Search results for "steam distillation"
showing 10 items of 25 documents
Grapefruit essential oils inhibit quorum sensing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
2019
Citrus essential oils are used in food to confer flavor and aromas. The citrus essential oils have been granted as GRAS and could be used as antimicrobial additives to control bacterial quorum sensing from potential food bacterial pathogens. The chemical composition and inhibitory activity of Citrus paradisi (grapefruit) essential oils obtained by cold-pressed method (EOP) and cold-pressed method followed by steam distillation, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa were determined . The GC-MS analyses of the oil indicated the amount of the essential oil components was highest with D-limonene in both cases. However, the extraction method modified the chemical composition. EOP had higher amount of …
Characterization of an Italian biotype of clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) grown in a semi-arid Mediterranean environment
2002
An Italian spontaneous biotype of clary sage (Salvia sclarea L.) was evaluated for its suitability to be cultivated in a semi-arid area and for the influence of these growth conditions on the essential oil composition. Seeds gathered from a spontaneous biotype were sown directly in the field, using a seeding density calculated to achieve a plant population of 7 plants/m2. Essential oils from the inflorescences and leaves of plants harvested at full flowering and early seed ripeness stages were obtained by steam distillation and characterized by GC and GC–MS. The plants showed a good tolerance to the semi-arid growth conditions, yielding more than 700 flowers/plant and about 21 g seeds/plant…
Inhibitory Activity and Chemical Characterization ofDaucus carotasubsp.maximusEssential Oils
2017
The essential oils (EOs) of green seeds from Daucus carota subsp. maximus growing wild in Pantelleria Island (Sicily, Italy) were characterized. EOs were extracted by steam distillation, examined for their inhibitory properties against food-borne Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and analyzed for the chemical composition by gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS). Undiluted EOs showed a large inhibition spectrum against Gram-positive strains and also vs. Acinetobacter spp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) was in the range 1.25 â 2.50 μl/ml for the most sensitive strains. The chemical analysis indicated that D. carota subsp…
Essential oil components of orange peels and antimicrobial activity
2016
In this study, the orange peel of 12 cultivars of Citrus sinensis from central-eastern Sicily was employed to obtain essential oils and extracts. The ones were extracted through steam distillation, the others through extraction in hexane. Chemical constituents were evaluated in terms of qualitative and quantitative analyses by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Fifty-four components were identified in the steam essential oils and 44 in the extracts. In all the cultivars, the main component is d-limonene (73.9–97%); discrete percentages of linalool, geraniol and nerol were also found. Cluster analysis based on essential oils composition showed a certain degree of affinity between cultivar…
Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Potential of Artemisia arborescens L. Essential Oil
2011
This study was undertaken to characterize the essential oil (EO) of Artemisia arborescens growing wild in Sicily. EO, extracted by steam distillation, was examined for its chemical composition and for its capability to inhibit some food-borne pathogen bacteria. A total of 43 compounds (13 monoterpene hydrocarbons, 14 oxygenated monoterpenes, 10 sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, three oxygenated sesquiterpenes and less amount of other three compounds), which account 93.73% of the total oil, were identified by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Oxygenated monoterpenes (57.32%) constituted the main fraction, with β-thujone as the main compound (45.04%), followed by the sesq…
Citrus somatic hybrid leaf essential oil
2000
The essential oil from the leaves of a Citrus interspecific somatic hybrid obtained by symmetric protoplast fusion between ‘Milam’ lemon [purported sexual hybrid of C. Jambhiri Lush (×) C. sinensis] and ‘Femminello’ lemon (C. limon L. Burm f.) has been characterized by steam distillation GC–MS analysis and its composition compared with that of the corresponding oils obtained from the parent plants. The amount (%) of the different classes of substances present in the oils show, in the new hybrid, an overall lowering of the hydrocarbon fraction and an increase of the oxygenated components. The somatic hybrid shows a close similarity in the amounts of terpenes, sesquiterpenes and alcohols with…
Composition of the essential oil fromflowerheads ofChrysanthemum coronarium L.(Asteraceae) growing wild in Southern Italy
2004
The essential oils from the aerial parts of Chrysanthemum coronarium L. (Asteraceae) growing wild in two different localities of Southern Italy, Lascari (L) and Palinuro (P), were obtained by hydrodistillation in a 0.13-0.16% yield. The oils were analysed by GC and GC-MS; 68 constituents, amounting to 89.0% of the oil (L), and 43 constituents, amounting to 91.6% of the oil (P), were identified. The trans-spiroketal-enol ether 2-(2,4- hexadiynylidene)-1,6-dioxaspiro(4,4)non-3-ene (trans-tonghaosu) with chrysanthenyl and lyratyl esters and camphor were the main components of the oils. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical composition of the essential oils fromEriocephalus africanus L. var.africanus populations growing in Spain
2007
Essential oils from the aerial parts of three Eriocephalus africanus L. var. africanus populations were analysed by means of GC–FID and GC–MS. Sixty-one constituents were identified, representing more than 96% of the total oil composition. Artemisia ketone (56.46–56.58%), intermedeol (9.19–11.63%) and γ-eudesmol (4.26–5.64%) were the main compounds. Application of the Pearson correlation coefficient showed high similarity between the nine samples analysed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Composition of the essential oil ofPallenis spinosa (L.) Cass. (Asteraceae)
2003
The essential oil of Pallenis spinosa (L.) Cass. was obtained by hydrodistillation. In total 38 components were identified by GC and GC–MS. Oxygenated sesquiterpenoids amounted to 60.2% of the oil. The main components were germacra-1(10),5-dien-3,4-diol (18.4%), α-cadinol (14.1%), 3-acetoxygermacra-1(10),5-dien-4-ol (13.0%), T-cadinol (8.2%) and δ-cadinene (5.8%). The oil does not show antimicrobial activity. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil ofPhlomis ferruginea Ten. (Lamiaceae) growing wild in Southern Italy
2006
The essential oil of aerial parts of Phlomis ferruginea (Lamiaceae), growing wild in Southern Italy, was obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC and GC–MS. 60 compounds, representing 92.3% of the oil, were identified. The major components were β-caryophyllene (15.6%), hexadecanoic acid (12.8%), germacrene D (8.9%), caryophyllene oxide (6.7%) and α-thujone (5.5%). The evaluation of antimicrobial activity against some bacterial species has been tested. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.