Search results for "surface"

showing 10 items of 9345 documents

Functionalization of nanoparticles in specific targeting and mechanism release

2017

The development of various nanotechnologies have provided a new field of research, which allows the manipulation of molecular components of matter and covers a vast array of nanodevices. The “smart” multifunctional nanostructures should work as customizable, targeted drug-delivery vehicles capable of carrying large doses of therapeutic agents into malignant cells. Some nanomedical approaches are based on the use of functionalized nanoparticles (NPs), not only to reduce toxicity and side effects of drugs but, also in potential the biological barriers crossing on, such as: the blood–brain barrier, different cellular compartments, including the nucleus. Currently, many materials are used for n…

controlled-releaseMaterials sciencefood.ingredienttechnology industry and agricultureNanoparticleNanotechnology02 engineering and technologyEPR effect010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesControlled releaseGelatin0104 chemical sciencesfoodDrug deliverySelf-healing hydrogelstargeted-nanoparticlesSurface modificationfunctionalizationChemical bindingNanocarriers0210 nano-technologyDrug-delivery system
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An Overview on the Performance of 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives as Corrosion Inhibitors for Metal Surfaces

2021

This review accounts for the most recent and significant research results from the literature on the design and synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole compounds and their usefulness as molecular well-defined corrosion inhibitors for steels, copper, iron, aluminum, and their alloys in several aggressive media. Of particular interest are the 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole derivatives prepared in a regioselective manner under copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) click reactions. They are easily and straightforwardly prepared compounds, non-toxic, environmentally friendly, and stable products to the hydrolysis under acidic conditions. Moreover, they have shown a good efficiency as corrosi…

corrosion inhibitorAzidesmetalQH301-705.5Surface PropertiesReviewCatalysisInorganic ChemistryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBiology (General)metal alloysMolecular BiologyQD1-999Spectroscopymechanism of inhibitionCycloaddition ReactionMolecular StructureOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicineQuímicaTriazolesComputer Science ApplicationsCorrosionChemistryMetalsclick chemistry123-triazoleInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Probing the origin of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays with neutrinos in the EeV energy range using the Pierre Auger Observatory

2019

Neutrinos with energies above 1017 eV are detectable with the Surface Detector Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The identification is efficiently performed for neutrinos of all flavors interacting in the atmosphere at large zenith angles, as well as for Earth-skimming τ neutrinos with nearly tangential trajectories relative to the Earth. No neutrino candidates were found in ∼ 14.7 years of data taken up to 31 August 2018. This leads to restrictive upper bounds on their flux. The 90% C.L. single-flavor limit to the diffuse flux of ultra-high-energy neutrinos with an Eν -2 spectrum in the energy range 1.0 × 1017 eV -2.5 × 1019 eV is E2 dNν/dEν < 4.4 × 10-9 GeV cm-2 s-1 sr-1, placing str…

cosmological neutrinosAstronomyFluxAstrophysics01 natural sciences7. Clean energycosmic ray experiments; cosmological neutrinos; neutrino astronomy; ultra high energy cosmic rayssurface [detector]Ultra-high-energy cosmic rayPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)cosmological neutrinoSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleDETETORESneutrino: UHEUHE [neutrino]Augerobservatorytrajectoryneutrino: flavorProduction (computer science)NeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaUHE [cosmic radiation]FOS: Physical sciencescosmic ray experimentCosmic rayultra high energy cosmic raysneutrino: productionneutrino astronomyproduction [neutrino]TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY0103 physical sciencesddc:530model [neutrino]High Energy Physicscosmic radiation: UHEZenithAstrophysiqueneutrino: modelPierre Auger ObservatorySPECTRUM010308 nuclear & particles physicsdetector: surfaceHigh Energy Physics::Phenomenologyflavor [neutrino]Astronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomiefluxExperimental High Energy PhysicsatmosphereHigh Energy Physics::Experimentcosmic ray experiments[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]Energy (signal processing)
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Limits on point-like sources of ultra-high-energy neutrinos with the Pierre Auger Observatory

