Search results for "socioeconomic"
showing 10 items of 945 documents
Drug-Using Sex Workers in the Streets of Valencia
2002
Abstract In order to characterize factors that affect sex work and their influence on risk practices, this ethnographic study carried out in a barrio in Valencia describes female sex workers who use illegal drugs, some who inject drugs and some who do not. A study conducted ten years earlier had shown that women in this setting who injected drugs had more irregular work habits, were less selective about their clientele, took more risks of HIV infection, and lowered their prices and lengthened their working hours when compared to women who did not inject drugs. The current study found most of these contrasts to continue, but, through observation and in-depth interviews, characterized drug-us…
Parental and Familial Factors Influencing Physical Activity Levels in Early Adolescence: A Prospective Study
2020
Parental/familial factors are important determinants of the physical activity level (PAL) in children and adolescents, but studies rarely prospectively evaluate their relationships. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in physical activity levels among adolescents from Bosnia and Herzegovina over a two-year period and to determine parental/familial predictors of PAL in early adolescence. A total of 651 participants (50.3% females) were tested at baseline (beginning of high school education
Urban environment during early-life and blood pressure in young children
2021
Background: The urban environment is characterised by many exposures that may influence hypertension development from early life onwards, but there is no systematic evaluation of their impact on child blood pressure (BP). Methods: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured in 4,279 children aged 4-5 years from a multi-centre European cohort (France, Greece, Spain, and UK). Urban environment exposures were estimated during pregnancy and childhood, including air pollution, built environment, natural spaces, traffic, noise, meteorology, and socioeconomic deprivation index. Single- and multiple-exposure linear regression models and a cluster analysis were carried out. Results: In multi…
The Urban Exposome during Pregnancy and Its Socioeconomic Determinants
2018
Background: The urban exposome is the set of environmental factors that are experienced in the outdoor urban environment and that may influence child development. Objective: The authors’ goal was to describe the urban exposome among European pregnant women and understand its socioeconomic determinants. Methods: Using geographic information systems, remote sensing and spatio-temporal modeling we estimated exposure during pregnancy to 28 environmental indicators in almost 30,000 women from six population-based birth cohorts, in nine urban areas from across Europe. Exposures included meteorological factors, air pollutants, traffic noise, traffic indicators, natural space, the built environment…
Socioeconomic position and the effect of portion size reduction: a 1-day dietary behaviour experimental
2022
Energy labelling and availability interventions to promote healthier food choice across socioeconomic position
2021
Estimating the effect of early schooling on reducing the socioeconomic gap incognitive and non-cognitive outcomes
2022
Sustainable tourism in the rural areas of a Southern Italian region
2012
In the last few years, a significant interest has been observed about all the possible ways rural tourism is carried out, but especially concerning agritourism, which represents the main specific application. Rural tourism is a form of sustainable tourism since its pillar is constituted by both valorisation and conservation of the environmental and territorial situation where economic activity is carried out in tune with identity and culture of local communities. From the official statistical data, it brings out the fact that this economic activity, widely spread in the Italian territory, may provide a significant financial support both to agricultural firms and to the whole economic sector…
Anticipated future of Latvia and Russia during a global economic crisis: A mixed methods perspective
2014
This cross-cultural study explored subjective predictors of more positive evaluation of the future of the country during a global socioeconomic crisis. A sequential mixed-method design was chosen for an exploration of students? expectations in Russia and Latvia as countries contrasting in macro-contextual conditions. In 2009, Study 1 was designed as a thematic analysis of essays on topic ?The Future of Latvia/Russia?. The results demonstrated that the future of a country is anticipated by taking into account external influences, the present of the country, and its perceived power and stability. In 2011, Study 2 involved these themes as independent variables in a multiple regression model. T…