Search results for "substitut"
showing 10 items of 1337 documents
Are importing and exporting complements or substitutes in an emerging economy? The case of Colombia
2021
The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of two trading strategies (exporting and importing) on total factor productivity (TFP) and the potential complementarity/substitutability effects of these strategies. In order to assess these effects, robust estimates of TFP are obtained using a general method of moments approach that explicitly determines the ability of a firm's trading experience to affect productivity. Data from the Annual Manufacturing Survey spanning from 2007 to 2016 is used for Colombian manufacturing firms. Our estimation results suggest that, regardless of the technological intensity of the industry in which the firm operates, active trading strategies (exporting o…
Implementation of Substitution Treatment in Finland: Beyond Rationalisation and Medicalisation
2011
AIMS Finnish treatment of drug abuse has during the last two decades shifted from a predominantly psychosocial approach to a more medical mode. This is especially evident in the rapid implementation of substitution treatments (STs). My aim is to show that labelling this development as ‘medicalisation’ or ‘rationalisation’ as a form of medical progress will not increase our understanding of the change. MATERIAL AND DESIGN I analysed texts from several periodicals with psychosocial, social policy and medical perspectives between 1997 and 2005. Four basic conceptual and argumentative underpinnings emerged which gave credence to the medical and rationalapproach, and the validity of these four e…
Definition of Water Meter Substitution Plans based on a Composite Indicator
2014
This paper presents a water meter substitution plan based on a composite "Replacement indicator" which was defined and compared with common substitution strategies based on meter age and on run-to-fail approaches. The methodology was applied to one of the 17 sub-networks in which the Palermo city water distribution network (Italy) is divided. The analysis was carried out considering a substitution budget limitation and the results showed that the use of "Replacement indicator" outperform the classical substitution strategies based on meter age because it takes into account some other variables that may affect meter precision and wearing. (C) 2013 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Zabieg medycyny estetycznej w przypadku małoletniego dziecka bez zgody sądu rodzinnego a odpowiedzialność prawnokarna
2017
This article refers to criminal liability for performing aesthetic medicine treatment in a form of plastic surgery without patient’s consent, substitute consent (including collective) or substitute consent of Family Court. Article presents the current state of law in this respect and the correlation between applicable regulations of various branches of law and lex generalis regulations that deal with this issue, i.e. aesthetic medicine treatment.The author evaluates and describes the legal issues related with aesthetic medicine, including the patient’s consent, extended disclosure obligation as well as the ground for statutory liability for committing a prohibited act that is described and …
Status prawny rodziny zastępczej
2017
The surrogate family is a family form of surrogate custody, with the use of which the state as a substitute for biological families provides children with a caring and educational function. The placement of a child in a surrogate family: relative, non-professional or professional family belongs to the family court competence, while public administrations are obliged to provide social infrastructure in this regard, and in particular to create a family base suitable for the needs of the county. Family surrogate organizer with family surrogate coordinators cooperate with thesefamilies. A surrogate family can be a single person or a family, such a function can not lead a free relationship. As a…
Counting Berg partitions via Sturmian words and substitution tilings
2013
We develop the connection of Berg partitions with special substitution tilings of two tiles. We obtain a new proof that the number of Berg partitions with a fixed connectivity matrix is equal to half of the sum of its entries, [12]. This approach together with the formula of Seebold [10], for the number of substitutions preserving a given Sturmian sequence, shows that all of the combinatorial substitutions can be realized geometrically as Berg partitions. We treat Sturmian tilings as intersection tilings of bi-partitions. Using the symmetries of bi-partitions we obtain geometrically the palindromic properties of Sturmian sequences (Theorem 3) established combinatorially by de Luca and Migno…
Niewykonanie kary ograniczenia wolności a zastępcza kara pozbawienia wolności
2021
Artykuł odnosi się do ostatniego etapu wykonawczego kary ograniczenia wolności w przypadku jej niewykonania przez skazanego na nią sprawcę przestępstwa w kontekście orzeczenia wobec niego zastępczej kary pozbawienia wolności. Autor dokonuje analizy i oceny zakończenia postępowania w zakresie kary ograniczenia wolności na skutek orzeczenia i wykonania kary zastępczej z uwagi na niepozytywne zakończenie wykonania kary ograniczenia wolności przez skazanych. W szczególności omawia jako najdalej idące alternatywne prawnie dopuszczalne rozwiązanie modyfikujące rodzaj orzeczonej pierwotnie kary i jej wymiar wymierzonej w orzeczeniu końcowym, wobec określonego sprawcy czynu zabronionego. Autor doko…
"Kids' skills" program and its use in educational and therapeutic work with children in foster families
2018
The paper deals with the issue of foster care as a form of substitute family care in the Czech Republic. In the introduction, the author draws attention to the changes in numbers of children placed in institutions providing institutional care after the amendment o f the Act on Social and Legał Protection of Children No. 401/2012 Coli., with subsequent amendments. The author also describes the institution of foster care for the transitional period and the process of preparing families for the admission of a new member. In this context, the „Kids’ Skills” method is an effective way to work creatively and playfully, with the focus on cooperation. This method was developed by Finnish therapists…
A library of monoalkenylsilsesquioxanes as potential comonomers for synthesis of hybrid materials
2018
In this paper we demonstrate a facile and efficient synthesis of monoalkenylsubstituted POSS compounds, i.e., R7(Si8O12)-alkenyl and R7(Si8O12)(OSiMe2)-alkenyl with a functional alkenyl group of chain length (from vinyl to dec-9-enyl, with or without additional –OSiMe2– spacer between the silsesquioxane core and alkenyl moiety) and with five types of inert groups (Et, iBu, iOc, Cy, Ph) at the POSS core. These compounds constitute a library of monosubstituted POSS systems, including thorough spectroscopic and thermal characteristics. These findings could be especially useful for material chemists applying the compounds as modifiers or comonomers for copolymerization reaction, e.g., with olef…
The Impact of a 1,2,3-Triazole Motif on the Photophysical Behavior of Non-K Tetrasubstituted Pyrene with a Substitution Pattern Providing the Long Ax…
2022
1,3,6,8-Tetrasubstituted pyrene derivatives with two types of substituents (4-(2,2-dimethylpropyloxy)pyridine, 1-decyl-1,2,3-triazole, 1-benzyl-1,2,3-triazole, and pyrazole), substituted in such a way that provides the long axial symmetry, are prepared and characterized in the present study. To the best of our knowledge, the pyrene derivative containing the same heteroaryl motif (triazole) but substituted by two various alkyls, straight decyl and benzyl-based side chains (C), is reported for the first time. For comparison, compounds with one kind of triazole motif and substituted pyridine or pyrazole groups were prepared (A and B). The photophysical properties of all molecules were evaluate…