Search results for "tandem"

showing 10 items of 560 documents

Fusarium species, chemotype characterisation and trichothecene contamination of durum and soft wheat in an area of central Italy

2015

BACKGROUND Fusarium head blight (FHB) of wheat is an important disease causing yield losses and mycotoxin contamination. The aim of the work was to detect and characterise trichothecene producing Fusarium species in durum and soft wheat cultivated in an area of central Italy in 2009 and 2010 and to determine trichothecene contamination by LC-MS/MS in the grain. RESULTS F. graminearum s. str. was the most frequent species. In 2009, the occurrence of F. avenaceum and F. poae was higher than in 2010. Among F. graminearum strains, the 15-acetyl deoxynivalenol (15-ADON) chemotype could be found more frequently, followed by nivalenol (NIV) and 3-ADON chemotypes, while all F. culmorum isolates bel…

FusariumVeterinary medicineMycotoxin contaminationGenotypeTrichotheceneTrichothecenePlant DiseaseFood ContaminationBiologyChemotypePolymerase Chain Reactionchemistry.chemical_compoundFusariumSpecies SpecificityTandem Mass SpectrometryHead blightBotanyNutrition and Dieteticmedia_common.cataloged_instanceHumansEuropean unionLC-MS/MSMycotoxinDNA FungalTriticummedia_commonPlant DiseasesMycotoxinNutrition and DieteticsChemotypeSeedMedicine (all)Contaminationbiology.organism_classificationNivalenolDeoxynivalenolchemistryItalySeedsFood MicrobiologyTrichothecenesAgronomy and Crop ScienceChromatography LiquidHumanFood ScienceBiotechnology
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Mitigation of enniatins in edible fish tissues by thermal processes and identification of degradation products.

2017

Emerging mycotoxins, such as enniatins and beauvericin, are common contaminants in vegetal matrices, but recently, the occurrence of mycotoxins in foodstuffs from animal origin has been also reported as they can be present in edible tissues of animals fed with contaminated feedstuffs. Sea bass, sea bream, Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout from aquaculture analyzed in the present survey showed contamination by emerging Fusarium mycotoxins enniatins (ENs). ENs were extracted from raw and cooked fish with acetonitrile and analyzed by Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry. In this study, the stability of ENs was evaluated during food processing by the application of different cooki…

Fusariumendocrine systemFood ContaminationToxicology01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0404 agricultural biotechnologyAquacultureTandem Mass SpectrometryDepsipeptidesAnimalsFood scienceCookingSea bassMycotoxinbiologybusiness.industry010401 analytical chemistryFishesTemperaturefood and beverages04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral MedicineContaminationMycotoxinsbiology.organism_classification040401 food scienceBeauvericin0104 chemical sciencesBiotechnologyBiodegradation EnvironmentalchemistryFood processingRainbow troutbusinessFood ScienceChromatography LiquidFood and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association
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Proteomic analysis of the photosystem I light-harvesting antenna in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum).

2004

Until now, more genes of the light-harvesting antenna of higher-plant photosystem I (PSI) than proteins have been described. To improve our understanding of the composition of light-harvesting complex I (LHCI) of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), we combined one- and two-dimensional (1-D and 2-D, respectively) gel electrophoresis with immunoblotting and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/ MS). Separation of PSI with high-resolution 1-D gels allowed separation of five bands attributed to proteins of LHCI. Immunoblotting with monospecific antibodies and MS/MS analysis enabled the correct assignment of the four prominent bands to light-harvesting proteins Lhcal -4. The fifth band was recognized by o…

Gel electrophoresisGene isoformElectrophoresisProteomicsChromatographybiologyPhotosystem I Protein ComplexImmunoblottingMolecular Sequence DataLight-Harvesting Protein ComplexesContext (language use)Tandem mass spectrometrybiology.organism_classificationPhotosystem IBiochemistryLycopersiconMass SpectrometryIsoelectric pointBiochemistrySolanum lycopersicumSequence Analysis ProteinProtein IsoformsAmino Acid SequencePhotosystemBiochemistry
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Forensic animal DNA typing: Allele nomenclature and standardization of 14 feline STR markers

