Search results for "source"
showing 10 items of 6139 documents
The Desalination Process Driven by Wave Energy: A Challenge for the Future
2016
The correlation between water and energy is currently the focus of several investigations. In particular, desalination is a technological process characterized by high energy consumption; nevertheless, desalination represents the only practicable solution in several areas, where the availability of fresh water is limited but brackish water or seawater are present. These natural resources (energy and water) are essential for each other; energy system conversion needs water, and electrical energy is necessary for water treatment or transport. Several interesting aspects include the study of saline desalination as an answer to freshwater needs and the application of renewable energy (RE) devic…
Sustainability of the Renewable Energy Extraction Close to the Mediterranean Islands
2017
The aim of this work is to explore the possibility of transitioning a fuel powered island to a renewable powered one. This transition is analyzed for the real MV/LV distribution system of the island of Pantelleria, in the Mediterranean Sea. Particularly, this work is focused on a renewable source nowadays totally unused: wave energy. Thanks to the innovative generator prototype designed by Department of Energy of University of Palermo (Italy), wave energy is able to represent a primary source for the production of electric energy in the Mediterranean islands. The procedures applied in the present article, as well as the main equations used, are the result of previous applications made in di…
Designing a Sustainable University Recharge Area for Electric Vehicles: Technical and Economic Analysis
2017
This article addresses the technical and economic challenges regarding the design of a “green” recharge area for electric vehicles at the University of Palermo in order to reduce costs and pollution connected to the charging process. Based on the behaviour of the student population, the electrical load is identified and two possible solutions are evaluated to manage the peak load: an orientation of the panels increasing the power at defined time and the use of a storage system. The main strength and weakness points of two systems are investigated by taking into account the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), which reaches 75.3 €/MWh for the orientation of panel and 103 €/MWh for the storage sy…
Evaluation of the Water Scarcity Energy Cost for Users
2013
Abstract: In systems experiencing water scarcity and consequent intermittent supply, users often adopt private tanks that collect water during service periods and supply users when the service is not available. The tank may be fed by gravity or by private pumping stations depending on the network pressure level. Once water resources are collected, the tank can supply users by gravity if it is located on the rooftop or by additional pumping if underground. Private tanks thus increase the energy cost of the water supply service for users by introducing several small pumping structures inside the network. The present paper aims to evaluate this users’ energy cost for different private tank con…
Scalable and Privacy-Preserving Admission Control for Smart Grids
2015
International audience; Energy demand and production need to be constantly matched in the power grid. The traditional paradigm to continuously adapt the production to the demand is challenged by the increasing penetration of more variable and less predictable energy sources, like solar photovoltaics and wind power. An alternative approach is the so called direct control of some inherently flexible electric loads to shape the demand. Direct control of deferrable loads presents analogies with flow admission control in telecommunication networks: a request for network resources (bandwidth or energy) can be delayed on the basis of the current network status in order to guarantee some performanc…
Experimental validation of a general model for three phase inverters operating in healthy and faulty modes
2012
The paper presents the experimental verification of a general mathematical model of Voltage Source Inverters (VSI) able to simulate fault conditions and which is also useful for the simulation of fault-tolerant systems for different applications. In general, in the past, the problem of faulty inverters modeling has been addressed specifically by considering faults on the different phases as separate cases. Furthermore, traditional models include only the faulty mode and not the healthy mode, so resulting then not able to predict transient phenomena. The model hereafter presented overcomes this drawback. It was formulated by introducing the concept of “healthy leg binary variables”. Such var…
A Graphical User Interface as a DSS Tool for GHG Emission Estimation from Water Resource Recovery Facilities
2017
A Grafical User Interface (GUI) for the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from WWTPs based on four models aimed at quantifying the gas emissions from the aerated tanks (i.e. CAS and MBR reactor), aerobic digesters, secondary clarifiers and anaerobic digesters have been englobed in a GUI in order to provide a valid decision support system (DSS) to the practitioners. The GUI allows to estimate such emissions for the different WWTP phases considered. The GUI has been developed on MATLAB platform and provides as output the GHG emissions in terms of CO2 and N2O fluxes.
OLSR Mesh Networks for Broadband Access: Enhancements, Implementation and Deployment
2008
In the context of an EU FP6 project, ADHOCSYS, we have developed a reliable and cost-effective solution for broadband Internet access in rural and mountainous areas. This solution is built based on multi-hop wireless mesh networking technologies and covers many aspects such as routing, reliability, QoS, security, self-configuration, self-healing, remote network monitoring, power management etc. In this paper, we present solely the routing aspect of the developed mesh network, focusing on new routing features that have been designed, implemented, and deployed in a real-life operational network. These new features are developed based on an extended version of the OLSR protocol. The test resul…
Environmental management of granite slab production from an industrial ecology standpoint
2014
Abstract The granite production chain is high energy and water intensive with low resource efficiency. This paper focus on characterizing the potential for environmental improvement of the granite production chain by promoting the optimization of sawing technology, the implementation of rainwater harvesting (RWH) and the material recovery of wasted granite (sludge). The environmental performance of multi-blade gangsaw (MBGS) and diamond multi-wire saw (DMWS) technologies is compared by mean of life cycle assessment. Results demonstrate that DMWS technology contribute 30% of water savings, 40% of energy savings and 80% of material savings per square meter of polished granite tiles (60 x 40 x…
Uncertainty evaluation in the measurements for the electric power quality analysis
2013
The paper deals with the uncertainty estimation in the measurements performed to assess the electric power quality. In a first steps, according to the 'ISO - Guide to Expression of the Uncertainty in Measurements' all the error sources, which give a significant contribution to the combined uncertainty associated to the measurement results, are identified. Successively, in order to analyze how the errors propagate through the measurement chain, a Monte Carlo based approach is proposed. The method exploits an ad-hoc developed simulator of the measurement process, which takes into account the particular way of propagation of all the identified error sources. Eventually, with the aim of validat…