Search results for "soft"

showing 10 items of 9809 documents

Determination of the apparent activation energy of dielectric relaxation phenomena by means of the representation of ε” as a function of T at constan…

1984

Abstract The main purpose of this work is to justify the use of the positions of the maxima of e” versus T curves when calculating the apparent activation energy in secondary dielectric relaxations or in the relaxation associated with the glass transition. To exemplify this, phenomenological models as well as experimental results for methacrylic polymers are discussed.

Work (thermodynamics)Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsThermodynamicsGeneral ChemistryDielectricActivation energyCondensed Matter PhysicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterNuclear magnetic resonanceMaterials ChemistryRelaxation (physics)Dielectric lossGlass transitionMaximaCole–Cole equationJournal of Macromolecular Science, Part B
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Investigations on the linear friction welding process through numerical simulations and experiments

2012

Abstract Linear Friction Welding (LFW) is a solid-state joining process applied to non-axisymmetric components. LFW involves joining of materials through the relative motion of two components undergoing an axial force. In such process the heat source is given by the frictional forces work decaying into heat determining a local softening of the material and eventually bonding conditions. In the paper the authors present a designed and assembled laboratory fixture for LFW operations and the results of an experimental and numerical campaign aimed to weld steel parts. The dedicated fixture permitted to highlight the effect of the most important process parameters. Process conditions allowing ef…

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceProcess (computing)Mechanical engineeringWeldingFixtureWelding Friction Solid state bonding Finite element method (FEM)law.inventionProcess conditionslawFriction weldingAxial forceSettore ING-IND/16 - Tecnologie E Sistemi Di LavorazioneSofteningMaterials & Design
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Phase separation of an asymmetric binary fluid mixture confined in a nanoscopic slit pore: Molecular-dynamics simulations

2008

As a generic model system of an asymmetric binary fluid mixture, hexadecane dissolved in carbon dioxide is considered, using a coarse-grained bead-spring model for the short polymer, and a simple spherical particle with Lennard-Jones interactions for the carbon dioxide molecules. In previous work, it has been shown that this model reproduces the real phase diagram reasonable well, and also the initial stages of spinodal decomposition in the bulk following a sudden expansion of the system could be studied. Using the parallelized simulation package ESPResSo on a multiprocessor supercomputer, phase separation of thin fluid films confined between parallel walls that are repulsive for both types…

Work (thermodynamics)Materials scienceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)Spinodal decompositionCenter (category theory)FOS: Physical sciencesHexadecaneCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterMolecular physicschemistry.chemical_compoundMolecular dynamicschemistryPerpendicularSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)ParticleStatistical physicsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsPhase diagram
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Evaluation of building heating loads with dimensional analysis: Application of the Buckingham π theorem

2017

Abstract A detailed assessment of building energy performance requires a large amount of input data concerning building typology, environmental conditions, envelope thermophysical properties, geometry, control strategies, and several other parameters. Notwithstanding, the use of specialized software tools poses many challenges in regards to the retrieval of reliable and detailed information, setting a steep learning curve for engineers and energy managers. To speed up the preliminary assessment phase, it might be more convenient to resort to a simplified model that allows the evaluation of heating energy demand with a good level of accuracy and without excessive computational cost or user e…

Work (thermodynamics)Mathematical optimizationComputer science020209 energy02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesTRNSYS01 natural sciencesdynamic simulationsSoftware0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectrical and Electronic Engineeringdimensionless parameterEnvelope (mathematics)Simulation0105 earth and related environmental sciencesCivil and Structural EngineeringSettore ING-IND/11 - Fisica Tecnica Ambientalebusiness.industryMechanical Engineeringbuilding thermal balanceBuilding and ConstructionBuckingham π theoremBuckingham π theorembusinessEnergy (signal processing)Thermal energyDimensionless quantityEnergy and Buildings
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Monte Carlo Simulation of a Homopolymer−Copolymer Mixture Interacting with a Surface: Bulk versus Surface Micelles and Brush Formation

2008

Using Monte Carlo simulations of the bond fluctuation model, we study the formation of micelles in a confined mixture of asymmetric AB-diblock copolymers and homopolymers. The composition of the sphere-forming AB-diblock copolymers is fA = 1/8. The mixture is confined into a thin film. The film surfaces attract the minority component of the diblock with strength, eW. To efficiently sample the micelle size distribution and establish equilibrium between the surface and the bulk, we work in the semigrandcanonical ensemble, i.e. at fixed density and fixed chemical potential difference between the two types of chains, choosing a large incompatibility χN ≃ 100 (strong segregation regime). The com…

Work (thermodynamics)Morphology (linguistics)Polymers and PlasticsChemistryComponent (thermodynamics)Organic ChemistryMonte Carlo method02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesMicelle[PHYS.COND.CM-SCM] Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryAdsorptionChemical physicsMaterials ChemistryCopolymerStatistical physicsThin film0210 nano-technology[PHYS.COND.CM-SCM]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Soft Condensed Matter [cond-mat.soft]ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSMacromolecules
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Translocation time of periodically forced polymer chains.

