Search results for "skeptisismi"
showing 4 items of 4 documents
Kristinuskon sosiaalinen rakentuminen
2008
Avicenna’s Outsourced Rationalism
2020
This paper refutes the claim that Avicenna's theory of science is empiricist in the robust, Lockean sense. I argue that his denial of innatism notwithstanding, the theory of formal identity, together with the metaphysical idea that the ontological structure of the sublunary world is grounded in the active intellect, commits Avicenna to a peculiar kind of rationalism in which the ultimate source of knowledge is an intellect, albeit one extraneous to the human mind. I then introduce two hitherto insufficiently discussed texts to challenge this conclusion. In the end, I claim that although this new material may provide some evidence for a robust empiricism in Avicenna, its consequences remaine…
Hume, David
2013
David Hume (1711—1776) oli skotlantilainen filosofi, historioitsija ja esseisti. Humea pidetään yleisesti merkittävimpänä englanninkielisenä filosofina. Hänen monipuolinen filosofinen työnsä kattaa lähes kaikki filosofian osa-alueet: tieto-opin, metafysiikan ja ontologian, mielenfilosofian ja tahdonvapauden ongelman, matematiikan filosofian, tieteen- ja luonnonfilosofian, yhteiskunta- ja moraalifilosofian, metaetiikan, estetiikan sekä uskonnonfilosofian. Nykyisestä Hume-tutkimuksesta suurin osa on historiallista, mutta monet hänen filosofiansa keskeiset teemat, kuten kausaliteetti, mielen kimpputeoria, induktion ongelma, sekä arvojen ja tosiseikkojen erottelu, ovat olennaisia myös nykyfilos…
Akbarian Scepticism in Islam : Qūnawī's Sceptical Arguments from Relativity and Disagreement
2021
This study deals with the sceptical arguments by one of the most important figures in the philosophical Sufi tradition (the Akbarian school) and the foremost disciple of Ibn ʿArabī, Ṣadr al‐Dīn al‐Qūnawī. Though not a sceptic in the strict sense, Qūnawī employs sceptical arguments from relativity of rational knowledge and disagreement among philosophers to prove inefficacy of reason and rational procedures of knowledge in terms of achieving certain knowledge of metaphysical matters, namely of God and the ultimate principles of things. The paper questions Qūnawī's implicit assumption that, if there is disagreement on a proposition p, then p is relative and thus cannot provide certain knowled…