Search results for "social sciences."
showing 10 items of 40021 documents
After the emergence of the Acheulean at Melka Kunture (Upper Awash, Ethiopia): From Gombore IB (1.6 Ma) to Gombore Iγ (1.4 Ma), Gombore Iδ (1.3 Ma) a…
2021
International audience; While the emergence of the Acheulean is well documented in East Africa at ~1.7 Ma, subsequent developments are less well understood and to some extent controversial. Here, we provide robust evidence regarding the time period between 1.6 Ma and 1.2 Ma, based on an interdisciplinary approach to the stratigraphic sequences exposed in the Gombore gully of Melka Kunture, in the upper Awash Valley of Ethiopia. Throughout the Pleistocene, the environment differed significantly from elsewhere in Africa because of the elevation at 2000 m asl, the cooler and rainy climate, the Afromontane vegetation, the development of endemic animal species, and the recurrent impact of volcan…
L’étude archéologique des mortiers de chaux médiévaux : vers une meilleure compréhension des gestes du maçon
2020
International audience; Ces dernières décennies, l’étude des mortiers archéologiques, en particulier médiévaux, a connu un essor considérable en lien étroit avec celui de l’archéologie du bâti. Matériaux composites, possédant à la fois une forte identité géologique et un caractère anthropique certain, les mortiers sont considérés comme étant des marqueurs chronologiques potentiels pouvant aider à la compréhension de l’évolution d’un bâtiment. Mais, au-delà des problèmes de chronologie, l’étude du mortier de chaux, qui représente près de la moitié du volume d’une maçonnerie, a permis également de progresser sur la connaissance de toute la chaîne opératoire associée. Ainsi, du four à chaux au…
À l’aube des villes antiques : vocabulaire de la cité et formes urbaines. – Introduction
2020
How to envisage research on the ancient city? What are the most appropriate instruments to analyse it? What are the relationships between the emergence of the city as an independent community and the urbanization as archaeology can restore it? Without claiming to resolve these difficult questions, the contributions gathered here show that urbanization and the definitions of the ancient city used by contemporary historians and archaeologists are far from being precisely determined; they can even vary according to the authors, disciplines, periods and contexts. As a consequence, there is no town, but towns; no city, but cities. The issue of a definition is also the evaluation of theories, in …
Using long-term ecosystem service and biodiversity data to study the impacts and adaptation options in response to climate change: insights from the …
2013
The International Long Term Ecological Research (ILTER) network can coordinate ecological research to provide observations of the ecosystem changes, and their socio-economic impacts on human societies at different scales. In this paper we demonstrate the importance of the ILTER network in the study and monitoring of environmental changes at a global level. We give examples of how biodiversity and ecosystem service data can be used to study impacts and adaptation options in response to climate change. Analysis of the 107 recent publications from LTER networks representing 21 countries show that LTER studies are often local and heterogeneous. There are some ecosystem types, such as agricultur…
Pathways towards a sustainable future envisioned by early-career conservation researchers
2021
Scientists have warned decision-makers about the severe consequences of the global environmental crisis since the 1970s. Yet ecological degradation continues and little has been done to address climate change. We investigated early-career conservation researchers' (ECR) perspectives on, and prioritization of, actions furthering sustainability. We conducted a survey (n = 67) and an interactive workshop (n = 35) for ECR attendees of the 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology (2018). Building on these data and discussions, we identified ongoing and forthcoming advances in conservation science. These include increased transdisciplinarity, science communication, advocacy in conservati…
Flore turonienne des silex fossilifères de Châtellerault (Ouest de la France)
2018
International audience; Three new localities yielding fossiliferous flints are reported from the Châtellerault area (Vienne, western France). They include one archaeological site (La Grande Vallée) and two zones with alterite deposits (L’Aunas and Les Bariollières). Broken surfaces of flint nodules show co-occurrence of marine invertebrates such as bryozoans, echinoids (Micraster Agassiz, Orthopsis Cotteau), gastropods (Acteonella d’Orbigny), rudists, and sponges. The association of Acteonella, Micraster and Orthopsis confirms the Turonian age (Upper Cretaceous) of the fossil assemblage. The marine invertebrates co-occur with plant macroremains including fragments of conifer leafy axes such…
Eucynodont teeth from the Late Triassic of Krasiejów, Southern Poland
2021
Recent discoveries of Mammaliamorph teeth in the Keuper of southern Poland have extended the global record of eucynodonts in the Late Triassic and revealed a significant diversity of the group at that time. Here,we expand on this record with the description of new cynodont postcanine teeth from the Krasiejów bone bed. They show the dental morphology typical for Dromatheriidae, with a single root and crown without cingulum. We assigned them to Polonodon woznikensis, described from Woźniki. None of the 38 teeth from Krasiejów and Woźniki exhibit signs of serious wear, potentially indicating a very fast rate of tooth replacement in Polonodon.
Evolutionary trends of Triassic ammonoids.
2015
The Triassic represents a key interval in the evolutionary history of ammonoids. Characterized by the dominance of the Ceratitida with their typical suture line indented on the lobes only, the Triassic quasi-monophyletic clade shows a remarkable biostratigraphic and geographic record. However, very few studies have thoroughly investigated their evolutionary trends, except for taxonomic richness. Although Triassic ammonoids show a very large range of morphologies, suture complexity and adult size, little is currently known about their trends, except for peculiar time intervals or taxonomic groups. Nevertheless, it seems that taxonomic diversity and morphological disparity of Triassic ammonoi…
Potential of science to address the hunger issue: Ecology, biotechnology, cattle breeding and the large pantry of the sea
2018
The knowledge about the real possibilities that current science gives us is basic to support everything that is not negative either for men or for our environment. In this way, it is an advantage to win this battle against hunger with rational use of science advantages. In this paper, we start from the basis that the solution to the problems of hunger requires the multidisciplinary action of sciences and knowledge. We provide a reflection on the possibilities to be considered from disciplines such as ecology, biotechnology, veterinary and aquaculture. The need for ecological studies where the role of human beings as part of ecosystems is considered. In addition, advances in molecular biolog…
Assessment of genetically modified maize MON 87403 for food and feed uses, import and processing, under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 (application EFS…
2018
GMO; maize (Zea mays); MON 87403; ear biomass; Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003; International audience; aize MON 87403 was developed to increase ear biomass at early reproductive phase through the expression of a modified AtHB17 gene from Arabidopsis thaliana, encoding a plant transcription factor of the HD-Zip II family. The molecular characterisation data and bioinformatic analyses did not identify issues requiring assessment for food and feed safety. No statistically significant differences in the agronomic and phenotypic characteristics tested between maize MON 87403 and its conventional counterpart were identified. The compositional analysis of maize MON 87403 did not identify differences…