Search results for "smoking."

showing 10 items of 631 documents

A comprehensive evaluation of potential lung function associated genes in the SpiroMeta general population sample

2011

Lung function measures are heritable traits that predict population morbidity and mortality and are essential for the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Variations in many genes have been reported to affect these traits, but attempts at replication have provided conflicting results. Recently, we undertook a meta-analysis of Genome Wide Association Study (GWAS) results for lung function measures in 20,288 individuals from the general population (the SpiroMeta consortium). OBJECTIVES: To comprehensively analyse previously reported genetic associations with lung function measures, and to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in these genomic regions…

PulmonologyChronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseasesEpidemiologyVital Capacitylcsh:MedicineGenome-wide association studyBioinformaticsPDE4DPulmonary function testingPulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructive0302 clinical medicineForced Expiratory VolumePHOSPHODIESTERASE 4D GENElcsh:ScienceLungRISK0303 health scienceseducation.field_of_studyCOPDMultidisciplinaryAlpha 1-antitrypsin deficiencyGreat BritainALPHA(1)-ANTITRYPSIN DEFICIENCYta3141ta3142respiratory system3142 Public health care science environmental and occupational health3. Good healthRespiratory Function Testsmedicine.anatomical_structureGenetic EpidemiologyScience & Technology - Other TopicsMedicineBiological MarkersHEALTHResearch Articlemedicine.medical_specialtyGeneral Science & TechnologyPopulationObstructive pulmonary-disease; Phosphodiesterase 4D gene; Alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency; Health; PDE4D; RiskPolymorphism Single NucleotideOBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE03 medical and health sciencesMeta-Analysis as TopicMolecular geneticsMD MultidisciplinarymedicineGeneticsGenome-Wide Association StudiesHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseeducationBiology030304 developmental biologyAsthmaScience & TechnologyLungMULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCESbusiness.industryGenome Humanlcsh:RSmoking Related DisordersSpiroMeta Consortiummedicine.diseaseUnited KingdomAsthmarespiratory tract diseasesGenetics of Diseaselcsh:Qbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryBiomarkersGenome-Wide Association Study
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Low physical activity and its association with diabetes and other cardiovascular risk factors: a nationwide, population-based study

2016

Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM; ISCIII Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion); Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo; Spanish Diabetes Society (SED)

QuestionnairesMaleDislipidemiasCross-sectional studyEstudios transversalesEspañaObesidadÍndice de masa corporalBiochemistryBody Mass Index0302 clinical medicineEndocrinology:Phenomena and Processes::Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena::Musculoskeletal Physiological Processes::Movement::Motor Activity [Medical Subject Headings]Public and Occupational Healthlcsh:Science:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet::Diet Mediterranean [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Prevalence [Medical Subject Headings]:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Glycerides::Triglycerides [Medical Subject Headings]:Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe::Spain [Medical Subject Headings]Aged 80 and overDiabetis:Diseases::Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases::Metabolic Diseases::Lipid Metabolism Disorders::Dyslipidemias [Medical Subject Headings]:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Overweight::Obesity::Obesity Abdominal [Medical Subject Headings]Cardiovascular DiseasesObesitatEnfermedades cardiovascularesFactores de riesgomedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrine Disorders:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Lipoproteins::Lipoproteins HDL::Cholesterol HDL [Medical Subject Headings]:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Habits::Smoking [Medical Subject Headings]QüestionarisTriglicéridosExercici -- Aspectes sanitaris03 medical and health sciencesDiabetes MellitusHumans:Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases [Medical Subject Headings]ExerciseAgedSurvey ResearchMalalties cardiovascularsPreventionlcsh:REnfermedad crónicaBiology and Life SciencesPhysical ActivityInsulin-resistancemedicine.diseaseActividad motoraObesityLipid metabolismCross-Sectional StudiesDyslipidemiaAdherenceGlucosalcsh:QBody mass indexDyslipidemiaDemography:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Psychology Social::Life Style::Sedentary Lifestyle [Medical Subject Headings]PhysiologyPhysical fitnessSistema cardiovascular -- Malalties:Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Monosaccharides::Hexoses::Glucose [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:Medicine:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Weights and Measures::Body Size::Body Weight::Overweight::Obesity [Medical Subject Headings]:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings]Obesidad abdominalGeographical LocationsGlucose MetabolismRisk FactorsHábito de fumarMedicine and Health SciencesPrevalence030212 general & internal medicinePrediabetes:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Surveys and Questionnaires [Medical Subject Headings]Multidisciplinary:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Disease Attributes::Chronic Disease [Medical Subject Headings]DiabetesMiddle Aged:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cross-Sectional Studies [Medical Subject Headings]EuropeEncuestas y cuestionariosPhysiological ParametersResearch DesignCarbohydrate MetabolismFemaleResearch ArticleAdultAdolescent030209 endocrinology & metabolismVida sedentariaResearch and Analysis MethodsHDL-colesterolYoung AdultSex FactorsDiabetes mellitusmedicineAdultsObesityEspanya:Diseases::Endocrine System Diseases::Diabetes Mellitus::Prediabetic State [Medical Subject Headings]Sedentary lifestylebusiness.industryEstado prediabéticoBody WeightPhysical fitnessDieta mediterráneaMetabolisme dels lípidsDietMetabolismSpainMetabolic DisordersPeople and PlacesPhysical therapySedentary BehaviorbusinessPrevalenciaCondició física
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The neurobiological bases for the pharmacotherapy of nicotine addiction.