2019

With the Surface Detector array (SD) of the Pierre Auger Observatory we can detect neutrinos with energy between 1017 eV and 1020 eV from point-like sources across the sky, from close to the Southern Celestial Pole up to 60 in declination, with peak sensitivities at declinations around ∼-53 and ∼+55, and an unmatched sensitivity for arrival directions in the Northern hemisphere. A search has been performed for highly-inclined air showers induced by neutrinos of all flavours with no candidate events found in data taken between 1 Jan 2004 and 31 Aug 2018. Upper limits on the neutrino flux from point-like steady sources have been derived as a function of source declination. An unrivaled sensit…

cosmological neutrinosAstronomypoleFluxAstrophysics01 natural sciencesneutrino: fluxcosmic ray experiments; cosmological neutrinos; neutrino astronomy; ultra high energy cosmic raysmedia_commonPhysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)AIR-SHOWERSastro-ph.HEcosmological neutrinoSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsCOSMIC-RAYSneutrino: UHEAugerobservatoryNEUTRINOSNeutrinoAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenaairmedia_common.quotation_subjectAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomenacosmic ray experimentFOS: Physical sciencesultra high energy cosmic raysDeclinationneutrino astronomyCelestial pole0103 physical sciencesflux: upper limitHigh Energy PhysicsDETECTORZenithAstrophysiquePierre Auger Observatoryflavorshowers: atmosphere010308 nuclear & particles physicsdetector: surfaceNorthern HemisphereAstronomy and AstrophysicsAstronomiesensitivitySkyExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentcosmic ray experiments[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
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Single- and Double-Strand Breaks of Dry DNA Exposed to Protons at Bragg-Peak Energies

2017

International audience; Ultrathin layers (<20 nm) of pBR322 plasmid DNA were deposited onto 2.5 μm thick polyester films and exposed to proton Bragg-peak energies (90–3000 keV) at various fluences. A quantitative analysis of radio-induced DNA damage is reported here in terms of single- and double-strand breaks (SSB and DSB, respectively). The corresponding yields as well as G-values and the cross sections exhibit fairly good agreement with the rare available data, stemming from close experimental conditions, namely, based on α particle irradiation. SSB/DSB rates appear to be linear when plotted against linear energy transfer (LET) in the whole energy range studied. All the data present a ma…

cross-sectionProtonPolyestersLinear energy transferBragg peak7. Clean energyclustered DNA damage030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingdamage yield03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineFragmentation (mass spectrometry)Materials ChemistryDNA Breaks Double-StrandedLinear Energy TransferDNA Breaks Single-StrandedIrradiationPhysical and Theoretical Chemistryradiochemical yieldDouble strandRange (particle radiation)DNASurfaces Coatings and Films[ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]chemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesis[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph]ProtonsAtomic physicsDNAPlasmidsBragg-Peaksingle and double strand breakThe Journal of Physical Chemistry B
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Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and DFT studies of (E)-1-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(3-fluorophenyl)prop-2-en-1-one

2018

The title halogenated organic chalcone was prepared by a Claisen–Schmidt condensation reaction. A Hirshfeld surface analysis was carried out to reveal the percentage contributions of the inter­molecular inter­actions. A theoretical study was performed using the density functional theory (DFT) at B3LYP with the 6–311 G++(d,p) basis set level to compare with the experimental results of the X-ray analysis and UV–vis absorption analysis in term of the geometrical parameters, HOMO-LUMO energy gap and charge distributions.

crystal structureCrystal structure010402 general chemistry010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistryDFT01 natural sciencesResearch Communicationslcsh:ChemistryCrystalHOMO–LUMOmolecular electrostatic potentialNucleophileGeneral Materials ScienceHOMO/LUMOBasis setmol­ecular electrostatic potentialUV–visHydrogen bondChemistryHirshfeld surfaceGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographylcsh:QD1-999Electrophilehalogen chalconeDensity functional theoryActa Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications
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Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and electrostatic potential study of naturally occurring cassane-type diterpenoid Pulcherrimin C monohy…

