Search results for "stroop"
showing 10 items of 90 documents
Experimental and Neural Network Investigations in Learning, Attention, and Cognitive Control
2019
2015
It has been shown that the mental fatigue induced by prolonged self-regulation increases perception of effort and reduces performance during subsequent endurance exercise. However, the physiological mechanisms underlying these negative effects of mental fatigue are unclear. The primary aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that mental fatigue exacerbates central fatigue induced by whole-body endurance exercise. Twelve subjects performed 30 min of either an incongruent Stroop task to induce a condition of mental fatigue or a congruent Stroop task (control condition) in a random and counterbalanced order. Both cognitive tasks (CTs) were followed by a whole-body endurance task (ET) cons…
Preliminary evaluation of a short version questionnaire for Executive Functioning Self-Report (EF-SR)
2020
The aim of the present study is the development and the evaluation of preliminary psychometric characteristics of a short form self-report questionnaire to assess executive functioning (EF). The research was conducted in a sample of 316 Italian children that attended primary or secondary schools, with an age range between 7 and 11. EFA showed that Executive Functioning Self-Report (EF-SR) is composed of eleven items that are adequately represented by a single factor that characterizes the total score of the EFs. Furthermore, preliminary analyses showed an adequate level of skewness and kurtosis, of internal reliabilities, and test-retest reliability. Finally, the EF-SR showed positive moder…
Understanding the limits of self-control: Positive affect moderates the impact of task switching on consecutive self-control performance
2013
Performing consecutive self-control tasks typically leads to deterioration in self-control performance. This effect can be explained within the strength model of self-control or within a cognitive control perspective. Both theoretical frameworks differ in their predictions with regard to the impact of affect and task characteristics on self-control deterioration within a two-task paradigm. Whereas the strength model predicts decrements in self-control performance whenever both tasks require a limited resource, under a cognitive control perspective, decrements should only occur when people switch to a different response conflict in the second task. Moreover, only the cognitive control model …
2017
Moving and acting underwater within recreational or occupational activities requires intact executive functions, since they subserve higher cognitive functions such as successful self-regulation, coping with novel situations, and decision making; all of which could be influenced by nitrogen narcosis due to elevated partial pressure under water. However, specific executive functions that could provide a differentiated view on humans’ cognitive performance ability have not yet been systematically analyzed in full-water immersion, which is a research gap addressed within this approach to contribute to a better understanding of nitrogen narcosis. In this study, 20 young, healthy, and certified …
Modulation of higher-order olfaction components on executive functions in humans
2015
The prefrontal (PFC) and orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) appear to be associated with both executive functions and olfaction. However, there is little data relating olfactory processing and executive functions in humans. The present study aimed at exploring the role of olfaction on executive functioning, making a distinction between primary and more cognitive aspects of olfaction. Three executive tasks of similar difficulty were used. One was used to assess hot executive functions (Iowa Gambling Task-IGT), and two as a measure of cold executive functioning (Stroop Colour and Word Test-SCWT and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-WCST). Sixty two healthy participants were included: 31 with normosmia and …
Basic processes in interference paradigms
2021
The aim of the present thesis is to investigate the source of Stroop (interference) effects in weak bilinguals (Experiment 1) and in early language learning (Experiment 2-6). Participants performed a bilingual colour-word Stroop task with intermixed first language (L1) and second language (L2) words. The typical finding from the Stroop literature is slower and less accurate responding when the word and colour are incongruent (e.g., “red” in blue) relative to congruent (e.g., “red” in red). Interestingly, this congruency effect occurs for the colour words from both L1 and L2. What produces this congruency effect? That is, what is the source of the conflict produced by incongruent colour word…
Viittomantunnistuksen automaattisuuden mittaaminen Stroopin testillä suomalaisessa viittomakielessä
2017
Tämä pro gradu -tutkimus tarkastelee viittomantunnistuksen automaattisuutta suomalaisessa viit- tomakielessä. Tutkimuksen tarkoituksena on selvittää, miten varhainen viittomakielen omaksu- minen ja kuulostatus vaikuttavat viittomantunnistuksen automaattisuuteen. Tutkimuksessa verra- taan kolmea ryhmää, jotka eroavat toisistaan sekä kuulostatuksiltaan että viittomakielen omaksu- misen ajankohdiltaan. Tutkimusmenetelmänä käytetään Stroopin testiä, joka on laajalti käytössä oleva toiminnanohjauksen testi. Tutkimusta varten testistä laadittiin versio suomalaiselle viitto- makielelle. Testissä ärsykkeinä ovat väriviittomat, jotka on testivideolla värjätty viittoman mer- …
Mental Fatigue Effects on the Produced Perception of Effort and Its Impact on Subsequent Physical Performances.
2022
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mental fatigue induced by a demanding cognitive task and impaired physical performance in endurance due to a higher perception of effort. A total of 12 healthy adults and volunteers, who had previously practiced endurance activities for 4 to 8 h per week, performed a one-hour cognitive task involving either the process of response inhibition (Stroop task) or not (visualization of a documentary as control task), then 20 min of pedaling on a cycle ergometer at a constant perception of effort while cardio-respiratory and neuromuscular functions were measured. The Stroop task induces subjective feelings of mental fatigue (vig…
Atención emocional en la enfermedad de alzheimer
2020
Los datos sociodemográficos señalan que la esperanza de vida de España se sitúa en 82,9 años. Pero, que vivamos más años no significa que vivamos con salud. Entre las patologías que afectan a las personas adultas mayores están las demencias, siendo el Alzheimer la forma más común. Actualmente, no existe una cura para esta enfermedad neurodegenerativa, pero algunas intervenciones pueden ralentizar el desarrollo, como la estimulación cognitiva. Para ello, es de relevancia continuar estudiando los procesos cognitivos en el envejecimiento, como la atención. Además, en los últimos años se le ha dado importancia al estudio de las emociones en el envejecimiento. De esta manera, este trabajo preten…