2014

Since the domestic cat (Felis catus) has become one of the most popular pets and owners usually develop a close relationship to their cats, it is necessary to take traces of cats into account for forensic casework. For this purpose feline short tandem (STR) repeat markers have been investigated in several earlier studies, but no detailed description of sequence data, allelic variations or a repeat-based nomenclature is available. The aim of the study was to provide a suggestion for the allele nomenclature of 14 cat STR markers according to the recommendations of the International Society for Forensic Genetics (ISFG) for human DNA typing and to present a standardized system for a secure DNA …

Genetic MarkersGeneticsBase SequenceSTR multiplex systemElectrophoresis CapillaryDNABiologyPolymerase Chain ReactionPathology and Forensic Medicinechemistry.chemical_compoundVariable number tandem repeatchemistryTerminology as TopicCatsGeneticsAnimalsTypingAlleleRepeated sequenceNomenclatureAllele frequencyAllelesDNADNA PrimersMicrosatellite RepeatsForensic Science International: Genetics
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Data for nine autosomal STRs markers from Valencia (East Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula)

2000

Nine STRs loci have been typed in a sample from Valencia, a population from the East Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula.

Genetic MarkersQuality ControlPopulationPolymerase Chain ReactionLinkage DisequilibriumWhite PeoplePathology and Forensic MedicineGene FrequencyPeninsulaHumansEast mediterraneaneducationValenciaInterneteducation.field_of_studygeographygeography.geographical_feature_categorybiologyMediterranean Regionbiology.organism_classificationDNA FingerprintingArchaeologySpainTandem Repeat SequencesPopulation dataLawSoftwareForensic Science International
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No association between two polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter gene and combined type attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

2008

Contains fulltext : 71091.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Several independent studies have reported association between serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) polymorphisms and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Five studies found evidence for association between the long-allele of a 44-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) and ADHD. Another two studies corroborated this finding while a further six studies did not find such an association. For a second polymorphism within the gene, a variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) within intron 2, one study demonstrated that the 12/12 genotype was significantly less frequent in ADHD cases compared to controls, while a sec…

Genetics and epigenetic pathways of disease [NCMLS 6]MedizinNeuroinformatics [DCN 3]0302 clinical medicinePolymorphism (computer science)GenotypePerception and Action [DCN 1]Childhealth care economics and organizationsSerotonin transporterGenetics (clinical)GeneticsSerotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins0303 health sciencesDepression030305 genetics & heredityTransmission disequilibrium testhumanitiesVariable number tandem repeatPsychiatry and Mental healthChild Preschool/dk/atira/pure/sustainabledevelopmentgoals/good_health_and_well_beingFunctional Neurogenomics [DCN 2]medicine.medical_specialtyAdolescenteducationBiologybehavioral disciplines and activitiesMental health [NCEBP 9]Genomic disorders and inherited multi-system disorders [IGMD 3]03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingCognitive neurosciences [UMCN 3.2]Internal medicinemental disordersmedicineAttention deficit hyperactivity disorderHumansGenetic Predisposition to Diseaseddc:610Medizinische Fakultät » Universitätsklinikum Essen » LVR-Klinikum Essen » Klinik für Psychiatrie Psychosomatik und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und JugendaltersAssociation (psychology)Gene030304 developmental biologyFamily HealthPolymorphism Geneticbusiness.industryMood Disordersmedicine.diseaseMoodEndocrinologyMood disordersGenetic defects of metabolism [UMCN 5.1]Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivitybiology.proteinbusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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The human complement C9 gene: structural analysis of the 5′ gene region and genetic polymorphism studies

