Search results for "spring"
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Effect of maternal high dosages of folic acid supplements on neurocognitive development in children at 4-5 y of age: the prospective birth cohort Inf…
2017
Background: The benefits of the use of folic acid supplements (FASs) during the periconception period to prevent neural tube defects and to ensure normal brain development in offspring are well known. There is concern, however, about the long-term effects of the maternal use of high dosages of FASs that exceed the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) (≥1000 μg/d) on child neurocognitive outcomes.Objective: The objective of the study was to examine the association between the use of high dosages of FASs during pregnancy and child neuropsychological development at ages 4-5 y.Design: The multicenter prospective mother-child cohort study, the Infancia y Medio Ambiente (INMA) Project, was conducted…
Iodine intake from supplements and diet during pregnancy and child cognitive and motor development: the INMA Mother and Child Cohort Study
2017
BackgroundThe effect of mild-to-moderate maternal iodine deficiency on the neuropsychological development of their offspring is uncertain. We aimed to assess the association between iodine status during pregnancy and the cognitive and motor development of children at 4–5 years.MethodsWe conducted a prospective cohort study in four Spanish regions with recruitment of pregnant women between 2003 and 2008 and follow-up of their children up to 4–5 years (mean (SD)=4.8 (0.6)). Cognitive and motor function was assessed in 1803 children using the McCarthy Scales of Children’s Abilities. Dietary iodine and supplementation were measured through questionnaires twice during pregnancy. Urinary iodine c…
Long-term health effects on the next generation of Ramadan fasting during pregnancy
2011
Each year, many pregnant women fast from dawn to sunset during the Islamic holy month of Ramadan. Medical theory suggests that this may have negative long-term health effects on their offspring. Building upon the work of Almond and Mazumder (2008), and using Indonesian crosssectional data, I show that people who were exposed to Ramadan fasting during their mother's pregnancy have a poorer general health and are sick more often than people who were not exposed. This effect is especially pronounced among older people, who, when exposed, also report health problems more often that are indicative of coronary heart problems and type 2 diabetes. The exposed are a bit smaller in body size and weig…
Reproductive outcome of women with 21-hydroxylase-deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia.
2006
Many women with 21-hydroxylase (21-OH)-deficient nonclassic adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH) carry at least one allele containing a severe mutation of CYP21, and as such are at risk for giving birth to an infant having classic adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Infants with NCAH typically are asymptomatic at birth, in contrast to those with CAH, but they do develop symptoms of hyperandrogenism later in childhood or as adults. This international multicenter study, conducted both retrospectively and prospectively, was an attempt to determine how often mothers with 21-OH-deficient NCAH bear infants having CAH or NCAH. The 101 women entering the study had a total of 203 pregnancies that could be evaluated. F…
Salivary cortisol and immunoglobulin A: responses to stress as predictors of health complaints reported by caregivers of offspring with autistic spec…
2012
In the caregiving model of chronic stress, few studies have been conducted with young middle-aged samples and no data exists about acute stress response in this population. To extend knowledge in this issue, health complaints and psychological, endocrine, and immunological responses to stress have been assessed in a cross-sectional sample of 41 parents of offspring with autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) in comparison with 37 non-caregiver parents. Salivary cortisol and immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels were measured before, during, and after a mental psychosocial stressor, while mood and state anxiety were evaluated before and after the stress. Health complaints, personality traits, socio-econom…
Reduced cardiovascular activation following chronic stress in caregivers of people with anorexia nervosa.
2017
Caring for offspring diagnosed with eating disorders (EDs) puts caregivers under high levels of chronic stress, which have negative consequences for their health. Unfortunately, caregivers have received little attention from mental health professionals. Chronic stress experienced by informal caregivers has been associated with the alteration of body homeostasis, and therefore, the functioning of various physiological systems. This could be the basis of health problems in informal caregivers of people with EDs. The main objective of this study was to analyze physiological response, in terms of heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), to an acute laboratory stressor in a sample of in…
Lack of institutional support entails disruption in cortisol awakening response in caregivers of people with high-functioning autism.
2013
Several studies have found disruptions in cortisol awakening response in informal caregivers. Institutional support may modulate these effects, and this study analyses how the health of caregivers is affected when institutional support is provided for families of people with high-functioning autism. Self-reported health, depression and cortisol awakening response were analysed in three groups: supported caregivers, non-supported caregivers and non-caregivers. Non-supported caregivers presented higher somatic symptoms and lower cortisol awakening response than the supported caregiver and non-caregiver groups. A high number of somatic symptoms and low functionality of offspring were related …
Hereditary angioedema with normal C1-INH withversuswithout specificF12gene mutations
2015
Background Hereditary angioedema with normal C1-INH may be linked to specific mutations in the coagulation factor 12 (FXII) gene (HAE-FXII) or mutations in genes that are still unknown (HAE-unknown). To assess the differences in transmission and inheritance, clinical features, and laboratory parameters between patients with HAE-FXII and HAE-unknown. Methods Sixty-nine patients with HAE-FXII from 23 unrelated families and 196 patients with HAE-unknown from 65 unrelated families were studied. Results Both HAE-FXII and HAE-unknown are inherited as autosomal-dominant traits with incomplete penetrance. The male to female ratio was 1 : 68 in HAE-FXII and 1 : 6.3 in HAE-unknown. The maternal to pa…
Lower cardiovascular reactivity to acute stress in informal caregivers of people with autism spectrum disorder than in non-caregivers: Implications f…
2015
Abstract Caring for offspring with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with chronic stress. Such a situation could alter body homeostasis, and in turn, physiological systems associated with the stress response and health, such as the autonomic nervous system. The primary aim of the present study was to compare the cardiovascular response with a set of mental tasks in parents of people with (n = 34) and without (n = 36) ASD. The secondary aim was to explore a potential relationship between cardiovascular response and self-reported health. Caregivers had lower sympathetic activity than non-caregivers, especially during the acute stress period. Higher sympathetic activity was related …
Increased Familial Clustering of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases
2011
Data regarding familial prevalence and recurrence risk ratio of autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD) in Germany are lacking. The data from 179 German families of AITD patients encompassing 1 229 relatives were collected using standardized clinical and laboratory diagnostic criteria. Of this large collective, 86 AITD index cases with their 139 children and 106 AITD index cases with their 157 siblings were included. The familial prevalence was estimated by the recurrence risk ratio. This quotient indicates whether first degree relatives display an increased risk for developing AITD, compared with the general population. AITD were present in 14 of children and 15 of siblings of patients with AIT…