2019

Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and Hirshfeld surface analysis of the title compound were carried out to analyse qu­anti­tatively the inter­molecular inter­actions involved in the crystal packing. The electrostatic potential surface was generated over the Hirshfeld surface to visualize the potential active sites.

crystal structureCrystal structurecassane-type diterpenoids010402 general chemistry010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistryRing (chemistry)01 natural sciencesResearch Communicationslcsh:ChemistryCrystalchemistry.chemical_compoundFuranHirshfeld surface analysisGeneral Materials SciencebiologyHydrogen bondGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsCaesalpinia pulcherrimabiology.organism_classificationTerpenoid0104 chemical sciencesCaesalpinia pulcherrimapulcherrimin CCrystallographyelectrostatic potentiallcsh:QD1-999chemistryActa Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications
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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of dimethyl (1R*, 3aS*, 3a(1)R*, 6aS*, 9R*, 9aS*)-3a(1),5,6,9a-tetrahydro-1H,4H,9H-1,3a:6a,9-diepoxy…

2019

The title diepoxyphenalene derivative, C17H18O6, comprises a fused cyclic system containing four five-membered rings (two dihydrofuran and two tetrahydrofuran) and one six-membered ring (cyclohexane). The five-membered dihydrofuran and tetrahydrofuran rings adopt envelope conformations, and the six-membered cyclohexane ring adopts a distorted chair conformation. Two methyl carboxylate groups occupy adjacent positions (2- and 3-) on a tetrahydrofuran ring. In the crystal, two pairs of C-H center dot center dot center dot O hydrogen bonds link the molecules to form inversion dimers, enclosing two R-2(2)(6) ring motifs, that stack along the a-axis direction and are arranged in layers parallel …

crystal structureCrystallographyC—H...O hydrogen bondsQD901-999fused hexacyclic systemHirshfeld surface analysisdiepoxyphenalene
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Influences of Chemical Functionalities on Crystal Structures and Electrochemical Properties of Dihydro-benzoxazine Dimer Derivatives

2021

Dihydro-1,3,2H-benzoxazine dimer derivatives or dihydro-benzoxazine dimers are a class of compounds typically prepared by ring-opening reactions between dihydro-benzoxazines and phenols. Dihydro-benzoxazine dimers act as chelating agents for several transition and rare-earth cations. To better understand the chelating properties, it is necessary to examine their structural features and electrochemical characteristics thoroughly. However, the electrochemical properties of dihydro-benzoxazine dimers have not been tremendously examined. Herein, eight derivatives of dihydro-benzoxazine dimers possessing different substituents on the benzene ring and the tertiary-amine nitrogen were synthesized …

crystal structureCrystallographyHydrogen bondGeneral Chemical EngineeringDimerHirshfeld surfaceIntermolecular forceCrystal structureCondensed Matter PhysicsRedoxInorganic ChemistryCrystalelectrochemical propertychemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographychemistryQD901-999General Materials SciencebenzoxazineCyclic voltammetryMethyleneCrystals
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Crystal structure of (2E)-3-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-1-(thiophen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one

2017

In the title chalcone-thio­phene derivative, the dihedral angle between the aromatic and the thio­phene rings is 11.4 (2)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by C—H⋯O and C—H⋯S weak inter­actions along [100], forming rings of R22(8) graph-set motif, by C—H⋯O weak inter­actions along [010], forming C(6) chains, and by weak H(meth­yl–group)⋯Cg(thio­phene ring) inter­actions into dimers; the crystal packing resembles a herringbone arrangement when viewed along [100]. A mol­ecular docking calculation of the title compound with the neuraminidase enzyme was carried out.

crystal structureCrystallographyin silico evaluationStereochemistryChemistryThio-General ChemistryCrystal structureDihedral angle010402 general chemistry010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistryCondensed Matter Physicschalcone thiophene derivative01 natural sciencesResearch Communications0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographyQD901-999Hirshfeld surface analysisGeneral Materials Sciencechalcone thio­phene derivativeActa Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications
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