Search results for "socioeconomic"

The relationships between school belonging and students’ motivational, social-emotional, behavioural, and academic outcomes in secondary education: a…

2019

This meta-analytic review examines the relationships between students' sense of school belonging and students' motivational, social-emotional, behavioural, and academic functioning in secondary education. Moreover, it examines to what extent these relationships differ between different student groups (grade level, SES), measurement instruments, and region. The meta-analysis included 82 correlational studies, published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2018. Results revealed, on average, a small positive correlation with academic achievement, and small to moderate positive correlations with motivational outcomes such as mastery goal orientations; with social-emotional outcomes such …

Burden of illness of progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis in the US, UK, France, and Germany: study rationale and protocol of the PICTURE st…

2021

Background: Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is an ultra-rare disease with a considerable burden on pediatric patients and their caregivers, impacting quality of life (QoL). The mortality rates highlight a significant need for efficacious treatments. Real-world data on associated costs and QoL are needed to gauge the potential impact of new pharmacological treatments. Methods: Clinical and socio-economic burden of PFIC on patients/caregivers, health systems, and society will be assessed. Patient/caregiver- and physician-level retrospective cross-sectional data will be collected from the US, UK, France, and Germany, for PFIC types 1, 2, 3. A representative sample of physi…

Effect of Socio-Economic Status on Quality of Life in People Affected with Respiratory Allergy

2013

In the present study we investigated the impact of respiratory allergy on quality of life in young people, and examined whether socio-economic status modifies the above dependence. The study was conducted in 458 female and 363 male university students, aged 18–25. Information on socio-economic status (SES) was collected using a questionnaire. The occurrence of allergy was determined on the basis of answers to the questions whether the allergy and specific allergens were medically diagnosed. Quality of life (QoL) was based on the Polish version of the SF-36 test. Respiratory allergy or respiratory and food allergy were declared by 19.2 % of women and 19.0 % of men. The prevalence of allergy …

Breast cancer screening programmes: Challenging the coexistence with opportunistic mammography.

2014

Abstract Objective This study investigated predictive factors of women's participation in organized mammography screening (OrgMS) and/or opportunistic mammography screening (OppMS) when the two screening modes coexist. Methods Questionnaires were sent to 6,000 women aged 51–74 years old invited to attend an OrgMS session between 2010 and 2011 in France. Data collected concerned the women's healthcare behaviour and their socioeconomic characteristics. Women without a personal or family history of breast cancer that could explain their participation in OppMS were retained in the generalized logits analysis. Results The data of 1,202 women were analysed. Of these, 555 (46.2%) had attended OrgM…

The rational use of albumin in patients with cirrhosis and ascites

2004

Abstract Background. Ascites is one of the most frequent severe complications in patients with liver cirrhosis. The treatment of this chronic disease usually requires the prolonged use of albumin, frequently continued even after patients’ discharge from the hospital. Aims. Aim of the study was to define a consensus among Italian physicians with regard to the use of albumin in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and ascites. Methods. The study adopted the Delphi technique to conduct the consensus activities. All controversial issues related to the use of albumin were identified by the experts’ board and proposed to the 68 participating hepatology centres through two subsequent questionnair…

Proceso migratorio, condiciones laborales y salud en trabajadores inmigrantes en España (proyecto ITSAL)

2009

Objetivo: Describir el proceso migratorio (razones para emigrar, tiempo de residencia), la situación legal y las características personales, laborales y de salud de los inmigrantes con experiencia de trabajo en España. Métodos: Estudio transversal sobre una muestra estratificada por país de origen (Colombia, Ecuador, Marruecos y Rumanía), situación legal y sexo. Entrevista a 2434 trabajadores (57,4% varones). Se analiza la información sobre el proceso migratorio, las condiciones laborales, la situación de salud y las expectativas de vida y trabajo. Comparación de frecuencias por país de origen. Resultados: El 90% eran <45 años, principalmente con formación secundaria (51%). La mayoría emigr…

Sense of coherence as a mediator between hostility and health

2002

Abstract Objective: We proposed and tested a model in which low sense of coherence (SOC) was hypothesized to underlie the association between hostility and health problems. Methods: Structural equation modeling was based on cross-lagged 7-year follow-up data, relating to five measurement points in 433 female municipal employees. Results: The mediated model fitted well with the data. After adjustment for baseline characteristics, hostility was associated with increased risk of health problems, as indicated by records of sickness absences and poor self-rated health. Incorporating SOC into the model attenuated this association by 33–50%, depending on the indicator of health. The mediated effec…

A review of psychosocial factors and stroke: A new public health problem

2019

Abstract The role of psychosocial factors (PSF) in increased risk of stroke is a novel public health challenge, but unclear definitions for PSF and the multiple stroke subtypes have led to inconsistent reports. A review of this issue is therefore warranted. Methods Several databases were used for this narrative systematic review (Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library). Two independent reviewers evaluated articles from between 2001 and 2018 on the themes of PSF and stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA). PSF criteria were job strain, psychological interpersonal and behavioral stress, and social deprivation. Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and TIA subtypes were also identified. Results Forty-f…

Socio-economic status and depression in adolescents

2008

Ecological correlates of Spanish adolescents’ physical activity during physical education classes

2016

The public health benefit of school physical education (PE) depends in large part on physical activity (PA) provided during class. According to the literature, PE has a valuable role in public health, and PA levels during PE classes depend on a wide range of factors. The main objective of this study, based on ecological models of behaviour, was to analyse what personal, psychosocial and environmental factors were associated with moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) during PE lessons. The sample consisted of 189 adolescents (60.8% girls; M = 16.3 years, SD = 0.7) from nine high schools. PA was assessed by accelerometer. Differences in PA behaviour between the study groups were evaluated using the…