2001

Summary C9 is the last of the human complement components creating the membrane attack complex. The single chain serum protein is encoded by a gene located on chromosome 5p13 that is composed of 11 exons. With the aid of inverse PCR, the hitherto unknown regions flanking exon 1 and the 3′ part of exon 11 (3′UTR) have been sequenced. A computer-based analysis of the 300-bp region located just upstream of the AUG start codon showed homologies to known DNA modules which affect the transcriptional regulation of certain genes. The most striking of these is a sequence that may substitute the missing TATA box in initiating C9 transcription. In the 3′UTR, three successive polyadenylation signals we…

GeneticsExonExon trappingSplice site mutationImmunologyGeneticsIntronSingle-nucleotide polymorphismTandem exon duplicationBiologyExon shufflingGeneMolecular biologyEuropean Journal of Immunogenetics
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Subrepeats result from regional DNA sequence conservation in tandem repeats in Chironomus telomeres

1990

Repeat units, widespread in eukaryotic genomes, are often partially or entirely built up of subrepeats. Homogenization between whole repeat units arranged in tandem usually can best be understood as a result of unequal crossing over. Such a mechanism is less plausible for maintaining similarities between subrepeats within a repeat unit when present in a regular array. In Chironomus telomeres, large blocks of tandemly repeated approximately 350 base-pair units contain two or three pairs of subrepeats with high mutual identities, embedded in linker DNA, non-repetitive within the repeat unit. Measurements of evolutionary base changes in two closely related species, Chironomus tentans and Chiro…

GeneticsGenomic LibraryUnequal crossing overBase SequencebiologyMolecular Sequence DataGene AmplificationDNAbiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionGenomeLinker DNAChironomidaeDNA sequencingSpecies SpecificityTandem repeatStructural BiologyMolecular evolutionSequence Homology Nucleic AcidAnimalsChironomusMolecular BiologyRepetitive Sequences Nucleic AcidRepeat unitJournal of Molecular Biology
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Validation and casework testing of the BioPlex-11 for STR typing of telogen hair roots.

2005

A new STR typing strategy has been developed allowing the simultaneous amplification and subsequent analysis of 11 polymorphic systems with amplicon sizes smaller than 270 bp. The multiplex amplification reaction includes six STR loci from the European standard set of loci (ESS) for DNA databases (D3S1358, D8S1179, D21S11, THO1, FGA and VWA) as well as four additional STR systems selected for their robustness (D2S1338, D12S391, TPOX and D5S818) together with the sex-specific locus amelogenin. After PCR amplification, the multiplex reaction is splitted into two sets of STR multiplexes by using biotin labelled primers only for one set. Using streptavidin-coated Sepharose beads five STR system…

GeneticsHeterozygoteAmelogeninSTR multiplex systemElectrophoresis CapillaryLocus (genetics)BiologyAmpliconDNA FingerprintingPolymerase Chain ReactionPathology and Forensic Medicinelaw.inventionDental Enamel ProteinslawTandem Repeat SequencesMicrosatelliteHumansMultiplexTypingAmelogeninLawHair FolliclePolymerase chain reactionForensic science international
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Signature of recent historical events in the European Y-chromosomal STR haplotype distribution

2005

Previous studies of human Y-chromosomal single-nucleotide polymorphisms (Y-SNPs) established a link between the extant Y-SNP haplogroup distribution and the prehistoric demography of Europe. By contrast, our analysis of seven rapidly evolving Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat loci (Y-STRs) in over 12,700 samples from 91 different locations in Europe reveals a signature of more recent historic events, not previously detected by other genetic markers. Cluster analysis based upon molecular variance yields two clearly identifiable sub-clusters of Western and Eastern European Y-STR haplotypes, and a diverse transition zone in central Europe, where haplotype spectra change more rapidly with longi…

GeneticsHistoryChromosomes Human YGenotypeDemographic historyHaplotypeContrast (statistics)BiologyPolymorphism Single NucleotideHaplogroupy DNA typingEastern europeanEuropePrehistoric demographyHaplotypesGenetic markerEvolutionary biologyTandem Repeat SequencesGeneticsMicrosatelliteHumansGenetics (clinical)
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