Search results for "socioeconomic"
showing 10 items of 945 documents
The urban rent in the multicultural city: retail shops, migrants and urban decline in the historic centre of Palermo [La rendita urbana nella città m…
2020
Changes in consumer shopping behavior and in retail spaces, such as shopping malls, department stores and e-commerce, have modified localization models of traditional retail shops, also affecting urban fabric and spatial distribution of urban rent. Even city centers have undergone significant transformations or even decline, especially if local economic system and real estate market are weak and recessionary. A significant amount of commercial properties may have long vacancy due to excess supply, since many traditional shops close their business because they are no longer competitive and, moreover, there is no immediate takeover by new tenants. The decline of central urban areas depends on…
How representative are referendums? Evidence from 20 years of Swiss referendums
2017
Direct democracy allows citizens to reverse decisions made by legislatures and even initiate new laws which parliaments are unwilling to pass, thereby, as its proponents argue, leading to more representative policies than would have obtained under a purely representative democracy. Yet, turnout in referendums is usually lower than in parliamentary elections and tends to be skewed towards citizens of high socio-economic status. Consequently, critics of direct democracy argue that referendum outcomes may not be representative of the preferences of the population at large. We test this assertion using a compilation of post-referendum surveys encompassing 148 national referendums held in Switze…
Lines of development in social research on disability in Finland between the years 1970–2010
2013
This article reviews the development of social research on disability conducted in Finland during the 40-year period from 1970 until 2010. The main focus is the connection of the research with the socioeconomic development of the country. The review starts from the emergence of a new disability service paradigm during the late 1960s. This new paradigm centred around the concept of rehabilitation, and had its roots in the birth of a postmodern welfare state during the same decade. The second shift began during the 1980s and was characterized by the precedence of human rights issues. Both of these changes paralleled international developments, but equally had their roots in the Finnish post-w…
Higher Socioeconomic Status Predicts Less Risk of Depression in Adolescence: Serial Mediating Roles of Social Support and Optimism.
2020
Family socioeconomic status (SES) is known to have a powerful influence on adolescent depression. However, the inner mechanisms underlying this association are unclear. Here, we explore this issue by testing the potential mediating roles of social support (interpersonal resource) and optimism (intrapersonal resource), based on the predictions of the Reserve Capacity Model (RCM). Participants were 652 adolescents (age range: 11-20 years old, Mage =14.55 years, SD = 1.82; 338 boys (51.80%)) from two junior and two senior high schools in Wuhan, China. They completed questionnaires measuring family SES, perceived social support, trait optimism, and depression. Results showed, as predicted, (1) …
Political community resilience in declining rural areas in Finland
2021
Abstract In this article, we study how declining rural communities build political resilience in Finland. Community resilience is an adaptive process through which rural communities try to maintain their viability in changed circumstances. This process does not entail a submissive attitude, but rather active agency and an effort to influence matters concerning the community’s well-being. We focus on the political dimension of resilience by identifying different local tactics that rural communities adopt to promote their own development following municipal mergers. We classify these tactics into three categories: cooperation, conflict and community-led development. The significant difference…
Social engagement from childhood to middle age and the effect of childhood socio-economic status on middle age social engagement: results from the Na…
2016
ABSTRACTSocial engagement has powerful effects on wellbeing, but variation in individual engagement throughout the lifecourse is wide. The trajectories may differ by gender and be affected by socio-economic status (SES). However, long-term development of social engagement is little studied and the effect of childhood SES on later-life social engagement remains obscure. We aimed to describe the social engagement development from childhood to middle age by gender and test the effect of childhood SES on middle age social engagement. Data (N=16,440, 51.3% male) are drawn from the on-going National Child Development Study, following British babies born in 1958. Social engagement was measured by …
The Institutions of Authoritarian Neoliberalism in Malaysia: A Critical Review of the Development Agendas Under the Regimes of Mahathir, Abdullah, an…
2018
After toppling the 61-year dominant Barisan Nasional through a historic election victory in May 2018, expectations are high for the new ruling government led by Mahathir Mohamad and the Pakatan Harapan to fulfil their promises for socio-economic reforms and regime change in Malaysia. But what have been the institutions of the prevailing regime that need to be reformed and changed? This article offers a critical review of the evolving development agendas since the 1990s of the successive governments of Mahathir Mohamad, Abdullah Badawi, and Najib Razak, each couched in different catchphrases: Wawasan 2020, Islam Hadhari, and 1Malaysia. A close reading of these programs suggests that their su…
Poziom rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego jako determinanta przestrzennego zróżnicowania stopnia zaspokojenia potrzeb gospodarstw domowych w Polsce
2018
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań dotyczących relacji pomiędzy poziomem rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego a poziomem konsumpcji i samooceną zaspokojenia potrzeb konsumentów w województwach w 2015 r. Celem badań było określenie siły wpływu zróżnicowania województw pod względem poziomu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego i konsumpcji na zróżnicowanie samooceny zaspokojenia potrzeb gospodarstw domowych.Analizie poddano zwłaszcza zróżnicowanie poziomu rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego województw, przestrzenne zróżnicowanie wybranych charakterystyk demograficznych i ekonomicznych gospodarstw domowych, samoocenę sytuacji materialnej oraz stopnia zaspokojenia wybranych grup potrzeb gospodarstw domowyc…
Does technical risk dialogue entail socioeconomic valuation? : The case of scientific dispute over copper corrosion in a spent nuclear fuel disposal …
2016
Among the proponents of nuclear power, the project for the safe and secure disposal of spent nuclear fuel (SNF) in Finland is often deemed as a success story. Opponents have had difficulties getting publicity for their claims about the risks of the project. Their most powerful arguments have been mostly ethical, but on technical issues the opponents have been in a weaker position than the proponents. However, recently the risk of corrosion in oxygen-free water has become subject to scientific controversy, possibly threatening even the realisation of the final disposal of spent nuclear fuel. In Sweden, this issue has been intensively debated since 2007, but only recently has this debate take…
"Ulkopuolisuuden olo" : tapaustutkimus peruskoulun keskeyttäneiden romaninaisten koulukokemuksista
2019
Artikkelissa tarkastellaan kolmen peruskoulun keskeyttäneen, vapausrangaistusta suorittavan romaninaisen kertomuksia koulukokemuksistaan. Tutkimusta varten toteutettiin jokaisen osallistujan kanssa kertomushaastattelu, johon sisältyi kolme tapaamiskertaa. Haastattelija kirjoitti kertomusluonnokset, joiden sisällöistä keskusteltiin osallistujien kanssa. Kertomuksista etsittiin haastateltavien nimeämiä koulun keskeyttämisen syitä sekä näiden tekijöiden yhteisvaikutuksia intersektionaalisuuden näkökulmasta. Lisäksi tarkasteltiin yhteenkuuluvuuden kokemuksia sekä tapoja, joilla osallistujat asemoivat itseään koululaisina. Koulun keskeytymisen osasyiksi osallistujat nimesivät muiden muassa syrji…