2007

Nicotine, the major psychoactive agent present in tobacco, acts as a potent addictive drug both in humans and laboratory animals, whose locomotor activity is also stimulated. A large body of evidence indicates that the locomotor activation and the reinforcing effects of nicotine may be related to its stimulatory effects on the mesolimbic dopaminergic function. Thus, it is now well established that nicotine can increase in vivo DA outflow in the nucleus accumbens and the corpus striatum. The stimulatory effect of nicotine on DA release most probably results from its ability to excite the neuronal firing rate and to increase the bursting activity of DA neurons in the substantia nigra pars com…

RAT STRIATAL SYNAPTOSOMESNicotineINDUCED BEHAVIORAL SENSITIZATIONmedia_common.quotation_subjectSubstantia nigraStriatumNicotinic AntagonistsBiologyNucleus accumbensPharmacologyReceptors NicotinicNicotineDrug DiscoverySUSTAINED-RELEASE BUPROPIONmedicineLOCOMOTOR STIMULANT ACTIONAnimalsHumansNicotinic Agonistsmedia_commonPharmacologyMIDBRAIN DOPAMINE NEURONSPars compactaAddictionNIGRA PARS COMPACTAFACILITATES SMOKING CESSATIONTobacco Use DisorderSUBUNIT MESSENGER-RNAAntidepressive AgentsVentral tegmental areaVENTRAL TEGMENTAL AREANicotinic agonistmedicine.anatomical_structurenervous systemmedicine.drugSEROTONIN(2C) RECEPTORS BLOCKSCurrent pharmaceutical design
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Annual effective dose and excess life time cancer risk assessment from tobacco plants

2019

Cigarette smoking is one of the pathways that might cause radiation exposure due to the presence of radioactive elements in tobacco leaves used in the manufacture of cigarettes. From the health point of view, the knowledge of radioactivity content of the various radionuclides in tobacco leaves and their derivative products is important to assess the radiological effects associated with tobacco smoking for smokers. In this work, naturally occurring radionuclides 226Ra, 232Th and 40K and man-made 137Cs were measured in tobacco using gamma-ray spectrometry. Results show that the average concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K vary from 4.30 ± 0.2 to 11.85 ± 0.7 (average 8.17), 1.35 ± 0.1 to 16.…

RadionuclideInhalationbusiness.industryLife timechemistry.chemical_elementEffective dose (radiation)RadiumToxicologychemistryCigarette smokingCancer risk assessmentMedicinelcsh:Qlcsh:Sciencelcsh:Science (General)Cancer riskbusinesslcsh:Q1-390Perspectives in Science
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Premeditated automaticity : the role of explicit cognition in the development of obsessive smoking

2010

- Abstract The purpose of the present study was to examine the role of explicit cognitions in relation to the development of obsessive smoking passion. Data derives from a longitudinal internet survey conducted among 939 daily smokers over a period of four months. Mental representations were the strongest predictor of obsessive smoking passion (ß=.47, p<.001) followed by habit strength (ß=.25, p<.001) and number of cigarettes smoked (ß=.09, p<.01). Altogether the variables accounted for 48% of the variance in obsessive smoking passion. The results indicated that mental representations, along with automatic processes, play an important role in the prediction of obsessive smoking passion. The…

Representasjoner / RepresentationsRøyking / SmokingeducationPsychologyPsycholgy Classificationhumanitiessmoking; obsessive passion; mental representations; habitJournal of Human Sciences
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Exercise and Smoking : A Literature Overview

