Search results for "significance"

Maternal stress and coping strategies in developmental Dyslexia: An Italian multicenter study

2017

BackgroundStudies about the impact of developmental dyslexia (DD) on parenting are scarce. Our investigation aimed to assess maternal stress levels and mothers’ copying styles in a population of dyslexic children.MethodsA total of 874 children (500 boys, 374 girls; mean age 8.32 ± 2.33 years) affected by DD was included in the study. A total of 1,421 typically developing children (789 boys, 632 girls; mean age 8.25 ± 3.19 years) were recruited from local schools of participating Italian Regions (Abruzzo, Calabria, Campania, Puglia, Umbria, Sicily) and used as control-children group. All mothers (of both DD and typically developing children) filled out an evaluation for parental stress (Pare…

Myocardial Perfusion and Fractional Flow Reserve

2013

Myocardial CT perfusion imaging is a rapidly evolving technology that allows assessment of the functional significance of potentially obstructive coronary stenosis. The opportunity for quantification of myocardial perfusion is the greatest potential advantage of CT compared with other perfusion techniques. On the other hand, fractional flow reserve during coronary angiography provides a functional assessment of coronary lesions identified with this modality. Recently, a non-invasive method for estimating fractional flow reserve, based on coronary CT angiography has been introduced. Nevertheless, at present neither CT perfusion nor CT FFR are ready for widespread use in clinical routine.

Stress as a Key Concept in Chronic Widespread Pain and Fatigue Disorders

2009

ABSTRACT.Objectives: To review recent studies on the etiopathogenetic role and clinical relevance of life stress in medically unexplained syndromes characterized by chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain and fatigue.Findings: Both fibromyalgia syndrome [FMS] and chronic fatigue syndrome [CFS] have been found to be frequently linked to different stressors, such as negative life events, occupational problems, posttraumatic stress [PTSD], adverse childhood experiences, and “overactive” lifestyle. In addition, the stress-modulating role of affect-regulation, perceptual-cognitive factors, and social support, as well as the relationship with depression have been investigated in FMS/CFS patients.…

Effect of physical activity counseling on physical activity of older people in Finland (ISRCTN 07330512).

2011

SUMMARY The aim of this study was to describe the underlying theory and the implementation of a 2-year individualized physical activity counseling intervention and to evaluate whether benefits persisted 1.5 years after the intervention. The sample included 632 sedentary 75- to 81-year-old participants. Data were collected in 2003 –2005. The participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group and a control group. The intervention consisted of an individualized face-to-face meeting followed by telephone contacts every 4 months for 2 years, with the aim to increase participation in specific physical activities as well as to increase habitual physical activity. At the 2-year follow-up,…

Cytoplasmic autoantigens in autoimmune hepatitis: molecular analysis and clinical relevance.

1991

Association between dietary fibre intake and fruit, vegetable or whole-grain consumption and the risk of CVD: results from the PREvención con DIeta M…

2016

Prospective studies assessing the association between fibre intake or fibre-rich food consumption and the risk of CVD have often been limited by baseline assessment of diet. Thus far, no study has used yearly repeated measurements of dietary changes during follow-up. Moreover, previous studies included healthy and selected participants who did not represent subjects at high cardiovascular risk. We used yearly repeated measurements of diet to investigate the association between fibre intake and CVD in a Mediterranean cohort of elderly adults at high cardiovascular risk. We followed-up 7216 men (55-80 years) and women (60-80 years) initially free of CVD for up to 7 years in the PREvención con…

Bilabiate Flowers: The Ultimate Response to Bees?

2007

† Background and Aims Bilabiate flowers have evolved in many lineages of the angiosperms, thus representing a convincing example of parallel evolution. Similar to keel blossoms, they have obviously evolved in order to protect pollen against pollen-collecting bees. Although many examples are known, a comprehensive survey on floral diversity and functional constraints of bilabiate flowers is lacking. Here, the concept is widened and described as a general pattern. † Methods The present paper is a conceptional review including personal observations of the authors. To form a survey on the diversity of bilabiate blossoms, a search was made for examples across the angiosperms and these were combi…

Comparison of salivary cytokines levels among individuals with Down syndrome, cerebral palsy and normoactive

2019

Background Individuals with Down syndrome (DS) present increased susceptibility to infections and high prevalence of periodontal disease. The objective of this study is to evaluate the salivary concentrations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNFα and IL-12p70 of DS individuals and compare to cerebral palsy (CP) and normoactive patients (all with gingivitis). Material and Methods Twenty-two individuals with DS, 24 with CP and 22 normoactive participated in this cross-sectional study. Salivary flow rate, osmolality rate, Oral Hygiene Index, Gingival Index (GI) and salivary inflammatory markers IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNFα and IL-12p70 were evaluated. Shapiro-Wilks, Chi-square, ANOVA One-Way and…

Group analytic therapy for eating disorders: preliminary results in a single-group study.

2008

Objectives There is a lack of empirical data on the effectiveness and process of group-analytic therapy in eating disorders. This single-group study aimed to explore the effectiveness of such treatment for anorexic and bulimic individuals. Method Eight patients (three anorexic and five bulimic women) entered group-analytic treatment, meeting weekly for 2 years. Eating behaviours, overall psychological distress and group process variables were regularly assessed using quantitative and qualitative measures, with comparisons made at the beginning and end of the therapy. Results Treatment was discontinued in two cases. When outcome was classified on the basis of reliable change and clinical sig…

The therapeutic modulation of atherogenic dyslipidemia and inflammatory markers in the metabolic syndrome: what is the clinical relevance?

2008

The metabolic syndrome consists of a constellation of clinical and biochemical risk factors that cluster together and heighten the risk for atherogenesis, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. Established risk cardiovascular factors like hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, and glucose intolerance occur in the setting of insulin resistance and central adiposity, with genetic and environmental influences modulating the ultimate risk. Chronic insults to the endothelium take its toll in the form of silent as well as clinically evident cardiovascular events. The cellular and vascular accompaniments have shed some light into the underlying pathophysiology. Heightened, low-grade inflammatory…