Search results for "soil water"
showing 10 items of 840 documents
The age of vines as a controlling factor of soil erosion processes in Mediterranean vineyards
2018
Abstract Vineyards incur the highest soil and water losses among all Mediterranean agricultural fields. The state-of-the-art shows that soil erosion in vineyards has been primarily surveyed with topographical methods, soil erosion plots and rainfall simulations, but these techniques do not typically assess temporal changes in soil erosion. When vines are planted they are about 30 cm high × 1 cm diameter without leaves, the root system varies from 2 to over 40 cm depth, and sometimes the lack of care used during transplanting can result in a field with highly erodible bare soils. This means that the time since vine plantation plays a key role in soil erosion rates, but very little attention …
Rainfall simulation and Structure-from-Motion photogrammetry for the analysis of soil water erosion in Mediterranean vineyards
2016
[EN] Soil water erosion is a serious problem, especially in agricultural lands.Among these, vineyards deserve attention, because they constitute for the Mediterranean areas a type of land use affected by high soil losses. A significant problem related to the study of soil water erosion in these areas consists in the lack of a standardized procedure of collecting data and reporting results, mainly due to a variability among the measurement methods applied. Given this issue and the seriousness of soil water erosion in Mediterranean vineyards, this works aims to quantify the soil losses caused by simulated rainstorms, and compare them with each other depending on two different methodologies: (…
Understanding the role of soil erosion on co2-c loss using (13)c isotopic signatures in abandoned Mediterranean agricultural land.
2016
Understanding soil water erosion processes is essential to evaluate the redistribution of soil organic carbon (SOC) within a landscape and is fundamental to assess the role of soil erosion in the global carbon (C) budget. The main aim of this study was to estimate the C redistribution and losses using (13)C natural abundance. Carbon losses in soil sediment, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and CO2 emission were determined. Four bounded parallel plots were installed on a 10% slope. In the upper part of the plots, C3soil was replaced with C4soil. The SOC and δ(13)C were measured after 145.2mm rainfall in the upper (2m far from C4strip), middle (4m far from C4strip) lower (6m far from C4strip) t…
Exploring the use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) with the simplified ‘triangle’ technique for soil water content and evaporative fraction retriev…
2020
Participation of Dr. Petropoulos has been funded by the ENViSIoN-EO Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant (grant No 752094), part of the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme. Part of the present collaborative work was also materialised in the framework of a short Term Scientific Mission (STSM) of the HARMONIOUS Cost Action which financially supported Dr Petropoulos’ visit between 4 to 15 February 2020 to the Department of Engineering of the University of Palermo, Italy. Η συμμετοχή του Δρ. Πετρόπουλου χρηματοδοτήθηκε από το πρόγραμμα της Ευρωπαϊκής Ένωσης για Έρευνα και Καινοτομία «Oρίζοντας 2020», δράση Marie Sklodowska - Curie , έργο ENViSIoN-EO (αριθ. 752094). Επίσης μέ…
Pedogenic carbonates and carbon pools in gypsiferous soils of a semiarid Mediterranean environment in south Italy
2013
Abstract Soil carbonates are key features in soils of arid and semiarid environment, playing an important role from pedogenetic, landscape history, paleoclimatic and environmental points of view. The objectives of this work were (i) to study pathways of pedogenic carbonate (PC) formation, (ii) to distinguish between lithogenic and pedogenic inorganic C by using the natural C isotope abundance, and (iii) to estimate the soil C pools in a gypsiferous semiarid Mediterranean environment (Sicily, Italy). Five soil pedons developed on calcareous and non-calcareous parent materials from Holocene (10,000 years BP) to Upper Tortonian (7.2–5.3 Ma BP) in age were surveyed. During field soil descriptio…
The erosional response of Calcareous soils along a climatological gradient in Southeast Spain
1998
Abstract The erosional response of calcareous soils along a climatological gradient in Alicante, SE Spain was studied. The erosional response was defined in terms of indicators obtained from field rainfall simulation experiments and laboratory studies of soil aggregation. Measurements were made at seven sites on limestones and marls between Benidorm with an annual average rainfall of 400 mm yr −1 and Coll de Rates (annual rainfall 900 mm yr −1 ). The sites were on matorral vegetation affected to varying intensities by grazing and fire. At the seven locations, soil aggregation was studied by sieving, by the single water drop test and by a Microscan particle-sizer. Rainfall simulation experim…
The effect of ant mounds on overland flow and soil erodibility following a wildfire in eastern Spain
2010
This study examines the soil hydrological and erosional effects of ant mounds during summer and winter conditions following a wildfire in scrub terrain in eastern Spain. Forty rainfall simulations (1 m2 plots, 1 h duration, 78 mm h−1 intensity) were carried out over plots with mounds (n = 20) and mound-free control plots (n = 20) in August 2002, and repeated in December. By winter, some of the mound material had been removed and some vegetation regrowth occurred. Overall, mound presence increased soil erodibility in summer and winter due to the availability of highly erodible mound material. However, mound plots showed higher mean overland flow rates in summer (10·1 vs 6·9% for control plot…
Soil wettability, runoff and erodibility of major dry-Mediterranean land use types on calcareous soils
2007
This study examines six land uses (pine woodland, long unburnt scrubland, recently burnt scrubland, orange grove, olive grove and cereal crop), typical for calcareous soils in a dry-Mediterranean region such as eastern Spain, with regard to soil surface water repellency occurrence, hydrological response and erodibility. For each land use, we performed water drop penetration time (WDPT) tests and rainfall simulations respectively on in situ soils at ten replicate plots for extremely dry antecedent conditions in summer 2002 and for wet winter conditions, in early 2003 in the Canyoles river valley. In contrasts to what might have been expected, water repellency was absent or subcritical (WDPT …
Magnitude-frequency analysis of water redistribution along a climate gradient in Spain
1999
Abstract Banded patterns in soils and vegetation form part of important discontinuities on semi-arid slopes in Spain. At fine scales (
Influence of the rainfall measurement interval on the erosivity determinations in the Mediterranean area
2006
Summary The single-storm erosion index, EI, of the USLE and RUSLE models may vary appreciably with the rainfall measurement interval, Δ t . However, the effect of Δ t on EI has not been investigated in the Mediterranean area. Approximately 700 erosive events and 1.5 years of rainfall energies measured by a rainfall impact measurement device were used to evaluate the effect of the rainfall measurement interval (5 min ⩽ Δ t ⩽ 60 min) on the erosivity determinations in the Mediterranean semi-arid area of Sicily. According to both literature and practical considerations, a reference time interval equal to 15 min was used in this investigation. Hourly rainfall data led to an appreciable underes…