Search results for "sickness"
showing 10 items of 115 documents
Axis Rotation and Visually Induced Motion Sickness: The Role of Combined Roll, Pitch, and Yaw Motion
2011
A well-known phenomenon in aviation and in virtual environments such as simulators or computer games is motion sickness (MS). The amount of sensory conflict is thought to be responsible for the severity of MS, which should increase with the complexity of the simulated motion. The focus of the present study is on the direction and complexity of simulated body rotations in the genesis and severity of visually induced MS. The methods utilized for this study are as follows: Three simulated rollercoaster rides including translational movement in the fore-aft axis and additional rotational motion either in pitch only, along the pitch and roll axes, or in pitch, roll, and yaw were generated. The a…
Exercise intolerance at high altitude (5050 m): critical power and W'.
2011
Abstract The relationship between work rate (WR) and its tolerable duration (tLIM) has not been investigated at high altitude (HA). At HA (5050 m) and at sea level (SL), six subjects therefore performed symptom-limited cycle-ergometry: an incremental test (IET) and three constant-WR tests (% of IET WRmax, HA and SL respectively: WR1 70 ± 8%, 74 ± 7%; WR2 86 ± 14%, 88 ± 10%; WR3 105 ± 13%, 104 ± 9%). The power asymptote (CP) and curvature constant (W′) of the hyperbolic WR–tLIM relationship were reduced at HA compared to SL (CP: 81 ± 21 vs. 123 ± 38 W; W′: 7.2 ± 2.9 vs. 13.1 ± 4.3 kJ). HA breathing reserve (estimated maximum voluntary ventilation minus end-exercise ventilation) was also comp…
Predicting hypoxia in cystic fibrosis patients during exposure to high altitudes
2006
Abstract Background For patients with cystic fibrosis (CF)-related partial respiratory insufficiency and reduced arterial oxygen tension at ground level, the mild hypobaric environment on commercial jet aircraft poses the risk of severe hypoxemia. Thus, physicians should be able to estimate the extent of in-flight hypoxia. Objectives To derive tools for estimating the expected drop in arterial oxygen partial pressure (paO 2 ) and oxygen saturation (saO 2 ) in young adult CF patients with mild to moderate airway obstruction during exposure to the hypobaric conditions aboard commercial aircraft and to test the predictive power of a hypobaric chamber simulation. Methods Blood gases of 12 CF pa…
Construction of quality of life change patterns: example in oncology in a phase III therapeutic trial (FFCD 0307)
2015
Objective Quality of life data in cancerology are often difficult to summarize due to missing data and difficulty to analyze the pattern of evolution in different groups of patients. The aim of this work was to apply a new methodology to construct Quality of Life (QoL) change patterns within patients included in a clinical trial comparing to regimen of treatment in locally advanced eosogastric cancer. Materials and methods In this trial, QoL was assessed every 2 months by self-reported EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire. Physical dimension scores were analyzed. After multiple imputation of missing data, 27 statistical measures aiming to describe the variation of QoL measures among follow-up were c…
Integration of sensory information precedes the sensation of vection: a combined behavioral and event-related brain potential (ERP) study.
2014
Illusory self-motion (known as vection) describes the sensation of ego-motion in the absence of physical movement. Vection typically occurs in stationary observers being exposed to visual information that suggest self-motion (e.g. simulators, virtual reality). In the present study, we tested whether sensory integration of visual information triggers vection: participants (N=13) perceived patterns of moving altered black-and-white vertical stripes on a screen that was divided into a central and a surrounding peripheral visual field. In both fields the pattern was either moving or stationary, resulting in four combinations of central and peripheral motions: (1) central and peripheral stripes …
Real-life impact of early interferon beta therapy in relapsing multiple sclerosis.
2009
OBJECTIVE: Recent findings support greater efficacy of early vs. delayed interferon beta (IFNbeta) treatment in patients with a first clinical event suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of early IFNbeta treatment in definite relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) and to assess the optimal time to initiate IFNbeta treatment with regard to the greatest benefits on disability progression. METHODS: A cohort of 2,570 IFNbeta-treated RRMS patients was prospectively followed for up to 7 years in 15 Italian MS Centers. A Cox proportional hazards regression model adjusted for propensity score (PS) quintiles was used to assess differences between groups of patients wit…
Effects of Visually Induced Motion Sickness on Emergency Braking Reaction Times in a Driving Simulator
2019
Objective: The study explores associations of visually induced motion sickness (VIMS) with emergency braking reaction times (RTs) in driving simulator studies. It examines the effects over the progression of multiple simulated drives. Background: Driving simulator usage has many advantages for RT studies; however, if it induces VIMS, the observed driving behavior might deviate from real-world driving, potentially masking or skewing results. Possible effects of VIMS on RT have long been entertained, but the progression of VIMS across simulated drives has so far not been sufficiently considered. Method: Twenty-eight adults completed six drives on 2 days in a fixed-base driving simulator. At f…
Combined effects of shiftwork and individual working time control on long-term sickness absence: a prospective study of finnish employees
2014
Objective To investigate whether the effects of shiftwork on long-term sickness absence vary according to the level of individual working time control (WTC). Methods A representative sample of Finnish employees (1447 men and 1624 women) was combined with a register-based follow-up. A negative binomial model was used in the analysis of long-term sickness absence days. The results were adjusted for various background and work-related factors. Results Individual WTC decreased long-term sickness absence. The higher rate of sickness absences in shiftwork was mainly due to the lower level of WTC. Working time control decreased sickness absence equally in day work and shiftwork. Conclusions The ne…
Improvement in altitude performance test after further acclimatization in pre-acclimatized soldiers.
2013
The Altitude Performance Test is a measure designed to assess an individual's degree of acclimatization to reduce the risk of acute mountain sickness during high-altitude activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that test results will improve in pre-acclimatized soldiers after several days of further acclimatization. The Altitude Performance Test consists of an uphill run at high altitude. The event is timed and performed with continuous oxygen saturation (SpO2) monitoring. The individual's time and lowest SpO2 measurement are recorded. This test was performed on the first day of arriving at 11,060 ft, and after 9 days at the same location. The 37 male soldiers we…
Requestioning depression in patients with cancer: Contribution of somatic and affective symptoms to Beck's Depression Inventory
2007
Background: Depressive symptoms are a major complaint reported by cancer patients. Somatic and affective symptoms can contribute to depression. Patients and methods: We investigated the prevalence of somatic and affective depressive symptoms with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in 213 hospitalized cancer patients prior to the start of chemotherapy. Results: Seventeen of 213 patients (8%) were screened positive for major depression; 40 (19%) had mild to moderate depressive symptoms. The corresponding figures for somatic and affective symptoms were 33.3% and 2.8% in the patients with major depression and 23.0% and 8.0% in those with mild to moderate depressive symptoms. Female patients, p…