Search results for "spray"

Nitration of cathepsin D enhances its proteolytic activity during mammary gland remodelling after lactation

2009

Proteomic studies in the mammary gland of control lactating and weaned rats have shown that there is an increased pattern of nitrated proteins during weaning when compared with controls. Here we report the novel finding that cathepsin D is nitrated during weaning. The expression and protein levels of this enzyme are increased after 8 h of litter removal and this up-regulation declines 5 days after weaning. However, there is a marked delay in cathepsin D activity since it does not increase until 2 days post-weaning and remains high thereafter. In order to find out whether nitration of cathepsin D regulates its activity, iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase)−/− mice were used. The expression…

Use of supercritical CO2 and N2 as dissolved gases for the atomization of ethanol and water

2012

Supercritical dissolved gas atomization (SDGA) is an atomization process in which a gas at temperatures and pressures above the critical point is used as the atomizing medium. The concept of SDGA has been applied mainly using CO 2 as atomizing gas in various processes developed for the production of fine particles of pharmaceuticals, polymers, and chemical products and for the atomization of fuels. In this work, SDGA, using ethanol and water as the liquids to be atomized, has been experimentally studied. The spray characteristics, in terms of droplet size and distribution, have been investigated using a laser diffraction analyzer. Ethanol has been chosen due to the large miscibility with CO…

Yttria-stabilized zirconia in-flight particle characteristics under vacuum plasma spray conditions

2009

This paper deals with the diagnostic yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) in-flight particles in Vacuum Plasma Spray (VPS) process using an optical measurement device. Particle velocity, temperature and diameter were correlated to spray distance under a fixed chamber pressure of about 14 kPa. Experiments were carried out with a two-color pyrometer. Results show that correlations can be satisfactory described with linear relationships. Particle velocity and temperature decrease when increasing spray distance whereas particle diameter exhibits a linear increase with the spray distance.

On the Derivation of the Boiling Curve in Spray Cooling from Experimental Temperature-Time Histories

2006

Spray-dried ‘green’ polyphenols-enriched extracts from waste bentonite to produce nutraceuticals for oral care

2023

Recognition of Li+ by a Salophen−UO2 Homodimeric Complex

2009

Self-assembly via mutual U-coordination of the salophen-UO(2) complex 1 creates a dimeric species which is shown to be useful for metal binding. Indeed, the 1 dimer has affinity for alkali metal cations and, interestingly, a marked selectivity for Li(+), determined by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and (1)H NMR techniques. X-ray diffraction helped in the elucidation of the dimeric complex structure, which presents a crown-ether-type coordination site, in analogy to the more familiar 12-crown-4, responsible for the metal interaction. Comparison with isomer 2, and the salen derivative 3, increases the understanding of the behavior of such systems in solution and in the solid state.

Triple bridged μ-phenoxo-bis(μ-carboxylate) and double bridged μ-phenoxo-μ1,1-azide/μ-methoxide dicopper(II) complexes: Syntheses, structures, magnet…

2013

Abstract The work in this paper presents syntheses, characterization, crystal structures, catecholase activity, electrospray ionization mass spectroscopy (ESI-MS positive), and magnetic properties of seven triple bridged μ-phenoxo-bis(μ-carboxylate) dicopper(II) complexes [CuII2L(μ-HCOO)2](ClO4)·CH3OH (1), [CuII2L(μ-CH3COO)2](ClO4) (2), [CuII2L(μ-CCl3COO)2(H2O)](ClO4) (3), [CuII2L(μ-CH3CH2COO)2](ClO4) (4), [CuII2L(μ-CH3CH2CH2COO)2](ClO4) (5), [CuII2L(μ-PhCOO)2](ClO4)·CH3CN (6) and [CuII2L(μ-o-ClPhCOO)2](ClO4) (7), one double bridged μ-phenoxo-μ1,1-azide system [CuII2L(μ1,1-N3)(N3)2] (8) and one double bridged μ-phenoxo-μ-methoxide system [CuII2L(μ-OCH3)(NCO)2] (9), derived from a new dinucl…

Diphenyltin(IV) complexes of the 5-[(E)-2-(aryl)-1-diazenyl]quinolin-8-olates: Synthesis and multinuclear NMR, 119Sn Mössbauer, electrospray ionizati…

2006

Abstract A series of cis-bis{5-[(E)-2-(aryl)-1-diazenyl]quinolinolato}diphenyltin(IV) complexes have been synthesized and characterized by 1H, 13C, 119Sn NMR, ESI-MS, IR and 119mSn Mossbauer spectroscopic techniques in combination with elemental analysis. The structures of a ligand L6H (i.e., 5-[(E)-2-(4-ethoxyphenyl)-1-diazenyl]quinolin-8-ol) and three diphenyltin(IV) complexes, viz., Ph2Sn(L1)2 · (CH3)2CO (1), Ph2Sn(L4)2 (4) and Ph2Sn(L5)2 (5) (L = 5-[(E)-2-(aryl)-1-diazenyl]quinolin-8-ol: aryl = phenyl – (L1H); 4′-methylphenyl – (L4H) and 4′-bromophenyl – (L5H)) were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. In general, the complexes were found to adopt a distorted cis-octahedral a…

Benzyl ions from 1,1-(2,2′-dimethoxyphenyl)-substituted 2-methylpropanes under electron ionization

2006

The electron ionization (EI)-induced fragmentations of a series of 1,1-(2,2'-dimethoxyphenyl)-substituted 2-methylpropanes (1-20) in both 70 eV and mass-analyzed ion kinetic energy (MIKE) spectra have been investigated. The EI-MS spectra of these compounds are characterized by the presence of abundant benzyl ions. These ions result from competitive hydrogen migration from the 2- and 2'-methoxy groups on the carbenium center of the diphenylmethyl cations formed by benzylic cleavage of the molecular ions. The relative abundances of the benzyl ions arising from such competitive processes are discussed and rationalized. The steric effect of the 3- or 3'-substituents is the main discriminating f…

Mononuclear rearrangement of heterocycles in zwitterionic micelles of amine oxide surfactants.

2012

Abstract Rate constants for the mononuclear rearrangement (MRH) of Z -phenylhydrazones of some 5-substituted-3-benzoyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles in water have been measured in the presence of zwitterionic micelles. The use of micellized N -tetradecyl- N , N -dimethylamineoxide (C 14 DMAO) as the reaction medium allowed to solubilize the otherwise water-insoluble oxadiazoles. Micellar rate effects were analyzed by using a simple pseudo-phase model and compared with those obtained in non-ionic micelles (Triton X-100). Evidence that both the rate of the rearrangement reaction and the binding of the substrates to the micelles are mainly governed by substrate hydrophobicity is obtained. The disagreement…