Search results for "structures"

showing 10 items of 4815 documents

CYP2D6 genotype and phenotyping by determination of dextromethorphan and metabolites in serum of healthy controls and of patients under psychotropic …

1998

Fourteen drug free healthy volunteers and 22 psychiatric patients under psychotropic medication were phenotyped for their individual CYP2D6 activity using dextromethorphan as a probe drug. A solution containing 20 mg dextromethorphan was administered and blood was taken 60 min later for determination of dextromethorphan and metabolites in serum. For comparison, urine was collected over 8 h after ingestion of 20 mg dextromethorphan in a separate test. The CYP2D6 phenotype was determined from the ratio of dextromethorphan to dextrorphan. For genotyping, mutant alleles of the CYP2D6 gene were identified using allele-specific polymerase chain reactions. Genotyping revealed five poor metabolizer…

AdultMaleCYP2D6animal structuresGenotypeMetaboliteUrineBiologyPharmacologyDextromethorphandigestive systemchemistry.chemical_compoundDextrorphanMoclobemideGeneticsmedicineHumansGeneral Pharmacology Toxicology and Pharmaceuticsskin and connective tissue diseasesGenotypingPsychotropic DrugsDextromethorphanMiddle AgedPhenotypeCytochrome P-450 CYP2D6chemistryFemalePharmacogeneticsmedicine.drugPharmacogenetics
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GDF 15 as an anti-apoptotic, diagnostic and prognostic marker in oral squamous cell carcinoma

2011

Growth-differentiation factor 15 (GDF 15) is involved in tumor pathogenesis and its expression is increased in many types of cancers. Functional effects of GDF 15 on oncogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the apoptotic characteristics of GDF 15 in OSCC cell lines in vitro and to analyze serum GDF 15 concentrations as a diagnostic and prognostic tumor marker for OSCC in vivo. Caspase activity was assessed in OSCC cell lines with the Caspase-Glo 3/7 system. Serum GDF 15 concentrations from 64 patients with histopathological proven OSCC and from 30 healthy volunteers were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent a…

AdultMaleCancer ResearchPathologymedicine.medical_specialtyGrowth Differentiation Factor 15Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent AssayCaspase 3Biologymedicine.disease_causePathogenesisIn vivoCell Line TumorBiomarkers TumorCarcinomamedicineHumansAgedTumor markerAged 80 and overMiddle AgedPrognosismedicine.diseasestomatognathic diseasesOncologyApoptosisCase-Control StudiesCaspasesembryonic structuresCarcinoma Squamous CellCancer researchFemaleMouth NeoplasmsGDF15Oral SurgeryCarcinogenesisOral Oncology
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Structure, chromosomal localization, and brain expression of human Cx36 gene

1999

Rat connexin-36 (Cx36) is the first gap junction protein shown to be expressed predominantly in neuronal cells of the mammalian central nervous system. As a prerequisite for studies devoted to the investigation of the possible role of this connexin in human neurological diseases, we report the cloning and sequencing of the human Cx36 gene, its chromosomal localization, and its pattern of expression in the human brain analyzed by radioactive in situ hybridization. The determination of the human gene sequence revealed that the coding sequence of Cx36 is highly conserved (98% identity at the protein level with the mouse and rat Cx36 and 80% with the ortholog perch and skate Cx35), and that the…

AdultMaleCandidate geneAdolescentgenetic structuresMolecular Sequence DataIn situ hybridizationBiologyHippocampal formationPolymerase Chain ReactionConnexinsMiceCellular and Molecular NeurosciencemedicineAnimalsHumansCoding regionAmino Acid SequenceSkates FishCloning MolecularEye ProteinsPeptide Chain Initiation TranslationalGeneIn Situ Hybridization FluorescenceChromosomes Human Pair 15Genomic LibrarySequence Homology Amino Acidmedicine.diagnostic_testBrainChromosome MappingHuman brainMiddle AgedMolecular biologyIntronsRatsmedicine.anatomical_structureSpinal CordOrgan SpecificityPerchesCerebellar cortexFemalesense organsSequence AlignmentFluorescence in situ hybridizationJournal of Neuroscience Research
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Anatomical Correlate of Impaired Covert Visual Attentional Processes in Patients with Cerebellar Lesions

