Search results for "signal processing"

showing 10 items of 2451 documents

V1 non-linear properties emerge from local-to-global non-linear ICA

2006

It has been argued that the aim of non-linearities in different visual and auditory mechanisms may be to remove the relations between the coefficients of the signal after global linear ICA-like stages. Specifically, in Schwartz and Simoncelli (2001), it was shown that masking effects are reproduced by fitting the parameters of a particular non-linearity in order to remove the dependencies between the energy of wavelet coefficients. In this work, we present a different result that supports the same efficient encoding hypothesis. However, this result is more general because, instead of assuming any specific functional form for the non-linearity, we show that by using an unconstrained approach…

Masking (art)business.industryModels NeurologicalNeuroscience (miscellaneous)Independent component analysisNonlinear systemWaveletNonlinear DynamicsReceptive fieldEncoding (memory)Visual PerceptionHumansAutomatic gain controlNeural Networks ComputerArtificial intelligenceVisual FieldsbusinessAlgorithmPhotic StimulationEnergy (signal processing)Visual CortexMathematicsNetwork: Computation in Neural Systems
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α decay studies of the nuclidesU218andU219

2007

Very neutron deficient uranium isotopes were produced in fusion evaporation reactions using $^{40}\mathrm{Ar}$ ions on $^{182}\mathrm{W}$ targets. The gas-filled recoil separator RITU was employed to collect the fusion products and to separate them from the scattered beam and other reaction products. The activities were implanted into a position sensitive silicon detector after passing through a gas-counter system. The isotopes were identified using spatial and time correlations between the implants and the decays. Two $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-decaying states, with ${E}_{\ensuremath{\alpha}}=(8612\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}9)$ keV and ${T}_{1/2}=(0.{51}_{\ensuremath{-}0.10}^{+0.17})$ ms for t…

Mass numberPhysicsNuclear and High Energy PhysicsIsotopes of uraniumNeutronNuclideAlpha decayAtomic physicsGround stateEnergy (signal processing)IonPhysical Review C
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Short baseline line matching for central imaging systems

2012

We develop a generic line matching method especially applicable to omnidirectional images taken from constructed scenes with short baseline motion where the motion of the imaging system between two views is mainly an arbitrary rotation and the translation of the camera between two views with respect to its distance to the imaged scene is negligible. We start by studying the relationship between images of lines on unitary sphere followed by proposing a simple algorithm for simultaneously matching vanishing points and lines. The developed algorithm is very simple, yet it works on images captured by all types of central imaging systems, including perspective, fish-eye and catadioptric images. …

Matching (graph theory)Computer sciencebusiness.industryPerspective (graphical)ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONTranslation (geometry)Real imageCatadioptric systemArtificial IntelligenceComputer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionSignal ProcessingComputer visionComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligenceVanishing pointbusinessRotation (mathematics)SoftwarePattern Recognition Letters
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Towards a real-time 3D shape reconstruction using a structured light system

2005

This paper deals with 3D shape reconstruction using a structured light system (SLS) which projects a matrix of laser rays onto the scene to be analyzed. The intrinsic problem of such a system is the correspondence problem solving, which in this particular case amounts to matching up the imaged spots and the originating laser rays. In this paper, we propose a method for automatically obtaining configurations of the system (COS) (i.e. the relative positions of the camera, laser projector, and measuring scene) that permit to achieve a direct and unambiguous correspondence. After, we propose a splitting cell algorithm, which efficiently performs a real-time correspondence procedure. Experimenta…

Matching (graph theory)business.industryComputer science3D reconstructionComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONLaserlaw.inventionLaser projectorMatrix (mathematics)Artificial IntelligencelawSignal ProcessingComputer visionComputer Vision and Pattern RecognitionArtificial intelligencebusinessShape reconstructionCorrespondence problemSoftwareStructured lightPattern Recognition
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Broadband tuning of a long-cavity all-fiber mode locked Thulium-doped fiber laser using an acousto-optic bandpass filter

2019

A long-cavity passively mode-locked thulium-doped all-fiber laser is reported incorporating a tapered acousto-optic tunable bandpass filter (AOTBF). The operation of the AOTBF relies on the intermodal coupling between core and cladding modes when a flexural acoustic wave propagates along an 80-microm tapered fiber. The filter works in transmission and exhibits a 3-dB bandwidth of 9.02 nm with an insertion loss of 3.4 dB. The laser supports ultrashort pulse generation at a low repetition rate of 784.93 kHz. Optical pulses with 2.43 nm of optical bandwidth and 2.1 ps pulse duration were obtained in a broad tuning range from 1824.77 to 1905.16 nm.

