Search results for "surface"

showing 10 items of 9345 documents

Isotopic Effects and Surface Absorption in $^{35-37}$Cl+$^{24}$Mg Interactions

1992

Abstract The few-nucleon transfer is found to play an important role in the isotopic effects observed in absorption. This conclusion is obtained by measuring elastic scattering and quasielastic reactions and by analysing elastic data with both phenomenological and microscopic models. The sensitivity domain is found to be different for imaginary and real potentials. The implication for the validity of the dispersion relation for phenomenological potentials at the real sensitivity radius, when transfers are important, is discussed.

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsNuclear reactionElastic scatteringNuclear and High Energy Physics[PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Radius[PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex]Chemical physicsDispersion relationSensitivity (control systems)Atomic physicsNuclear ExperimentAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)
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Surface-induced ordering and disordering in face-centered-cubic alloys: A Monte Carlo study

1996

Using extensive Monte Carlo simulations we have studied phase transitions in a fcc model with antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor couplings $J$ in the presence of different free surfaces which lead either to surface-induced order or to surface-induced disorder. Our model is a prototype for CuAu-type ordering alloys and shows a strong first-order bulk transition at a temperature $\frac{k{T}_{\mathrm{cb}}}{|J|}=1.738005(50)$. For free (100) surfaces, we find a continuous surface transition at a temperature ${T}_{\mathrm{cs}}g{T}_{\mathrm{cb}}$ exhibiting critical exponents of the two-dimensional Ising model. Surface-induced ordering occurs as the temperature approaches ${T}_{\mathrm{cb}}$ and …

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsPhase transitionCondensed matter physicsAntiferromagnetismOrder (ring theory)Ising modelCubic crystal systemCritical exponentEnergy (signal processing)Physical Review B
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A new boundary-controlled phase transition: Phase separation in an Ising bi-pyramid with competing surface fields

2005

We study phase coexistence of an Ising ferromagnet in a bi-pyramid geometry with a square basal plane of linear extension 2L + 1. Antisymmetric surface fields act on the pyramid surfaces above and below the basal plane. In the limit L → ∞, the magnetisation stays zero at the bulk critical temperature, but becomes discontinuously non-zero at the cone filling critical temperature associated with a single pyramid. Monte Carlo simulations and scaling considerations show that this transition is described by a Landau theory with size-dependent coefficients that give rise to singular critical amplitudes.

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsPhase transitionQuantitative Biology::Neurons and CognitionCondensed matter physicsQuantum critical pointGeneral Physics and AstronomyIsing modelScalingCritical exponentLandau theoryPyramid (geometry)Europhysics Letters (EPL)
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Surfaces with Boundary

2012

One of the objectives of this book is to obtain a rigorous proof of a version of Green’s formula for compact subsets of \(\mathbb{R}^2\) whose topological boundary is a regular curve of class C 2. These sets are typical examples of what we will call regular 2-surfaces with boundary in \(\mathbb{R}^2\). The analogous three-dimensional example would consist of a compact set of \(\mathbb{R}^3\) whose topological boundary is a regular surface of class C 2. The following example is perhaps instructive.

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsPure mathematicsCompact spaceCoordinate systemTangent spaceBoundary (topology)Rigorous proofNormal
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Dynamical Casimir-Polder interaction between a chiral molecule and a surface

2016

We develop a dynamical approach to study the Casimir-Polder force between a initially bare molecule and a magnetodielectric body at finite temperature. Switching on the interaction between the molecule and the field at a particular time, we study the resulting temporal evolution of the Casimir-Polder interaction. The dynamical self-dressing of the molecule and its population-induced dynamics are accounted for and discussed. In particular, we find that the Casimir-Polder force between a chiral molecule and a perfect mirror oscillates in time with a frequency related to the molecular transition frequency, and converges to the static result for large times.

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsQuantum PhysicsPhotonField (physics)Dynamics (mechanics)InverseFOS: Physical sciences010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCasimir effectQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesMoleculeChiral molecule010306 general physicsQuantum Physics (quant-ph)Dynamical Casimir-Polder forceMolecule-surface interaction
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Critical behavior of the surface-layer magnetization at the extraordinary transition in the three-dimensional Ising model.

1990

We have used a vectorized multispin-coding Monte Carlo method to determine the behavior of the surface-layer magnetization ${\mathit{m}}_{1}$ at the bulk transition in a simple-cubic Ising film with strongly enhanced surface coupling, i.e., at the extraordinary transition. In contrast to recent renormalization-group calculations we find no evidence for a discontinuous slope in the temperature dependence of ${\mathit{m}}_{1}$; the data are consistent with a free-energy-like (T-${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$${)}^{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}$ behavior plus background terms.

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsStatistics::TheoryMagnetizationStatistics::ApplicationsCondensed matter physicsExchange interactionMonte Carlo methodIsing modelSurface layerCoupling (probability)Three dimensional modelPhysical review. B, Condensed matter
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Surface Studies with Slow Positron Beaks

1984

Slow-positron physics is an exciting and rapidly advancing field. The continuing progress in the development of intense monochromatic beams of low-energy positrons has made it possible to perform a number of landmark experiments, where the interaction of the positron with solid surfaces plays a central role. These experiments either deal with fundamental atomic physics (positronium spectroscopy) or focus on the electronic and atomic properties of the surface region, using positrons as a probe. In the former category, the surface is involved just as an efficient source of positronium-like atoms. On the other hand, in the second category of experiments the surface i s the main object of study…

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsSurface sciencePositronField (physics)Development (differential geometry)SpectroscopyFocus (optics)PositroniumComputational physics
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Global Synchronization via Homogeneous Nucleation in Oscillating Surface Reactions

1999

The mechanism leading to globally synchronized oscillations in the $\mathrm{CO}+{\mathrm{O}}_{2}/\mathrm{Pt}\left(110\right)$ reaction system is investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The model considers the reconstruction of the surface via phase border propagation and spontaneous phase nucleation. The reason for global oscillations turns out to be the spontaneous phase nucleation. This nucleation, which is modeled as a weak noise process, results in a random creation of dynamic defects and leads to global synchronization via stochastic resonance. The mechanism of global coupling via the gas phase, as it is proposed to date, does not occur.

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsSynchronization (alternating current)Stochastic resonanceQuantum mechanicsPhase (matter)Monte Carlo methodNucleationGeneral Physics and AstronomyCoupling (probability)Molecular physicsNoise (electronics)Physical Review Letters
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Kirkwood–Buff Integrals Using Molecular Simulation: Estimation of Surface Effects

2020

Kirkwood&ndash

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsWork (thermodynamics)Finite volume method010304 chemical physicsScale (ratio)nanothermodynamicsGeneral Chemical Engineeringsurface effectsExtrapolationInverse02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesArticlemolecular dynamicsKirkwood-Buff integralslcsh:Chemistrylcsh:QD1-9990103 physical sciencesThermodynamic limitGeneral Materials ScienceStatistical physics0210 nano-technologyScalingNanomaterials
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Dynamic carrier distribution in quantum wells modulated by surface acoustic waves

2001

We have investigated the dynamics of photogenerated carriers under surface acoustic wave (SAW) fields in GaAs quantum wells using spatially and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL). The frequency and phase of the PL oscillations under a SAW yield information about the carrier distribution and the band-gap modulation induced by the SAW. We directly prove that the transport properties of the carriers ultimately control their distribution, storage and, subsequent recombination in the modulated potential.

Surface (mathematics)PhysicsYield (engineering)Photoluminescencebusiness.industrySurface acoustic wavePhase (waves)Acoustic waveCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceModulationOptoelectronicsbusinessQuantum well
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