Search results for "soil"

Microbial community dynamics induced by rewetting dry soil: summer precipitation matters

2015

The massive soil CO2 efflux associated with rewetting dry soils after the dry summer period significantly contributes to the annual carbon budget of Mediterranean grasslands. Rapid reactivation of soil heterotrophic activity and available carbon are both required to fuel the CO2 pulse. Better understanding of the effects of altered summer precipitation on the metabolic state of indigenous microorganisms may be important in predicting future changes in carbon cycling. We investigated the effects of a controlled rewetting event on the soil CO2 efflux pulse and on the present (DNA-based) and potentially active (rRNA-based) soil bacterial and fungal communities in intact soil cores previously s…

A strategy for taking soil carbon into the policy arena

2015

Chapitre 5 Section 1 SPE EcolDur; International audience; Soil organic carbon (SOC) has a relatively low profile in the policy arena. Here, we discuss the different steps of the policy-making process as well as the actors involved at the local, national and international scale. The first part analyses the policy-making process. The policy imperative consists of building up and maintaining SOC. The policy profile and discourse focuses on raising awareness. The policy rationale includes the economic and social benefits as well as the soil as capital. The policy support concerns the tools and programmes available. The second part of the chapter deals with the actors, from the advocates and ins…

Soil microbial diversity matters for denitrification and reduction of the greenhouse gas N2O

2016

Biological causes of cornflower regression

2012

International audience; Agroecosystems are currently experiencing high biodiversity loss. This decline results from intensive cropping systems. However, not all the anciently present weeds respond similarly. There should be specific biological traits that render some species more prone to disappear from arable fields than others. Investigating the biological causes of regression could inform about management strategies in changing agricultural farming systems. In this report we focus on cornflower (Centaurea cyanus) that is an emblem of the flora associated with traditional cereals in Europe. It is currently disappearing from Western regions. Several traits were investigated as seed longevi…

Change in nitrate reducer community structure in wheat residue amended soil revealed by stable isotope probing

2007

Wet-up response of the microbial community is shaped by soil dry-down patterns

2015

Background/Question/Methods The massive soil CO2 efflux associated with rewetting dry soils after the dry summer period significantly contributes to the annual carbon budget of Mediterranean grasslands. Rapid reactivation of soil heterotrophic activity and available carbon are both required to fuel the CO2 pulse. Better understanding of the effects of altered summer precipitation on the metabolic state of indigenous microorganisms may be important in predicting future changes in carbon cycling. We investigated the effects of a controlled rewetting event on the soil CO2efflux pulse and on the present (DNA-based) and potentially active (rRNA-based) soil bacterial and fungal communities in int…

Involvement of communication systems during the sessile growth of Listeria monocytogenes

2007

International audience

Changing summer precipitation pattern alters microbial community response to fall wet-up in a Mediterranean soil

2014

The large soil CO2 efflux associated with rewetting dry soils after the dry summer period significantly contributes to the annual carbon budget of Mediterranean grasslands. Rapid reactivation of soil heterotrophic activity and a pulse of available carbon are both required to fuel the CO2 pulse. Better understanding of the effects of altered summer precipitation on the metabolic state of indigenous microorganisms may be important in predicting future changes in carbon cycling. Here, we investigated the effects of a controlled rewetting event on the soil CO2 efflux pulse and on the present (DNA-based) and potentially active (rRNA-based) soil bacterial and fungal communities in intact soil cor…

Factors influencing spatial patterns of activity of denitrifying bacteria in a grassland soil

2008

International audience

Les causes biologiques de la régression du bleuet (Centaurea cyanus L.)

2012

National audience; Dans les agroécosystèmes, un déclin de la diversité biologique causé par l’intensification des pratiques agricoles est actuellement observé. Parmi les espèces adventices, toutes ne répondent pas de la même façon à ces changements. Des traits biologiques spécifiques pourraient expliquer le déclin de certaines et la réussite d’autres. Ainsi, mieux comprendre les causes biologiques de la régression permettrait de mettre en place des stratégies de gestion dans ces systèmes agricoles intensifs. Le bleuet (Centaurea cyanus L.) est une messicole spécialiste de l’agroécosystème qui est actuellement en régression dans l’ouest de l’Europe . Cette espèce est par ailleurs considérée …