2010

In the past years, claims of cognitive and attentional function of the cerebellum have first been raised but were later refuted. One reason for this controversy might be that attentional deficits only occur when specific cerebellar structures are affected. To further elucidate this matter and to determine which cerebellar regions might be involved in deficits of covert visual attention, we used new brain imaging tools of lesion mapping that allow a direct comparison with control patients. A total of 26 patients with unilateral right-sided cerebellar infarcts were tested on a covert visual attention task. Eight (31%) patients showed markedly slowed responses, especially in trials in which an…

AdultMaleCerebellumgenetic structuresCerebellar lesionsNeuroimagingCerebellumReaction TimemedicineHumansVisual attentionAttentionIn patientAgedAged 80 and overGeneral NeuroscienceCognitionArticlesMiddle Agedmedicine.anatomical_structureOculomotor controlCovertVisual PerceptionFemalePsychologyNeurosciencePhotic StimulationPsychomotor PerformanceCognitive psychologyThe Journal of Neuroscience
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Intrasubject repeatability of corneal power, thickness, and wavefront aberrations with a new version of a dual rotating Scheimpflug–Placido system

2014

Purpose To determine the intrasubject repeatability of a recently introduced dual-camera rotating Scheimpflug–Placido imaging system (Galilei G4) in determining corneal thickness, power, and wavefront aberrations in young healthy subjects. Setting University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain. Design Prospective evaluation of diagnostic technology. Methods The study comprised right eyes of 25 subjects aged 20 to 40 years with a spherical equivalent ranging from −4.25 to +1.00 diopters. The central corneal thickness, thinnest point value and location, anterior and posterior surface curvatures, total corneal power, and corneal wavefront aberrations were measured for distance vision using the dual S…

AdultMaleChord (geometry)medicine.medical_specialtyCorneal Wavefront AberrationCorneal Pachymetrygenetic structuresIntraclass correlationScheimpflug principleDiagnostic Techniques OphthalmologicalAstigmatismRefraction OcularCorneaYoung AdultOpticsOphthalmologyPhotographymedicineHumansProspective StudiesCorneal pachymetryDioptreMathematicsObserver VariationWavefrontmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryReproducibility of ResultsRepeatabilitymedicine.diseaseHealthy Volunteerseye diseasesSensory SystemsOphthalmologyFemaleSurgerysense organsbusinessJournal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery
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Myopia and Cognitive Performance: Results From the Gutenberg Health Study.

2016

Purpose To analyze the association between myopia and cognitive performance. Methods A cohort of the population-based Gutenberg Health Study included 3819 eligible enrollees between 40 and 79 years. We used the Tower of London (TOL) test to assess cognitive performance. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ -0.5 diopters (D) via noncycloplegic autorefractometry. We conducted linear mixed models with the SE as the dependent variable and the age, sex, duration of education, and TOL score as covariates. Results Complete data were available for 3452 participants (90.4%). The mean TOL score was 14.0 ± 3.9 in the myopes versus 12.9 ± 4.0 in the nonmyopes (P < 0.001). The mean TOL sc…

AdultMaleComplete datamedicine.medical_specialtyTime Factorsgenetic structuresPopulationRefraction Ocular03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCognitionOphthalmologyGermanymedicineMyopiaPrevalenceHumansEffects of sleep deprivation on cognitive performanceProspective StudiesProspective cohort studyeducationDioptreAgededucation.field_of_studybusiness.industryHigh myopiaCognitionMiddle Agedeye diseasesPopulation SurveillanceCohort030221 ophthalmology & optometryOptometryEducational StatusFemalebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up StudiesInvestigative ophthalmologyvisual science
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Illness perception and affective symptoms in gastrointestinal cancer patients: A moderated mediation analysis of meaning in life and coping.

2019

Objective The character of the mediational relations between illness perception and affective symptoms often depends on the coping strategies used by patients. For example, these relationships may be moderated by meaning in life that plays a buffering role against the negative consequences of cancer. This study examined moderated mediation effects of meaning in life and coping on the relationship between illness perception and affective symptoms in cancer patients. Methods In this cross-sectional research, 317 gastrointestinal cancer patients who were undergoing chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or combined therapy treatments were examined. They completed measures of illness perception, affective…

