Search results for "stroke."
showing 10 items of 1178 documents
Role of two sequence motifs of mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor in its survival-promoting activity
2015
AbstractMesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is a prosurvival protein that protects the cells when applied intracellularly in vitro or extracellularly in vivo. Its protective mechanisms are poorly known. Here we studied the role of two short sequence motifs within the carboxy-(C) terminal domain of MANF in its neuroprotective activity: the CKGC sequence (a CXXC motif) that could be involved in redox reactions, and the C-terminal RTDL sequence, an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention signal. We mutated these motifs and analyzed the antiapoptotic effect and intracellular localization of these mutants of MANF when overexpressed in cultured sympathetic or sensory neurons. …
Key lncRNAs involved in ischemic strokes
2022
NA
Neuroinflammatory mechanisms in ischemic stroke: Focus on cardioembolic stroke, background, and therapeutic approaches
2020
One of the most important causes of neurological morbidity and mortality in the world is ischemic stroke. It can be a result of multiple events such as embolism with a cardiac origin, occlusion of small vessels in the brain, and atherosclerosis affecting the cerebral circulation. Increasing evidence shows the intricate function played by the immune system in the pathophysiological variations that take place after cerebral ischemic injury. Following the ischemic cerebral harm, we can observe consequent neuroinflammation that causes additional damage provoking the death of the cells; on the other hand, it also plays a beneficial role in stimulating remedial action. Immune mediators are the or…
Effects of sauna bath on heart failure : A systematic review and meta-analysis
2018
Background: Sauna bath has potential as a lifestyle treatment modality for heart failure (HF). It is important to analyze the current evidence to help suggest paths of future study and potential for clinical application. Hypothesis: Sauna bath has a positive effect on HF patients. Methods: PubMed, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases were searched to identify randomized and nonrandomized controlled studies to compare effects of sauna bath with no sauna bath. Studies were searched for both infrared sauna bath and Finnish sauna bath. The strength of evidence was rated using a modified GRADE approach. Out of 1444 studies, nine met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Seve…
Ischemic stroke increases heart vulnerability to ischemia-reperfusion and alters myocardial cardioprotective pathways
2018
Background and Purpose— For years, the relationship between cardiac and neurological ischemic events has been limited to overlapping pathophysiological mechanisms and common risk factors. However, acute stroke may induce dramatic changes in cardiovascular function. The aim of this study was to evaluate how prior cerebrovascular lesions affect myocardial function and signaling in vivo and ex vivo and how they influence cardiac vulnerability to ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods— Cerebral embolization was performed in adult Wistar male rats through the injection of microspheres into the left or right internal carotid artery. Stroke lesions were evaluated by microsphere counting, tissue sta…
Evaluation of stroke volume variation obtained by arterial pulse contour analysis to predict fluid responsiveness intraoperatively
2009
Background Fluid management guided by oesophageal Doppler monitor has been reported to improve perioperative outcome. Stroke volume variation (SVV) is considered a reliable clinical predictor of fluid responsiveness. Consequently, the aim of the present trial was to evaluate the accuracy of SVV determined by arterial pulse contour (APCO) analysis, using the FloTrac™/Vigileo™ system, to predict fluid responsiveness as measured by the oesophageal Doppler. Methods Patients undergoing major abdominal surgery received intraoperative fluid management guided by oesophageal Doppler monitoring. Fluid boluses of 250 ml each were administered in case of a decrease in corrected flow time (FTc) to 10%. …
Pulmonary haemodynamics in obstructive sleep apnoea.
1995
In patients with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), pulmonary haemodynamics can show both transient perturbations during sleep and permanent alterations. During sleep, repeated fluctuations in pulmonary artery pressure and pulmonary wedge pressure, coincident with apnoeas, can be observed. Calculation of transmural pressure values is preferable to intravascular pressures in OSAS, due to the marked swings in intrathoracic pressure associated with obstructive apnoeas. Pulmonary artery pressure may progressively increase during sleep, particularly in close sequences of highly desaturating apnoeas. Apnoea-induced hypoxia appears as the most important determinant of this pulmonary artery …
Cardiac output following fetoscopic coagulation of major placental vessels in fetal sheep.
2008
Objectives To measure changes in cardiac output (CO) after partial cord occlusion in fetal sheep in order to investigate pathophysiological fetal adaptation mechanisms in a simulated acute placental insufficiency model under standardized conditions, with the aim of finding relevant methods for monitoring human fetuses during stress situations. Methods We used minimally invasive, percutaneous endoscopic techniques to close umbilical vessels in mid-gestational fetal sheep. Placental blood flow was reduced by preferentially closing first arterial and then the concomitant venous umbilical vessels within a short time interval. The investigations were carried out on 11 pregnant ewes at a median g…
In vitro cardiac performance in the sub-antarctic notothenioids Eleginops maclovinus (subfamily eleginopinae), Paranotothenia magellanica, and Patago…
1997
There is lack of information concerning species diversification in the Non-Antarctic Nototheniid fish both in relation with their variation in organismal performance and in the morphofunctional characteristics underlying this variation. This work was designed to study in three Sub-Antarctic Nototheniids, Eleginops maclovinus, Patagonotothen tessellata, and Paranotothenia magellanica, cardiocirculatory features that may reflect interspecific differences in organismal performance, which in rum may explain aspects of evolutionary and ecological diversity. Haematocrit values were similar in all three species (between 28 and 3?), being in the range of that observed in other red-blooded Nototheni…
Structural and Mechanical Characteristics of the Heart of the Icefish Chionodraco hamatus (Lönnberg)
1991
The absence of haemoglobin from the blood of icefish, antarctic teleosts of the family Chaenichthydae, has stimulated important physiological mechanisms which serve to compensate for the absence of the respiratory pigment. In view of the central role played by the circulation in meeting the oxygen demands of the tissues, it is not surprising to find that the cardiocirculatory system has been extensively remodelled in icefish. These adaptations include: (1) increases in blood volume, from two to four times larger than that in many teleosts (Hemmingsen and Douglas 1970; Holeton 1970); (2) increases in blood flow associated with lowered oxygen demands (Hemmingsen and Douglas 1970; Holeton 1970…