Search results for "spain"
showing 10 items of 2556 documents
Job stress and emotional exhaustion at work in Spanish workers: Does unhealthy work affect the decision to drive?
2020
Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the relationships among the following elements: unhealthy work indicators (job stress and emotional exhaustion at work), the decision to drive (or not), and driving crashes suffered by Spanish workers. Methods For this cross-sectional study, a full sample of 1,200 Spanish drivers (44% women and 56% men) was used, their mean age being 42.8 years. They answered a questionnaire divided into three sections: demographic and driving-related data; burnout, job stress, and life stress; and self-reported road behaviors and driving safety indicators. Results Overall, 41.6% of drivers reported emotional exhaustion at work. Furthermore, 80.2% of the pa…
Prevalence of enamel defects in primary and permanent teeth in a group of schoolchildren from Granada (Spain)
2012
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the prevalence and presentations of developmental defects of the enamel (DDE) in the primary and permanent dentitions of a group of healthy schoolchildren residing in Granada (Spain). Study Design: A total of 1,414 healthy schoolchildren were examined using modified DDE criteria for recording enamel defects. Results: The prevalence of DDE of any type was 40.2% in primary dentition and 52% in permanent dentition (p<0.033). Of the 31,820 primary and permanent teeth examined in the study, 699 (4.1%) primary and 1,232 (8.3%) permanent teeth had some form of DDE. Diffuse opacity was the most common type of DDE observed in primary …
Translation and Test–Retest of the Spanish Podiatry Health Questionnaire (PHQ-S)
2018
Background: The Podiatric Health Questionnaire (PHQ) is a health-related questionnaire consisting of six questions designed for measuring foot health status. To date, the PHQ has only been validated in the English-language version. Thus, this study aimed to perform the Spanish translation and test&ndash
Factors associated with edentulousness in an elderly population in Valencia (Spain)
2013
Objective: To determine the prevalence of edentulism and its association with various socioeconomic factors and oral health habits in the population aged 65-74 years old in the region of Valencia. Methods: A cross sectional study was designed. Thirty-four primary health centers and five nursing homes were chosen at random in the region of Valencia (10-15 voluntary participants per sampling point). Clinical examinations were carried out by three calibrated dentists (kappa>0.85) in the same centers. The total sample consisted of 531 individuals (235 men and 296 women). Results: The percentage of toothlessness was 20.7% and the mean number of natural teeth present was 14.92. The prevalence …
Effects of total dietary polyphenols on plasma nitric oxide and blood pressure in a high cardiovascular risk cohort. The PREDIMED randomized trial
2014
© 2014 Elsevier B.V. Background and aim: Hypertension is one of the main cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly. The aims of this work were to evaluate if a one-year intervention with two Mediterranean diets (Med-diet) could decrease blood pressure (BP) due to a high polyphenol consumption, and if the decrease in BP was mediated by plasma nitric oxide (NO) production. Methods and results: An intervention substudy of 200 participants at high cardiovascular risk was carried out within the PREDIMED trial. They were randomly assigned to a low-fat control diet or to two Med-diets, one supplemented with extra virgin olive oil (Med-EVOO) and the other with nuts (Med-nuts). Anthropometrics and …
Association of the rs4988235 in the lactase gene with obesity and its modulation by dairy products in a Mediterranean population
2011
The -13910C>T polymorphism (rs4988235) upstream from the lactase (LCT) gene, strongly associated with lactase persistence (LP) in Europeans, is emerging as a new candidate for obesity. We aimed to analyze the association of this polymorphism with obesity-related variables and its modulation by dairy product intake in an elderly population. We studied 940 high-cardiovascular risk Spanish subjects (aged 67 ± 7 years). Dairy product consumption was assessed by a validated questionnaire. Anthropometric variables were directly measured, and metabolic syndrome-related variables were obtained. Prevalence of genotypes was: 38.0% CC (lactase nonpersistent (LNP)), 45.7% CT, and 16.3% TT. The CC genot…
Biomonitoring of 20 elements in urine of children. Levels and predictors of exposure
2015
The levels of 20 elements in the urine of one hundred twenty children (Ages 6-11) from an agricultural and an urban area of Valencia Region, Spain, were assessed. The seven essential elements analysed (Co, Cu, Mn, Mo, Se, V, Zn) presented average concentrations (geometric mean) ranging from 0.22 µg L(-1) to 63 µg L(-1) (except Zn with 525 µg L(-1)). Eight out of the 13 toxic elements determined (As, Ba, Cd, Cs, Ni, Pb, Tl, Hg) had frequencies of detection of 100%, with geometric mean concentrations from 0.17 µg L(-1) (Cd) to 33.6 µg L(-1) (As). About 18% of children revealed urinary levels of total As higher than the normal range of 100 µg L(-1) accepted by the ATSDR. The urine analysis was…
Cohort profile: the Hortega Study for the evaluation of non-traditional risk factors of cardiometabolic and other chronic diseases in a general popul…
2019
PURPOSE: The Hortega Study is a prospective study, which investigates novel determinants of selected chronic conditions with an emphasis on cardiovascular health in a representative sample of a general population from Spain. PARTICIPANTS: In 1997, a mailed survey was sent to a random selection of public health system beneficiaries assigned to the University Hospital Rio Hortega's catchment area in Valladolid (Spain) (n=11 423, phase I), followed by a pilot examination in 1999-2000 of 495 phase I participants (phase II). In 2001-2003, the examination of 1502 individuals constituted the Hortega Study baseline examination visit (phase III, mean age 48.7 years, 49% men, 17% with obesity, 27% cu…
Polymorphisms in endothelin system genes, arsenic levels and obesity risk.
2015
Background/objectivesObesity has been linked to morbidity and mortality through increased risk for many chronic diseases. Endothelin (EDN) system has been related to endothelial function but it can be involved in lipid metabolism regulation: Receptor type A (EDNRA) activates lipolysis in adipocytes, the two endothelin receptors mediate arsenic-stimulated adipocyte dysfunction, and endothelin system can regulate adiposity by modulating adiponectin activity in different situations and, therefore, influence obesity development. The aim of the present study was to analyze if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the EDN system could be associated with human obesity.Subjects/methodsWe analyz…
Factors Associated with Influenza Vaccination of Hospitalized Elderly Patients in Spain
2016
Vaccination of the elderly is an important factor in limiting the impact of influenza in the community. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors associated with influenza vaccination coverage in hospitalized patients aged ≥ 65 years hospitalized due to causes unrelated to influenza in Spain. We carried out a cross-sectional study. Bivariate analysis was performed comparing vaccinated and unvaccinated patients, taking in to account sociodemographic variables and medical risk conditions. Multivariate analysis was performed using multilevel regression models. We included 1038 patients: 602 (58%) had received the influenza vaccine in the 2013-14 season. Three or more general practit…