Search results for "social group"
showing 10 items of 121 documents
The Responsible University in Southeast Asia : A Tale of the Transition from an Elite to a Mass Higher Education System
2019
AbstractAs is the case in the Nordic countries, universities in Southeast Asia are expected to act in a responsible manner by fostering greater participation in higher education across different social groups and by promoting regional development. To date, however, few studies have investigated such important aspects within the context of emerging economies undergoing considerable political, social and economic changes. Our study setting is Indonesia, a country with large socio-economic asymmetries that is undergoing the historical transition from an elite to a mass higher education system. The chapter provides evidence of the roles played by different types of universities located in speci…
Reżyserka jako zawód urojony, czyli o podwójnej polityczności polskiego kina młodego pokolenia tworzonego przez kobiety
2014
Art as being not only exalted vision of the artist, is a subject to the whole series of dependences. Among them there are institutional and non-institutional factors. It is no different in the case of cinema. Within its field representation issues of a social group and its interests may cross. There we may encounter the political of the presented content, but also of the environment in which it arises. Therefore, the reflection on Polish cinema of the younger generation created by women seems reasonable. The purpose of these considerations is therefore examining its political face, both in terms of the content itself and the conditions of its formation.
Biology curriculum in twentieth-century Spain
1999
One hundred years of history of Spanish biology curricula are reviewed in this article. The aim of this analysis is focused on the relationship between socially con- troversial biological issues and the decisionmaking procedures in the construction of the national curricula published under the different regimes that have governed Spain over the last 100 years. The study covers the secondary level of schooling (age 10 up to university), and is based mainly on the data afforded by the official publications of the nine national curricula in twentieth-century Spain, and some of the main textbooks used for this schooling level. Special attention is given to the teaching of evolution, the most se…
Pathways From Narcissism to Leadership Emergence in Social Groups
2021
Narcissists successfully emerge as leaders. However, the processes by which this occurs are mostly unknown. Following a dual-pathway approach and differentiating between agentic (narcissistic admiration) and antagonistic (narcissistic rivalry) narcissism, we investigated the behavioral processes underlying narcissists’ leadership emergence in social groups. We applied data from a multimethodological laboratory study ( N = 311) comprising three groups of variables: personality traits, expressed interaction behaviors, and interpersonal perceptions. Prior to the laboratory sessions, participants provided self-reported answers to various narcissism measures. Interpersonal perceptions were obta…
Brain, Sociobiology, and Evolution in Primates
1981
Socialization in primates can be understood essentially as a function of the information processing ability of the CNS, which can be roughly measured in terms of relative brain size in closely related species groups. Both the cephalization constant (Hemmer 1971, 1974) and the extra neuron number (Jerison 1964, 1973) may be used for relevant quantification, as there is a highly significant correlation of both parameters in primates (7 ape species: r = 0.97, 20 Old World monkey species: r = 0.99; Hemmer 1978). The author has shown in a previous paper (Hemmer 1979) close negative correlations of relative brain size and the social organization as expressed in troop size (r = −0.92) and of relat…
Cognitive processes behind the shooter bias: Dissecting response bias, motor preparation and information accumulation
2021
Abstract A rich body of research points to racial biases in so-called police officer dilemma tasks: participants are generally faster and less error-prone to “shoot” (vs. not “shoot”) Black (vs. White) targets. In three experimental (and two supplemental) studies (total N = 914), we aimed at examining the cognitive processes underlying these findings under fully standardized conditions. To be able to dissect a-priori decision bias, biased information processing and motor preparation, we rendered video sequences of virtual avatars that differed in nothing but the tone of their skin. Modeling the data via drift diffusion models revealed that the threat of a social group can be explicitly lear…
Environmentalism and Political Participation: Toward a New System of Social Beliefs and Values?
1992
This study examines the social beliefs and values of the Spanish population with regard to environmentalism. A questionnaire on environmental beliefs was produced and administered to two sample groups. The first group, to be called “activists” (comprising 86 subjects), is characterized by belonging to one or other environmental organization. The other, termed “nonactivists” (comprising 410 subjects), is composed of people not belonging to any environmentalist organization. We conclude that, as in other Western countries, environmentalism has moved from being a set of beliefs held by a small group of people to becoming a central element in the system of beliefs characterizing our society. In…
Preference for Identification in the Field – Nudging Refugees’ Integration Effort
2019
Social identity greatly affects behavior. However, less is known about individual’s investment into identification, i.e. into belonging to a social group. We design a field experiment that allows us to make effort as an investment into a new group identity salient. The social identity in our treatment is refugee’s identification with the host society. We modified a mailing to 5600 refugees who use an online language-learning platform to learn the host countries’ language. These treatment emails make salient that improving the host country’s language ability increases the belonging to the host society. Our analysis reveals that the treatment has a significant positive effect on the effort ex…
PREDICTORS OF THE SENSE OF BELONGING TO THE COUNTRY: EXPLORING A NEW MODEL
2017
This study explored new possibilities for measuring the sense of belonging to the country and investigated predictors of the sense of belonging to Latvia. Focusing on students’ sense of belonging to the country is explained by two reasons: 1) emigration is the main factor of depopulation in Latvia; 2) students’ intention to emigrate is the highest among other social groups. Studies in the field of community psychology present models of the sense of community and explore intentions to stay in a particular place. Within a new model, different levels of social systems (from meso- to macro-system) were included into the analysis of predictors of the sense of belonging to the country. The partic…
Nutrition, public health politics and dietary tools
2020
Abstract In order to ensure a good status of health through the diet, it is necessary to follow nutritional objectives that have been established according to the nutritional policies of each country. However, nutritional objectives will differ according to the specific population group and it would be necessary to have tools to estimate the nutritional status, anthropometrics, biochemical parameters, clinical examination, and dietary assessment being the main tools that are used. Dietary assessment tools are related to an appraisal of food and nutrient consumption as well as the dietary pattern of particular groups of people during a special period. Therefore this chapter aims to discuss t…