Materials science02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslaw.invention010309 opticsfiber laserOpticsBand-pass filter:FÍSICA [UNESCO]lawFiber laser0103 physical sciencesInsertion lossfiber opticsthulium laserbusiness.industryBandwidth (signal processing)UNESCO::FÍSICAPulse durationmode-locked laser021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserCladding (fiber optics)Atomic and Molecular Physics and Optics0210 nano-technologybusinessUltrashort pulse
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Interlayer and intralayer excitons in MoS2/WS2 and MoSe2/WSe2 heterobilayers

2018

Accurately described excitonic properties of transition metal dichalcogenide heterobilayers (HBLs) are crucial to comprehend the optical response and the charge carrier dynamics of them. Excitons in multilayer systems possess an inter- or intralayer character whose spectral positions depend on their binding energy and the band alignment of the constituent single layers. In this paper, we report the electronic structure and the absorption spectra of ${\mathrm{MoS}}_{2}/{\mathrm{WS}}_{2}$ and ${\mathrm{MoSe}}_{2}/{\mathrm{WSe}}_{2}$ HBLs from first-principles calculations. We explore the spectral positions, binding energies, and the origins of inter- and intralayer excitons and compare our re…

Materials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyCondensed matter physicsExcitonBinding energy02 engineering and technologyElectronic structureCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall Effect021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesBand offsetCondensed Matter::Materials Science0103 physical sciencesCharge carrierAbsorption (logic)010306 general physics0210 nano-technologyEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review B
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Measuring guided waves in long bones: Modeling and experiments in free and immersed plates

2005

Guided waves, consistent with the A0 Lamb mode, have previously been observed in bone phantoms and human long bones. Reported velocity measurements relied on line fitting of the observed wave fronts. Such an approach has limited ability to assess dispersion and is affected by interference by other wave modes. For a more robust identification of modes and determination of phase velocities, signal processing techniques using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) were investigated. The limitations of FFT because of spatial resolution were addressed to improve the precision of the measured modes. An inversion scheme was developed for determining the plate thickness from the measured velocity. Experi…

Materials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsLine fittingAcousticsFast Fourier transformBiophysicsModels BiologicalBone and BonesImaging phantomsymbols.namesakeOpticsmedicineHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingImage resolutionUltrasonographySignal processingFourier AnalysisRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologyPhantoms Imagingbusiness.industrySignal Processing Computer-AssistedAcousticsmedicine.anatomical_structureFourier analysissymbolsGroup velocityCortical bonebusinessUltrasound in Medicine & Biology
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A stochastic shape and orientation model for fibres with an application to carbon nanotubes

2012

Methods are introduced for analysing the shape and orientation of planar fibres from greyscale images of fibrous systems. The sequence of image processing techniques needed for segmentation of fibres is described. The identified fibres were interpreted as deformed line segments for which two shape and two orientation parameters are estimated by the maximum likelihood method. The methods introduced are shown to perform quite well for simulated systems of deformed line segments with known properties. They were applied to TEM images of carbon nanotubes embedded in polycarbonate.

Materials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsMaterials Science (miscellaneous)General MathematicsCarbon nanotubesImage processingCarbon nanotube2D fibre identificationBinarizationGrayscaleDeformed line segmentslaw.inventionPlanarLine segmentlawRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSegmentationPolycarbonateComposite materialInstrumentationlcsh:R5-920Orientation (computer vision)lcsh:MathematicsMultivariate von Mises distributionlcsh:QA1-939Computer Science::Computer Vision and Pattern Recognitionvisual_artSignal Processingvisual_art.visual_art_mediumComputer Vision and Pattern Recognitionlcsh:Medicine (General)BiotechnologyImage Analysis and Stereology
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Experimental analysis of acoustical properties of irregular cavities using laser refracto-vibrometry

2018

International audience; In this paper, the Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometer (SLDV) is used to measure acoustic pressure in small regions of cavities for the study of acoustical localization. It is shown that this optical method leads to interesting information on localized acoustical modes inside irregular cavities, which are very difficult to observe using conventional microphone measurements. Indeed, localization regions are often of comparable size or even smaller than a typical microphone which can make this type of sensor intrusive. The SLDV is used to measure sound pressure after deriving the refracto-vibrometry method from its standard use. Data are obtained in a large area with a h…

Materials scienceAcoustics and UltrasonicsMicrophonebusiness.industryAcousticsAcoustic localizationIrregular cavitiesLaser01 natural scienceslaw.invention[PHYS.MECA.ACOU]Physics [physics]/Mechanics [physics]/Acoustics [physics.class-ph]010309 opticsResonatorNoise reduction coefficientOpticsQuality (physics)law0103 physical sciencesAcoustic dampingRefracto-vibrometrySound pressurebusiness010301 acousticsImage resolutionEnergy (signal processing)
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Harvesting rainfall energy by means of piezoelectric transducer

2013

In this paper a detailed study on the piezoelectric energy harvesting of rainfall is presented. Different features have been taken into account in order to define the limits in this energy harvesting. Only commercial transducers have been considered: a lead zirconate titanate and polyvinylidene difluoride transducer.

Materials scienceAcousticsPolyvinylidene difluorideenergy harvesting piezoelectricSettore ING-IND/32 - Convertitori Macchine E Azionamenti ElettriciLead zirconate titanatePiezoelectricitySettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronicachemistry.chemical_compoundSettore ING-IND/31 - ElettrotecnicaTransducerchemistryPMUTEnergy harvestingEnergy (signal processing)
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