Search results for "spectrum"
showing 10 items of 2043 documents
Autism spectrum disorders in children affected by Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
2019
Objective Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive neuromuscular condition that has a high rate of cognitive and learning disabilities as well as neurobehavioral disorders, some of which have ben associated with disruption of dystrophin isoforms. Recent studies have pointed to an increased risk for intellectual disability and autism among affected males.The aim of the present study was to describe a case series of children with DMD that have also the presence of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). they have been assessed by means of standardized autism scales and the monst appropriate psycho-educational treatment is herein discussed. Methods and Results In order to evaluate and iden…
Executive functioning in autism spectrum disorders: a case-control study in preschool children.
2019
Background: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are neurobehavioral and developmental conditions that include impairments in a triad of behavioral domains: social development, communication and repetitive behavior/obsessive interests. This case-control study aims to assess executive functioning in ASD preschoolers. Methods: A sample of 50 children participated in the study (24 males and 26 females; age ranged between 2.7 and 3.5 years). The study sample was subdivided into two groups: 25 ASD children and 25 typically developing children as a control group. All participants were administered the BRIEF-P test to assess executive functioning. Results: The two groups were counterbalanced for age an…
Executive functioning in preschool children affected by autism spectrum disorder: A pilot study
2017
Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a complex set of neurological dysfunction and development characterized by deficits in social and non-verbal interaction. Few studies have explored the executive functioning in ASD preschoolers. The aim of this pilot study is the assessment of executive functioning in preschool children with ASD. Material and methods: 8 ASD children (7 males, 1 female) mean age 3.09 (SD ± 0.83 years) were enrolled in the study and compared with a control group of 15 typically developing children (12 males, 3 females) (mean age 24.3 ± 0.61). All subjects underwent assessment of executive functioning with the BRIEF-P test. Results: The two groups were matched …
Theory of Mind Profiles in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Adaptive/Social Skills and Pragmatic Competence
2020
Theory of Mind (ToM) is one of the most relevant concepts in the field of social cognition, particularly in the case of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Literature showing that individuals with ASD display deficits in ToM is extensive and robust. However, some related issues deserve more research: the heterogeneous profile of ToM abilities in children with ASD and the association between different levels of ToM development and social, pragmatic, and adaptive behaviors in everyday life. The first objective of this study was to identify profiles of children with ASD without intellectual disability (ID), based on explicit and applied ToM knowledge, and compare these profiles with a group of ch…
Representation of ASD in mass media: analysis of a generalist newspaper
2020
Los medios de comunicación influyen notablemente en sus consumidores, por lo que no son meros informadores, sino que también son creadores de opinión. Este hecho es relevante para el ámbito de la inclusión, en tanto que las necesidades específicas de apoyo educativo son también un tema tratado por los medios de comunicación. En el presente estudio se analizan los artículos que abordan la temática relacionada con el Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA) en el diario El País durante el año 2017. Los resultados del análisis de contenido de los artículos indican que el TEA fue un tema de interés en el año 2017. Los contenidos más recurrentes fueron las causas del TEA, frecuentemente desmintiendo…
Diagnosi precoce dei disturbi dello spettro autistico: esperienza clinica e ruolo dei test genetici
2022
The case of an infant diagnosed with Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) associated to a maternal segregated micro duplication (Xp21.2 region involving IL1RAPL1 and NR0B1 genes) is described. The role of the genetic test in approaching the diagnosis and the therapy of ASD is discussed.
Metabolomics of Human Amniotic Fluid and Maternal Plasma during Normal Pregnancy
2016
Metabolic profiles of amniotic fluid and maternal blood are sources of valuable information about fetus development and can be potentially useful in diagnosis of pregnancy disorders. In this study, we applied 1H NMR-based metabolic profiling to track metabolic changes occurring in amniotic fluid (AF) and plasma (PL) of healthy mothers over the course of pregnancy. AF and PL samples were collected in the 2nd (T2) and 3rd (T3) trimester, prolonged pregnancy (PP) until time of delivery (TD). A multivariate data analysis of both biofluids reviled a metabolic switch-like transition between 2nd and 3rd trimester, which was followed by metabolic stabilization throughout the rest of pregnancy proba…
Observation of an Excited $B^{\pm}_c$ Meson State with the ATLAS Detector
2014
A search for excited states of the B±c meson is performed using 4.9 fb-1 of 7 TeV and 19.2 fb-1 of 8 TeV pp collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. A new state is observed through its hadronic transition to the ground state, with the latter detected in the decay B±c→J/ψπ±. The state appears in the m(Bc±π+π-)-m(Bc±)-2m(π±) mass difference distribution with a significance of 5.2 standard deviations. The mass of the observed state is 6842±4±5 MeV, where the first error is statistical and the second is systematic. The mass and decay of this state are consistent with expectations for the second S-wave state of the B±c meson, B±c(2S).
Importance of Propionibacterium acnes hemolytic activity in human intervertebral discs: A microbiological study
2018
Most patients with chronic lower back pain (CLBP) exhibit degenerative disc disease. Disc specimens obtained during initial therapeutic discectomies are often infected/colonized with Propionibacterium acnes, a Gram-positive commensal of the human skin. Although pain associated with infection is typically ascribed to the body's inflammatory response, the Gram-positive bacterium Staphylococcus aureus was recently observed to directly activate nociceptors by secreting pore-forming α-hemolysins that disrupt neuronal cell membranes. The hemolytic activity of P. acnes in cultured disc specimens obtained during routine therapeutic discectomies was assessed through incubation on sheep-blood agar. T…
Multi-doped Brookite-Prevalent TiO2 Photocatalyst with Enhanced Activity in the Visible Light
2018
© 2018 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature Abstract: Enabling solar and/or visible light-driven photocatalysis is a crucial step to access innovative applications in environmental science and sustainable energy. Titanium dioxide is the most used photocatalyst because of its low cost and toxicity, however it is also limitedly active under visible light irradiation due to its wide band gap. Among its polymorphs, brookite holds promising optoelectronic properties for visible light photocatalysis, which have to the best of our knowledge been limitedly exploited. Here, a C,S,N-doped brookite-based TiO2has been prepared via a rapid one-pot sol–gel synthesis. Besides subs…