper is to identify these practices in Spanish pediatrics journals. Method: We reviewed the author's instructions in 13 Spanish pediatrics journals, identifyingtheir open access and deposit policy. Results: Eight journals allow open access without restriction, and 5 provide information on theability to re-use and depositing data in repositories or websites. Conclusions: Most of the journals have open access, but do not promote the deposit of additionalmaterial or articles in repositories or websites.
Competitive Risks in the Sharing Economy and the European Union Market Regulation
2016
The massive reduction of costs due to efficient platform brokerage has allowed the “collaborative commons” to expand and evolve, and also to create new and very efficient markets: the so-called “sharing economy”. However, bigger and more efficient sharing platforms also have some drawbacks, such as the concern that these powerful digital brokers could harm fair competition. Nevertheless, economic models seem to support the idea that digital platforms have rarely inhibited the emergence of competitors, nor do they seem to be extracting predatory benefits by abusing their position to the detriment of consumers. This relative lack of risk has pushed competition authorities across Europe to pro…
A measurement-based study on the correlations of inter-domain Internet application flows
2014
Internet traffic characterization has a profound impact on network engineering and traffic identification. Existing studies are often carried out on a per-flow basis, focusing on the properties of individual flows. In this paper, we study the interaction of Internet traffic flows and network features from a complex network perspective, focusing on six types of applications: P2P file sharing, P2P stream, HTTP, instant messaging, online games and abnormal traffic. With large-volume traffic flow records collected through proprietary line-speed hardware-based monitors, we construct flow graphs of these different application types. Based on the flow graphs, we calculate the correlation coefficie…