Search results for "surface"

showing 10 items of 9345 documents

The role of oxidation treatments before and after CVD synthesis of graphene on copper catalytic surface

2021

Graphene is a sheet of honeycomb bonded carbon, that is only one atom thick. Aside from its remarkable strength, graphene has great conducting and photochemical prop erties. Due to its unique properties, it can be used as viable option for rare metals in circuits and in new type of measuring components. To express these properties at their best, graphene should be single crystal and as clean as possible. In this bachelor thesis, different treatment options for catalytic metal surface for graphene synthesis are studied in chemical vapor deposition growth. Different options to treat the catalytic metal layer were studied, such as changes in gas compositions in annealing process, electropolish…

hiilidioksidihapetuskemiallinen synteesigraphenecarbon dioxidecleaningpuhdistuskuparisurface treatmentpintakäsittelynanorakenteetthin filmsoxidation (active)coppernanostructuresgrafeeniohutkalvotchemical synthesis
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Browsing hinders the regeneration of broadleaved trees in uneven-aged forest management in southern Finland

2020

Uneven-aged forest management has attained increasing popularity. It may benefit biodiversity, buffer against pests and abiotic damages, decrease runoff from clearcuts and improve recreational values. We studied how gap cuttings and single-tree selection cuttings influence browsing damage in spruce-dominated forests in south-central Finland. Overall, browsing damage was especially frequent in aspen and rowan, but also in birch. The larger the basal area left in harvesting, the lower the browsing pressure on birch and rowan; neither the harvesting method nor the seedling density had an independent effect on browsing damage. Although larger tree retention levels may reduce browsing damage, th…

hirvi010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesForest managementBiodiversity01 natural sciencesmetsänuudistusgap cuttingmoosebrowsing damageRegeneration (ecology)Recreation0105 earth and related environmental sciences040101 forestryAbiotic componentlehtipuutjatkuva kasvatusAgroforestrymetsänkäsittelyForestry04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesDamagestree recruitment0401 agriculture forestry and fisheriesEnvironmental sciencesingle-tree selectionmetsänhoitoSurface runoffselection silviculturehirvituhot
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Transfer of Immunity from Mother to Offspring Is Mediated via Egg-Yolk Protein Vitellogenin.

2015

Insect immune systems can recognize specific pathogens and prime offspring immunity. High specificity of immune priming can be achieved when insect females transfer immune elicitors into developing oocytes. The molecular mechanism behind this transfer has been a mystery. Here, we establish that the egg-yolk protein vitellogenin is the carrier of immune elicitors. Using the honey bee, Apis mellifera, model system, we demonstrate with microscopy and western blotting that vitellogenin binds to bacteria, both Paenibacillus larvae – the gram-positive bacterium causing American foulbrood disease – and to Escherichia coli that represents gram-negative bacteria. Next, we verify that vitellogenin bi…

honey beestrans-generational immunityEgg proteinmedicine.disease_causebakteeritchemistry.chemical_compoundVitellogeninsbacterial pathogensimmuniteettibacterialcsh:QH301-705.5biologyfood and beveragesBees3. Good healthCell biologyFemaleVitellogeninsResearch Articlelcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergyfood.ingredientanimal structuresImmunologyBlotting WesternMicrobiologyVitellogeninfoodImmune systemImmunityVirologyYolkGeneticsmedicineAnimalsMolecular BiologyEscherichia coliOvumfungiEgg Proteinsta1182Surface Plasmon Resonanceimmunitylcsh:Biology (General)chemistryImmunologybiology.proteinta1181bacteriaParasitologyPeptidoglycanlcsh:RC581-607vitellogeninPLoS pathogens
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Recognition of alkali metal halide contact ion pairs by uranyl-salophen receptors bearing aromatic sidearms. The role of cation-pi interactions.

2005

Hard anions have long been known to bind strongly to the uranium of uranyl-salophen complexes. Upon functionalization of the salophen framework with one or two benzyloxy substituents, efficient ditopic receptors for alkali metal ions are obtained. The solid-state structures of complexes formed by the two-armed receptor 1 with CsF and with the chlorides of K+, Rb+, and Cs+ reported here reveal the existence of dimeric supramolecular assemblies in which two receptor units assemble into capsules fully enclosing (MX)2 ion quartets. In addition to the strong coordinative binding of the anion to the uranyl center and to electrostatic cation-anion interactions, stabilizing interactions arise from …

host-guest recognitionStereochemistrySupramolecular chemistryGeneral ChemistryCrystal structureAlkali metalUranylBiochemistrysupramolecular chemistryCatalysisIonchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyalkaly metal ions. ditopic receptorsColloid and Surface ChemistrychemistryAlkali metal halideX-ray crystallographyReceptorJournal of the American Chemical Society
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A NEW ROUTE TO OBTAIN PANI-EAA FLEXIBLE FILMS

