Search results for "structural"
showing 10 items of 5047 documents
Predicting Well-Being Among the Elderly: The Role of Coping Strategies
2020
Objectives: This study aims to give a wider view on the role of coping strategies on elderly’s well-being, by means of literature-based competitive structural equation models (SEM). Methods: 857 older adults were surveyed with Ryff’s scales of Psychological Well-being and the Coping Strategies Questionnaire. Competitive full SEMs were tested. Results: The best fitting model was the one in which the religious coping dimension was removed, leaving the remaining dimensions defined by problem- and emotion-focused coping, which explained both psychological and subjective well-being factors (χ2(46)=165.910, p<.001; CFI=.906; GFI=.957; RMSEA=.058 [.048, .067]). Discussion: Results pointed the rele…
Different drinking motives, different adverse consequences? Evidence among adolescents from 10 European countries
2017
INTRODUCTION AND AIM: This study, which builds on previous research demonstrating that drinking motives are associated with adverse consequences, investigates the associations between drinking motives and non-alcohol-attributed adverse consequences and disentangles alcohol-related and direct effects. DESIGN AND METHOD: On the basis of a sample of 22 841 alcohol-using 13- to 16-year-olds (50.6% female) from Belgium, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Ireland, Portugal, Scotland, Slovakia, Switzerland and Wales, structural equation models were used to estimate direct and indirect effects. Additionally, differences across countries were tested in a multigroup analysis. RESULTS: The indirect effect (vi…
Individual, co-active and collective coping and organizational stress: A longitudinal study
2019
This study aims to identify the association between changes in three types of problem-focused coping (individual, organizational co-active and collective) and the change in the appraisal of different facets of employees' stress and the organizational stress climate. These relationships are tested by means of Bayesian Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling and a two-wave panel design. The sample is composed of 525 teachers in 100 schools. Stress experiences and coping behaviors are assessed during the first and third terms of the academic year. The results show that an increase in the use of individual problem-focused coping has little to no effect on the decrease in individual stress appra…
Social antecedents of the role stress and career-enhancing strategies of newcomers to organizations: A longitudinal study
2003
Newcomers experience uncertainty and stress following entry into an organization. Two features of socialization are important for reducing their stress: socialization tactics and relations with superiors and co-workers. The present study tests a structural equation model, including, first, the effects over time of initial institutional socialization tactics and, second, the association between social relations at the workplace on newcomers’ role stress and career-enhancing strategies, two years later, among a large (N=661) international sample of job and organization stayers. Using LISREL 8.3 the results indicate a good fit between the model and data on several fit indices. Institutional so…
A Reciprocal Effects Model of the Temporal Ordering of Coping and Defenses
2016
This study aimed to examine how coping and defenses are related over time, using a two-wave cross-lagged panel design. Coping and defenses were assessed before and after a sport competition in a sample of 296 competitive athletes. Partial least squares path modeling results showed that (a) pre-competitive mature defenses predicted increases in the use of task-oriented coping during competition; (b) pre-competitive immature defenses predicted an increase in the use of disengagement-oriented coping during competition; and (c) pre-competitive task-oriented coping predicted an increase in the use of immature defenses during competition. Overall, our findings suggest that defenses predict the us…
Emociones, estilos de afrontamiento y agresividad en la adolescencia
2012
Este estudio analiza la relación entre las estrategias de afrontamiento y las emociones para determinar en qué medida son procesos relacionados con la conducta agresiva. Se parte del supuesto de que en la agresividad influyen los mecanismos de afrontamiento en la resolución de problemas y el manejo de las emociones: inestabilidad emocional (falta de autocontrol ante situaciones que producen tensión) o empatía (sentimientos orientados al otro que tiene un problema o necesidad). Se ha evaluado una muestra de 1.557 niños y niñas, con un rango de edad entre 12 y 15 años, escolarizados en primer ciclo de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (ESO) en 36 Centros escolares de la Comunidad Valenciana, s…
Psychometric properties of the Italian version of the Experience in Close Relationship Scale 12 (ECR-12): An exploratory structural equation modeling…
2019
The Experiences in Close Relationship Scale (ECR) is one of the most commonly used self-report instruments of adult attachment and has been widely adopted in psychotherapy research. Composed of two subscales, namely Attachment Avoidance and Anxiety, the ECR was recently shortened to a 12-items version, called the ECR-12. Given the importance of extending knowledge on its applicability in understudied populations, our aim was to validate the ECR-12 in a large sample of Italian native-speakers. A total of 1197 participants (73.2% females; mean age=28.53±11.37 years) completed the ECR-12. Each participant also completed other measures of attachment, psychopathology, interpersonal distress, cop…
A Theoretical Model to Evaluate the Compressive Behaviour of RС Jacketed Columns
2016
Reinforced concrete (RC) jacketing is becoming increasingly common among the different retrofit techniques for poor RC members, due to its economical and practical advantages. Experimental investigations in the literature have shown that the actual axial capacity of RC jacketed members can be substantially lower than that analytically evaluated by adapting the most common theoretical models for confined concrete. This fact can be explained by taking into account the presence of tensile stresses developing in the concrete, due to a mutual interaction between the inner core and the external jacket. This phenomenon is relevant especially in members where the concrete properties of the jacket a…
Thermally Induced Structural Modification of Silica Nanoparticles Investigated by Raman and Infrared Absorption Spectroscopies
2010
We report an experimental investigation by Raman and infrared (IR) absorption spectroscopies on the structural modifications induced by isochronal thermal treatments on amorphous SiO2 nanoparticles (fumed silica). In particular, three different commercial types of this material, characterized by particle mean diameters of 7, 14, and 40 nm, were subjected to thermal treatments from 100 up to 1000 °C. We found that some properties of fumed silica, such as the SiOSi mean bond angle, ring size distribution, and surface adsorbed water content, are drastically different from those of common bulk silica materials and intimately related to the particles' dimension. The SiOSi mean bond angle, probed…
Effects of confinement level, cross-section shape and corner radius on the cyclic behavior of CFRCM confined concrete columns
2014
Abstract The main results of an experimental research aiming to investigate the behavior of medium-size low-strength concrete columns wrapped with Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (CFRCM) under monotonic and cyclic compressive axial loads are presented. Thirty columns with circular, square and rectangular cross-sections were tested under monotonic and cyclic axial loads to investigate the effect of the confinement level, the cross-section shape and the corner radius on the stiffness, strength, and ductility of CFRCM confined concrete columns under cyclic loads. The results prove that CFRCM confining jackets provide substantial gain in compressive strength, deformability and absor…