AdultMaleCoping (psychology)Health Knowledge Attitudes Practicegenetic structuresExperimental and Cognitive PsychologyAffect (psychology)IrritabilityIllness perceptions03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineModerated mediationAdaptation PsychologicalmedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineGastrointestinal cancerAffective SymptomsAgedGastrointestinal NeoplasmsAged 80 and overMiddle AgedModerationmedicine.diseasePsychiatry and Mental healthCross-Sectional StudiesOncology030220 oncology & carcinogenesisCombined therapyFemalemedicine.symptomPsychologyClinical psychologyPsycho-oncology
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Reproducibility and Daytime-Dependent Changes of Corneal Epithelial Thickness and Whole Corneal Thickness Measured With Fourier Domain Optical Cohere…

2016

To evaluate the reproducibility of Fourier domain anterior segment optical coherence tomography (RTVue) based on repeated measurements of corneal thickness (CT) and epithelial thickness (ET) and to test daytime-dependent changes of these parameters.Twenty-three eyes from 23 healthy volunteers were included in this prospective study. Three clinical observers performed 3 consecutive measurements each of CT and ET in 3 sessions using RTVue, resulting in 9 measurements per session. Session 1 was performed at 9 AM ± 1 hour, session 2 at 4 PM ± 1 hour on the same day, and session 3 at 9 AM ± 1 hour 2 days later. CT and ET were assessed in 9 areas: corneal vertex, 4 paracentral zones, and 4 periph…

AdultMaleDaytimeMaterials sciencegenetic structuresCornea03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsOptical coherence tomographyCorneamedicineHumansProspective StudiesFourier domainObserver VariationReproducibilitymedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryEpithelium CornealReproducibility of ResultsMiddle Agedeye diseasesOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structure030221 ophthalmology & optometryFemalesense organsObserver variationbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryTomography Optical CoherenceBiomedical engineeringCornea
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Optical factors influencing the amplitude of accommodation

2017

AbstractThe purpose of this work was to find plausible predictors among optical parameters that may explain the inter-individual differences in subjective amplitude of accommodation not explained by age. An exploratory multivariable regression analysis was carried out retrospectively on a dataset with 180 eyes from 97 subjects (ages ranged from 20 to 58years). Subjective amplitudes of accommodation were recorded with the use of a custom-made Badal system. A commercial aberrometer was used to obtain each eye’s wavefront during the full range of accommodation. The plausible predictors under study were pupil diameter in the unaccommodated eye, its reduction with accommodation; fourth- and six-…

AdultMaleDepth of focusmedicine.medical_specialtyCorneal Wavefront Aberrationgenetic structuresZernike polynomialsAmplitude of accommodationAudiologyRefraction Ocular050105 experimental psychologyYoung Adult03 medical and health sciencessymbols.namesake0302 clinical medicineOpticsAberrometrymedicineHumans0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesSpherical aberrationRetrospective Studiesbusiness.industryAberrometry05 social sciencesAccommodation OcularPupilPresbyopiaPresbyopiaMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseSubjective refractioneye diseasesAmplitude of accommodationSensory SystemsStatistical modelingSpherical aberrationOphthalmologyAmplitude030221 ophthalmology & optometrysymbolsRegression AnalysisFemalePsychologybusinessAccommodationVision Research
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Assessment of modifications in thickness, curvatures, and volume upon the cornea caused by disposable soft contact lens wear.

2015

Purpose To assess the effect of different disposable soft contact lenses on several corneal parameters–-thickness, anterior and posterior curvature, and volume–-by means of a Scheimpflug imaging-based device (Pentacam HR). Diurnal variations of these parameters were taken into account. Methods Twenty-one young, healthy subjects wore 4 different types of daily disposable soft contact lenses on 4 different days: Dailies AquaComfort Plus, SofLens, Dailies Total1, and Acuvue TruEye. The lenses had different material and water content. Pachymetry and curvature maps and corneal volume values were obtained using the Pentacam HR twice a day: one before putting the lens on and one after an 8-hour pe…

AdultMaleEffects of long-term contact lens wear on the corneaMaterials sciencegenetic structuresCorneal PachymetryScheimpflug principleVisual AcuityCurvatureCorneaYoung AdultOpticsCorneamedicineMyopiaHumansCorneal pachymetryDisposable Equipmentmedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryCorneal TopographyGeneral MedicineOrgan SizeCorneal topographyContact Lenses Hydrophiliceye diseasesCircadian RhythmContact lensOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureFemalesense organsDisposable EquipmentbusinessBiomedical engineeringEuropean journal of ophthalmology
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