2015

The purpose of this review is to summarize the more recent research findings regarding the relationship between exercise and smoking behavior. Reviewed studies have been presented according to themes and research design types. Initially cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiological studies have been reviewed in order to map findings regarding the correlations between those two behaviors. Moreover, studies exploring variables that function as mediators or moderators between smoking and exercise relationship have been included. Then studies examining the possible preventive effects of exercise on smoking behavior for adolescents are reviewed and implications for developing effective preven…

Research designmedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentehkäisyAlternative medicinephysical activityResearch findingsQuit smokingSmoking behaviorHealth promotionkohtelutupakointiEpidemiologymedicinePhysical therapySmoking cessationbusinessClinical psychology
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La diabetes mellitus y el riesgo cardiovascular. ¿Es necesario el tratamiento integral de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y los factores de riesgo cardio…

2010

ResumenLas enfermedades cardiovasculares (CV) son la primera causa de muerte en la población española, tanto en personas diabéticas como no diabéticas. En la diabetes, la enfermedad CV es entre 2 y 4 veces más frecuente, más precoz y más agresiva. Con las medidas actuales se puede llegar a una prevención del ∼50% de la enfermedad CV. Los factores de riesgo CV en la diabetes son la hipertensión arterial (HTA), la dislipemia, el tabaquismo, la obesidad y el sedentarismo. Más del 80% de pacientes con diabetes tipo 2 presenta HTA y dislipemia, y aproximadamente un 15% sigue fumando. Pero menos de un 10% tiene todos estos factores controlados. Aunque la dislipemia es el factor más condicionante …

Riskmedicine.medical_specialtymedicine.medical_treatmentEnfermedad cardiovascularDiseaseType 2 diabetesRiesgoDiabetes tipo 2Internal medicineDiabetes mellitusmedicineCause of deathMedicine(all)business.industryPreventionType 2 diabetesGeneral MedicineAtención primariaCardiovascular diseasePrimary caremedicine.diseaseObesityPrevenciónBlood pressureSmoking cessationbusinessFamily PracticeDyslipidemiaAtención Primaria
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Usage and Dose Response of a Mobile Acceptance and Commitment Therapy App: Secondary Analysis of the Intervention Arm of a Randomized Controlled Trial

2016

Background: Mobile phone apps offer a promising medium to deliver psychological interventions. A mobile app based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) was developed and studied in a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Objective: To study usage metrics of a mobile ACT intervention and dose-response relationship between usage and improvement in psychological flexibility. Methods: An RCT was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of different lifestyle interventions for overweight people with psychological stress. This paper presents a secondary analysis of the group that received an 8-week mobile ACT intervention. Most of the analyzed 74 participants were female (n=64, 86%). Their me…

SMARTPHONE APPLICATION020205 medical informaticsretrospective studyPsychological intervention02 engineering and technologyLogistic regressionAcceptance and commitment therapy3124 Neurology and psychiatrylaw.invention0302 clinical medicinePROGRAMSRandomized controlled trialInterquartile rangelaw0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringmobiilisovelluksetWEB-BASED ACCEPTANCEMedicine030212 general & internal medicineadherencePREDICTORSmHealthApplied Psychologyta515mobile appsT58.5-58.64DEPRESSION3. Good healthHEALTHPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270medicine.medical_specialty515 Psychologyhyväksymis- ja omistautumisterapiaSTUDENTSHealth InformaticsContext (language use)Information technology03 medical and health sciencesNursingAcceptance and Commitment TherapyOriginal Paperbusiness.industryTillämpad psykologiSMOKING-CESSATIONConfidence interval3141 Health care scienceacceptance and commitment therapyPhysical therapyATTRITIONbusiness
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• Role of counseling in tobacco smoking cessation

2009

• Role of counseling in tobacco smoking cessation

SMOKING CESSATION
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Network of international scientific collaboration on smoking: analysis of coauthorship through the Science Citation Index (1999-2003)

2009

Objetivo: El objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer los patrones de colaboración científica internacional y la visibilidad que genera la coautoría de artículos sobre tabaquismo en relación a países, a través del Science Citation Index-Expanded (SCI-Expanded) en el periodo de 1999 a 2003. Material y métodos: Se seleccionaron los artículos de colaboración sobre tabaquismo entre países en SCI-Expanded (1999-2003). Se analizaron las redes de colaboración subyacente entre países, comparando su productividad (número de artículos producidos), su visibilidad (número de citas recibidas) y centralidad (grado nodal, intermediación y proximidad). Resultados: Se recuperaron 3.484 artículos en los que h…

Scientific publicationRedes de colaboraciónSmokingBibliometryBibliometríaPublicaciones científicasTabaquismoCollaboration networks
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