2010

6 páginas, 11 figuras.-- PACS number(s): 36.20.-r, 05.40.-a, 87.15.A-, 87.10.-e

Work (thermodynamics)PeriodicityQuantitative Biology - Subcellular ProcessesTime FactorsPolymersGaussianThermal fluctuationsFOS: Physical sciencesChromosomal translocationCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterNoise (electronics)SynchronizationQuantitative Biology::Subcellular Processessymbols.namesakeMotionNanotechnologyStatistical physicsPhysics - Biological PhysicsScalingSubcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)MathematicsPhysics::Biological PhysicsQuantitative Biology::BiomoleculesCondensed matter physicsTemperatureFunction (mathematics)Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)FOS: Biological sciencessymbolsLinear ModelsSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics
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Crystallization of hard spheres revisited. II. Thermodynamic modeling, nucleation work, and the surface of tension

2018

Combining three numerical methods (forward flux sampling, seeding of droplets, and finite-size droplets), we probe the crystallization of hard spheres over the full range from close to coexistence to the spinodal regime. We show that all three methods allow us to sample different regimes and agree perfectly in the ranges where they overlap. By combining the nucleation work calculated from forward flux sampling of small droplets and the nucleation theorem, we show how to compute the nucleation work spanning three orders of magnitude. Using a variation of the nucleation theorem, we show how to extract the pressure difference between the solid droplet and ambient liquid. Moreover, combining th…

Work (thermodynamics)SpinodalMaterials scienceStatistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)010304 chemical physicsNucleationFOS: Physical sciencesGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamicsFluxHard spheresCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed MatterOrders of magnitude (numbers)01 natural scienceslaw.inventionPhysics::Fluid DynamicsSurface tensionlaw0103 physical sciencesSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryCrystallization010306 general physicsCondensed Matter - Statistical MechanicsThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Comparison of two serially coupled column systems and optimization software in isocratic liquid chromatography for resolving complex mixtures.

2012

Although there is a great deal of stationary phases having different selectivities (even practically orthogonal selectivities), these very rarely are taken as a factor to be optimized during method development. The chromatographer selects the stationary phase usually in a trial-and-error fashion (or based on the solute nature and expected interactions), and then optimizes continuous factors as the mobile phase composition, pH, temperature and flow-rate. However, the optimization of the stationary phase nature and column length (which are discrete factors) may be interesting. In this regard, the optimization of the coupling of individual columns may yield separations that are not possible wi…

Work (thermodynamics)SulfonamidesChromatographybusiness.industryChemistryOrganic ChemistrySerial portReproducibility of ResultsGeneral MedicineModels TheoreticalBiochemistryColumn (database)Analytical ChemistryConnection (mathematics)Set (abstract data type)SoftwareCoupling (computer programming)Stationary phasebusinessSoftwareChromatography LiquidJournal of chromatography. A
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Structure and Dynamics of the Quasi-Liquid Layer at the Surface of Ice from Molecular Simulations

2018

We characterized the structural and dynamical properties of the quasi-liquid layer (QLL) at the surface of ice by molecular dynamics simulations with a thermodynamically consistent water model. Our simulations show that for three low-index ice surfaces only the outermost molecular layer presents short-range and mid-range disorder and is diffusive. The onset temperature for normal diffusion is much higher than the glass temperature of supercooled water, although the diffusivity of the QLL is higher than that of bulk water at the corresponding temperature. The underlying subsurface layers impose an ordered template, which produces a regular patterning of the ice/water interface at any tempera…

Work (thermodynamics)TechnologyMaterials sciencephysics.chem-phFOS: Physical sciencesCondensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter010402 general chemistryThermal diffusivity01 natural sciencesPhysical ChemistryMolecular dynamicsEngineeringPhysics - Chemical Physics0103 physical sciencesWater modelPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry010306 general physicsSupercoolingPhysics::Atmospheric and Oceanic PhysicsChemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)cond-mat.softComputational Physics (physics.comp-ph)0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsCharacterization (materials science)General EnergyChemical physicsphysics.comp-phChemical SciencesSoft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)Glass transitionLayer (electronics)Physics - Computational Physics
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Early stages of beta2-microglobulin aggregation and the inhibiting action of alphaB-crystallin

2008

The interest of nucleation of protein crystals and aggregates (including oligomerization) spans from basic physics theory all the way to biophysics, nanophysics, clinical sciences, biotechnologies, food technologies and polymer-solvent interactions. Understanding nucleation within a theoretical framework capable of providing quantitative predictions and control of nucleation rates, or even the very occurrence of crystallization, is a long-sought goal of remarkable relevance to each of the above fields. A large amount of work has been aimed at such goal, but success has been so far rather limited. Work at our laboratory has more recently highlighted a direct link between nucleation rates and…

Work (thermodynamics)Time Factorssolvent-induced forceLightchaperonamyloid formationBiochemistrylight scatteringchemistry.chemical_compoundDynamic light scatteringStructural BiologyHumansScattering RadiationAlphab crystallinProtein Structure QuaternaryMolecular BiologyselfassemblyBeta-2 microglobulinpre-fibrillar aggregatesEnergy landscapealpha-Crystallin B ChainSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Crystallographyfree energy landscapeMonomerchemistryBiophysicsbeta 2-MicroglobulinSoftwareProtein Binding
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