Search results for "speech"

Coupling of Action-Perception Brain Networks during Musical Pulse Processing: Evidence from Region-of-Interest-Based Independent Component Analysis

2017

Our sense of rhythm relies on orchestrated activity of several cerebral and cerebellar structures. Although functional connectivity studies have advanced our understanding of rhythm perception, this phenomenon has not been sufficiently studied as a function of musical training and beyond the General Linear Model (GLM) approach. Here, we studied pulse clarity processing during naturalistic music listening using a data-driven approach (independent component analysis; ICA). Participants’ (18 musicians and 18 controls) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) responses were acquired while listening to music. A targeted region of interest (ROI) related to pulse clarity processing was defined…

Early Word Learning

2017

Mismatch brain response to speech sound changes in rats

2011

Understanding speech is based on neural representations of individual speech sounds. In humans, such representations are capable of supporting an automatic and memory-based mechanism for auditory change detection, as reflected by the mismatch negativity of event-related potentials. There are also findings of neural representations of speech sounds in animals, but it is not known whether these representations can support the change detection mechanism analogous to that underlying the mismatch negativity in humans. To this end, we presented synthesized spoken syllables to urethane-anesthetized rats while local field potentials were epidurally recorded above their primary auditory cortex. In a…

Same–different discrepancy in an exhaustive matching task

1988

In this study, we investigated in a multistimulus matching task the size of the discrepancy between response times for “same” and response times for “different” judgments. Frequently, results have shown that “same” judgments are faster than “different” judgments. Krueger (1984) found inversion in the speed advantage when stimuli were presented simultaneously and concluded that a self-termination factor would explain this result. In the experiment reported here, the subject had to exhaustively scan the whole set of items in the stimulus string. The analysis shows no significant interaction of presentation and response type; that is, the advantage for same stimuli is not reduced for simultane…

Hunting for the beat in the body: on period and phase locking in music-induced movement.

2014

Music has the capacity to induce movement in humans. Such responses during music listening are usually spontaneous and range from tapping to full-body dancing. However, it is still unclear how humans embody musical structures to facilitate entrainment. This paper describes two experiments, one dealing with period locking to different metrical levels in full-body movement and its relationships to beat- and rhythm-related musical characteristics, and the other dealing with phase locking in the more constrained condition of sideways swaying motions. Expected in Experiment 1 was that music with clear and strong beat structures would facilitate more period-locked movement. Experiment 2 was assum…

Multi-scale Modelling of Segmentation

2016

While listening to music, people often unwittingly break down musical pieces into constituent chunks such as verses and choruses. Music segmentation studies have suggested that some consensus regarding boundary perception exists, despite individual differences. However, neither the effects of experimental task (i.e., real-time vs. annotated segmentation), nor of musicianship on boundary perception are clear. Our study assesses musicianship effects and differences between segmentation tasks. We conducted a real-time experiment to collect segmentations by musicians and nonmusicians from nine musical pieces. In a second experiment on non-real-time segmentation, musicians indicated boundaries a…

The Shuffle Product: New Research Directions

2015

In this paper we survey some recent researches concerning the shuffle operation that arise both in Formal Languages and in Combinatorics on Words.

On the empirical spectral distribution for certain models related to sample covariance matrices with different correlations

2021

Given [Formula: see text], we study two classes of large random matrices of the form [Formula: see text] where for every [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] are iid copies of a random variable [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] are two (not necessarily independent) sets of independent random vectors having different covariance matrices and generating well concentrated bilinear forms. We consider two main asymptotic regimes as [Formula: see text]: a standard one, where [Formula: see text], and a slightly modified one, where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] while [Formula: see text] for some [Formula: see text]. Assuming that vectors [Formula: see t…

Lévy–Khintchine decompositions for generating functionals on algebras associated to universal compact quantum groups

2018

We study the first and second cohomology groups of the $^*$-algebras of the universal unitary and orthogonal quantum groups $U_F^+$ and $O_F^+$. This provides valuable information for constructing and classifying L\'evy processes on these quantum groups, as pointed out by Sch\"urmann. In the case when all eigenvalues of $F^*F$ are distinct, we show that these $^*$-algebras have the properties (GC), (NC), and (LK) introduced by Sch\"urmann and studied recently by Franz, Gerhold and Thom. In the degenerate case $F=I_d$, we show that they do not have any of these properties. We also compute the second cohomology group of $U_d^+$ with trivial coefficients -- $H^2(U_d^+,{}_\epsilon\Bbb{C}_\epsil…

The Neural Basis of Idea Density During Natural Spoken Language

2019

Idea density (ID) evolved as a quantification of propositional base structure. Besides its function as a measure of linguistic complexity, ID has also been used as an index of general linguistic ability. In order to find the neural basis for the processing of high or low ID during spontaneous speech, a sample of healthy adults was assessed using the functional resonance imaging (fMRI) technique; participants described pictures presented to them while in the scanner. Differential patterns of activation were observed for the low- and high-ID conditions, providing new insights into the processing correlates of ID.