2010

hybrid polymerelectrical conductivitychemical surface modificationmorphologypolyaniline chemical surface modification hybrid polymers morphology electrical conductivitypolyaniline
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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (2E)-3-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one

2018

The title compound is constructed from two aromatic rings (3-bromo-4-fluoro­phenyl and 3,4-di­meth­oxy­phen­yl), which are linked by a C=C—C(=O)—C enone bridge and form a dihedral angle of 17.91 (17)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds enclosing rings of (14) graph-set motif to form layers parallel to (10).

hydrogen contactsdi­meth­oxy­phenyl ringcrystal structureHydrogenchemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureDihedral angle010402 general chemistry010403 inorganic & nuclear chemistry01 natural sciencesResearch CommunicationsCrystalsymbols.namesakechemistry.chemical_compound3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl ringGeneral Materials Sciencedimethoxyphenyl ring3-bromo-4-fluoro­phenyl ringCrystallographyHydrogen bondHirshfeld surfaceAromaticityGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistryQD901-999symbolsvan der Waals forceEnoneActa Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications
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Integration Data Model of the Bathymetric Monitoring System for Shallow Waterbodies Using UAV and USV Platforms

2022

Changes in the seafloor relief are particularly noticeable in shallow waterbodies (at depths up to several metres), where they are of significance for human safety and environmental protection, as well as for which the highest measurement accuracy is required. The aim of this publication is to present the integration data model of the bathymetric monitoring system for shallow waterbodies using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) and Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USV). As part of this model, three technology components will be created: a hydroacoustic and optoelectronic data integration component proposed by Dąbrowski et al., a radiometric depth determination component based on optoelectronic data u…

hydrographyshallow waterbodyGeneral Earth and Planetary Sciencesbathymetric monitoring systemdata integration ; bathymetric monitoring system ; shallow waterbody ; Unmanned Aerial Ve-hicle (UAV) ; Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) ; hydrographyUnmanned Surface Vehicle (USV)Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)data integrationSettore ICAR/06 - Topografia E Cartografia
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Activated carbon from hydrolysis lignin: Effect of activation method on carbon properties

2022

This study presents the effects of different activation methods to produce activated carbon from the hydrolysis lignin. Pretreatment of the feedstock with common mineral acids (HCL, HNO3, and H3PO4), different steam rates for physical activation, and different chemical activating agents (ZnCl2, Na2CO3, and KOH) for chemical activation were investigated. The pretreated biomass was carbonized and activated in one-stage process and the surface characteristics, such as total pore volume, pore size distribution and specific surface area, were investigated. The results showed that the activated carbon surface properties were not greatly affected by acid pretreatment. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) …

hydrolyysiRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentligniiniForestrysurface areaphysical activationesikäsittelyhuokoisuusacid pretreatmentaktiivihiilihydrolysis ligninactivated carbonbiomassa (teollisuus)Waste Management and DisposalAgronomy and Crop ScienceBiomass and Bioenergy
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FPI Based Hyperspectral Imager for the Complex Surfaces : Calibration, Illumination and Applications

2022

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) applications for biomedical imaging and dermatological applications have been recently under research interest. Medical HSI applications are non-invasive methods with high spatial and spectral resolution. HS imaging can be used to delineate malignant tumours, detect invasions, and classify lesion types. Typical challenges of these applications relate to complex skin surfaces, leaving some skin areas unreachable. In this study, we introduce a novel spectral imaging concept and conduct a clinical pre-test, the findings of which can be used to develop the concept towards a clinical application. The SICSURFIS spectral imager concept combines a piezo-actuated Fabry–Pé…

ihoconvolutional neural networkphotometric stereoneuroverkotinterferometrydiagnostiikkacalibrationoptical modellingLED illuminationihosyöpähyperspectralFPIoptical biopsykoneoppiminenskin surface modelbiomedical imagingdermatological applicationihotaudithyperspektrikuvantaminen
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Molecular mechanics models for the image charge, a comment on “including image charge effects in the molecular dynamics simulations of molecules on m…

2017

We re-investigate the image charge model of Iori and Corni (Iori and Corni, J. Comput. Chem. 2008, 29, 1656). We find that a simple symmetrization of their model allows to obtain quantitatively correct results for the electrostatic interaction of a water molecule with a metallic surface. This symmetrization reduces the magnitude of the electrostatic interaction to less than 10% of the total interaction energy. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

image chargewatermetal surface010402 general chemistryMethod of image charges01 natural sciencesMolecular physicsMolecular mechanics[ CHIM ] Chemical SciencesForce field (chemistry)MetalMolecular dynamicsTheoretical and Computational ChemistryQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencesMolecule[CHIM]Chemical SciencesChemical Physics010304 chemical physicsChemistryforce fieldGeneral ChemistryInteraction energy0104 chemical sciencesComputational Mathematicsadsorptionvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumSymmetrizationPhysical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
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