Search results for "talvi"
showing 10 items of 93 documents
Coping with Difficult Weather and Snow Conditions : Reindeer herders’ views on climate change impacts and coping strategies
2016
Winter is a critical season for reindeer herding, with the amount and quality of snow being among the most important factors determining the condition of reindeer and the annual success of the livelihood. Our first aim was to model the future (2035–2064) snow conditions in northern Finland, especially the quantities related to ground ice and/or ice layers within the snow pack, exceptionally deep snow and late snow melt. Secondly, we studied the strategies by which herders cope with the impacts of difficult weather and snow conditions on herding by interviewing 21 herders. SNOWPACK simulations indicate that snow cover formation will be delayed by an average of 19 days and snow will melt 16 d…
Changing winter conditions in the boreal forest : the effects of fluctuating temperature and predation risk on activity and physiological stress leve…
2016
Due to global climate change, the winter conditions in the North are predicted to change, as the time with an intact insulating snow cover gets shorter or disappears altogether. For small mammals, this could cause exposure to strong temperature fluctuations and increased predation risk, inducing severe stress and leading to alterations in the physical condition and behavior. To test this, we exposed bank voles (Myodes glareolus) to different temperature regimes and cues of predator threat under laboratory conditions. The test animals experienced either a stable but cool temperature regime resembling the stable conditions under snow cover, or an unstable temperature regime with cold nights a…
Olosuhteet ja neuvottelijoiden kunnia Uudenkaupungin rauhanneuvotteluissa 1721
2022
Artikkeli on perustutkimusta, joka keskustelee arjen ja tilallisuuden sekä osin ympäristöhistorian ja kokemushistorian kanssa, käsitellen Uudenkaupungin rauhanneuvotteluita 1721. Aiemmin rauhanneuvotteluita ja niiden tuloksia on tutkittu poliittis- ja tapahtumahistoriallisesti. Artikkelissa keskitytään alkuperäislähteitä hyödyntäen rauhanneuvotteluihin niin fyysisenä kuin sosiaalisena ympäristönä myös luonnonolosuhteet huomioiden. Tutkimus alkaa rauhanneuvotteluiden valmistelusta ja sisältää niin Uuteenkaupunkiin matkustamisen haasteineen, neuvotteluympäristön toteutuksen kuin välittömät jälkitoimet rauhansolmimisen jälkeen. Fyysisen kontekstin lisäksi neuvottelijoiden yhteiskunnallinen ase…
The impact of direct acting antivirals on hepatitis C virus disease burden and associated costs in four European countries
2021
Eliminació del VHC; Punt d'equilibri; Infecció d'hepatitis C Eliminación del VHC; Punto de equilibrio; Infección de hepatitis C HCV elimination; Break-even; Hepatitis C infection Background and Aims We assessed the clinical and economic impact of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in England, Italy, Romania and Spain. Methods An HCV progression Markov model was developed considering DAA eligibility and population data during the years 2015-2019. The period of time to recover the investment in DAAs was calculated as the cost saved by avoiding estimated clinical events for 1000 standardized treated patients. A delayed treatment scenario because of coronavirus di…
Acciones para mejorar la eficiencia energética en los edificios en Europa: estado del arte sobre los standards técnicos
2022
The paper is aimed at reviewing the state of the art of the European technical normative implementation during the last decades concerning the building energy efficiency. Indeed, it is well acknowledged that the present building stock is largely obsolete and inefficient: in the European context alone, around 75% of the buildings is not energy efficient and most are expected to be in use until 2050. Consequently, buildings require not only a general rehabilitation, to extend, or even avoid, its end-of-life time, but also a complete afterthought of their energy performance. That is extremely urgent to improve the overall sustainability of the construction sector that, alone, is one of the mai…
El comportamiento de Cajas de Ahorros y cooperativas de crédito españolas frente a los fines sociales: La obra benéfico-social y el Fondo de Educació…
2005
Cajas de ahorros y cooperativas de crédito, respondiendo a su objeto social y a los principios que les guían, dotan anualmente a Obra benéfico Social y a Fondo de Educación y Promoción Cooperativa, respectivamente, una parte de sus resultados. Ello, lejos de interferir en su competitividad en el mercado, como ha puesto de relieve su comportamiento en el sector financiero en las últimas dos décadas, responde a las virtudes propias de las entidades de economía social y contribuye a aumentar la confianza depositada hacia ellas por los agentes económicos, en la que reside la viabilidad de las empresas. En la presente comunicación, tras presentar las características de ambas ins- tituciones y se…
Saving banks and society: a model of commitment to society
2012
Savings banks are increasingly interested in social issues, reflecting a corporate commitment to meet the demands of society. Our goal is to understand the importance of CSR (Corporate Social Responsibility) for savings banks and the actions carried out to promote it. To do this we assume that these entities are more resources devoted to society. The field work was conducted through a questionnaire answered by 57 Spanish institutions. We note that CSR is a growing movement with enormous potential, because of the role of financial intermediation and lending banks to develop. Finally, it is curious to see how social contributions materialize so correlated. Las Cajas de Ahorros tienen cada vez…
Pekka Halosen talvimaalaukset : maalaustavan ja -tyylin muutokset sekä niihin vaikuttavat tekijät
1999
Rautalampi
1749
Nutrition Knowledge Is Associated with Energy Availability and Carbohydrate Intake in Young Female Cross-Country Skiers
2021
The aim of this study was to provide information on energy availability (EA), macronutrient intake, nutritional periodization practices, and nutrition knowledge in young female cross-country skiers. A total of 19 skiers filled in weighted food and training logs before and during a training camp. Nutrition knowledge was assessed via a validated questionnaire. EA was optimal in 11% of athletes at home (mean 33.7 ± 9.6 kcal·kgFFM−1·d−1) and in 42% at camp (mean 40.3 ± 17.3 kcal·kgFFM−1·d−1). Most athletes (74%) failed to meet recommendations for carbohydrate intake at home (mean 5.0 ± 1.2 g·kg−1·d−1) and 63% failed to do so at camp (mean 7.1 ± 1.6 g·kg−1·d−1). The lower threshold of the pre-ex…