Search results for "state of charge"
showing 9 items of 19 documents
An optimization approach for efficient management of EV parking lots with batteries recharging facilities
2013
In this paper an optimization approach to devise efficient management strategies for Electric Vehicles parking lots is proposed. A Monte Carlo approach is used to evaluate the load consumption profile for groups of Electric Vehicles showing different features. The Monte Carlo approach allows to combine the different social and economical features affecting the commercial penetration of Electric Vehicles with the technical aspects. The basic feature to be assessed is the initial State Of Charge, which in turn depends on the distance travelled by the vehicle since the last recharge and thus by the usage of the vehicle (private, professional). The model is then used to optimize some objective …
Sensitive magnetometry reveals inhomogeneities in charge storage and weak transient internal currents in Li-ion cells
2020
The ever-increasing demand for high-capacity rechargeable batteries highlights the need for sensitive and accurate diagnostic technology for determining the state of a cell, for identifying and localizing defects, and for sensing capacity loss mechanisms. Here, we leverage atomic magnetometry to map the weak induced magnetic fields around Li-ion battery cells in a magnetically shielded environment. The ability to rapidly measure cells nondestructively allows testing even commercial cells in their actual operating conditions, as a function of state of charge. These measurements provide maps of the magnetic susceptibility of the cell, which follow trends characteristic for the battery materia…
A NEW REPRESENTATION OF ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS OPERATION USING FOURIER THEORY IN OPTIMAL SMART GRIDS MANAGEMENT
2012
This paper investigates the possibility to use a new modeling of Energy Storage Systems based on zero integral functions. Such functions represent the course of the energy level stored in batteries during the solution of optimal management problems in smart-grids. Storage devices, such as all the other components that are required to meet an integral capacity constraint along the dispatch time, must show the same State of Charge at the start and at the end of the timeframe considered for operation. In this paper, a set of sinusoidal functions have been used for the synthesis of the charge and discharge course of energy Storage Systems. Such representation allows to eliminate the difficult c…
High-rate cycling performance of lead-acid batteries with nanostructured electrodes
2021
In this work we present lead-acid batteries with nanostructured electrodes cycled with different C-rate from 1C (1 hour to complete charge) up to 30C (120 seconds to complete charge) and imposing a very deep discharge. In comparison to the parameters usually used for commercial batteries, these are much more stressful conditions in terms of cut-off and charge/discharge rate.
CO<inf>2</inf> reduction exploiting RES for EV charging
2016
The world is facing an urgent need to reduce emissions, limiting pollution for a better quality of life. This objective has to be reached by all cities and governments worldwide. This paper focuses on the field of transportation, which is greatly responsible for air pollution, mainly in cities and urban areas such as towns, airports and seaports. The diffusion of electric vehicles (EVs) enables a significant reduction of air pollutants emitted by combustion engines; however, their recharge can affect the total pollution by their increasing energy demand. A solution is the use of Renewable Energy Sources (RES) to charge EVs. This paper analyzes the feasibility of integrating EVs and RES, foc…
Ev charging station at university campus
2017
This paper faces the technical and economic challenges related to the design of a green recharge area for electric vehicles at the Campus of Palermo, Italy, with the aim of reduce both costs and pollution connected to the charging process. Based on the behaviour of the student population, the electrical load is identified and two possible solutions are evaluated to manage the peak load: an orientation of the panels increasing the power at defined time and the use of a storage system. The main strength and weakness points of two systems are investigated by taking into account the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE), which reaches 75.3 â¬/MWh for the orientation of panel and 103 â¬/MWh for stor…
Nanostructured lead acid battery for electric vehicles applications
2017
This paper presents an innovative lead acid battery, based on nanostructured active materials. Both charging time and specific energy are greatly enhanced in comparison with commercial lead acid battery. Starting from the extremely valuable performances of the nanostructured battery, also a circuital model, for application in electric vehicle traction, has been specifically developed. The circuital model has demonstrated that an enhanced nanostructured battery allows an increase of traveled distance by electric vehicles.
Field testing of repurposed electric vehicle batteries for price-driven grid balancing
2019
Abstract As electric cars become more widespread, the disposal and recycling of used batteries will become an important challenge. Typically, vehicle batteries are replaced if their capacity drops to 70–80% of initial capacity. However, they may still be useful for stationary applications. In this paper, results from a field test of a molten salt high-temperature electric vehicle battery repurposed as stationary storage for grid balancing are presented. In a previous study, we have shown that a mixed integer linear programming control strategy driven by a spot-market price for electricity is best suited for an implementation on hardware with limited computational resources. A 14-day experim…
Performance of Lead-Acid Batteries with Nanostructured Electrodes at Different Temperature
2018
In this work we present innovative lead-acid batteries with nanostructured electrodes, which are cycled in a wide range of temperatures typically of lead-acid commercial batteries (EN 61427-1: 2013). In comparison to parameters usually used to commercial batteries, much more stressful conditions in terms of cut-off, charge/discharge rate and discharge were imposed.