Search results for "target"

Best practices and recommendations for drug regimens and plasma exchange for immune thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

2021

Introduction Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a life-threatening thrombotic microangiopathy characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and organ injury. TTP pathophysiology is based on a severe ADAMTS13 deficiency, and is a medical emergency with fatal outcome if appropriate treatment is not initiated promptly. Areas covered Authors will review the best options currently available to minimize mortality, prevent relapses, and obtain the best clinical response in patients with immune TTP (iTTP). Available bibliography about iTTP treatment has been searched in Library's MEDLINE/PubMed database from January 1990 until April 2021. Expert opinion The general…

Subclinical Kidney Damage in Hypertensive Patients: A Renal Window Opened on the Cardiovascular System. Focus on Microalbuminuria

2017

The kidney is one of the major target organs of hypertension. Kidney damage represents a frequent event in the course of hypertension and arterial hypertension is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD has long been recognized as a strong predictor of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. However, over the past 20 years a large and consistent body of evidence has been produced suggesting that CV risk progressively increases as the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) declines and is already significantly elevated even in the earliest stages of renal damage. Data was supported by the very large collaborative metaanalysis of the Chronic Kidney Disease …

A targeted apoB38.9 mutation in mice is associated with reduced hepatic cholesterol synthesis and enhanced lipid peroxidation.

2006

Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) due to truncation-specifying mutations of apolipoprotein B (apoB), which impair hepatic lipid export in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles, is associated with fatty liver. In an FHBL-like mouse with the apoB38.9 mutation, fatty liver develops despite reduced hepatic fatty acid synthesis. However, hepatic cholesterol contents in apoB38.9 mice are normal. We found that cholesterogenic enzymes (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase, sterol-C5-desaturase, and 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase) were consistently downregulated in two separate expression-profiling experiments using a total of 19 mice ( n = 7 each for apob+/+and apob+/38.9, …

Lipid Activates mTORC1 and mTORC2 in the Absorption of Dietary Triglycerides

2018

Mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) senses amino acids; however, its role in lipid metabolism is less established. Organismal lipid requirements are largely met through dietary intake. How nutrient sensing mechanisms in gut interface with dietary fat remains unclear. Here we reveal fundamental and cooperative roles for mTOR complexes 1 and 2 (mTORC1/2) in absorption of dietary triglycerides. Dietary lipid activates mTORC1/2 signaling in gut. Hyperactivating mTORC1 by deleting Tsc1 is sufficient to promote triglyceride absorption and metabolic disease in high fat-fed mice. Conversely, blocking mTORC1/2 by deleting Raptor or Rictor each decreases triglyceride absorption. Loss of Raptor seq…

Biological target volume segmentation for radiotherapy treatment planning

2016

Adaptation and Refinement of Validated Risk Screening Tools in the Spanish Healthcare System

2013

Abstract The aim of this study is to develop a tool to screen elders at risk of hospital readmissions adapted to Spanish target population. The development of this new tool is based on the validated instrument The Community Assessment Risk Screen – CARS –, which is being applied in a sample of 1.000 older patients. The adaptation and refinement of CARS is being carried out through the compilation of new potential variables from primary care clinicians to predict patients at risk of readmissions. The introduction of this new instrument adapted to Spanish target population will provide a potential tool to identify prematurel y patients at risk of hospital readmissions.

Tumor Board and Molecular Tumor Board

2021

Specialized expertise and cooperation between different professional figures are increasingly needed for the management of cancer patients. Tumor boards (TB) can address this issue by gathering together different healthcare providers to periodically discuss challenging cases.

2021

Abstract Background Standard therapy for localised, resectable high risk soft tissue sarcomas consists of wide excision and radiotherapy over several weeks. This treatment schedule is hardly feasible in geriatric and frail patients. In order not to withhold radiotherapy from these patients, hypofractionated radiotherapy with 25 Gy in 5 fractions was evaluated in a geriatric patient population. Patients and methods A retrospective analysis was performed of 18 geriatric patients with resectable high risk soft tissue sarcomas of extremities and thoracic wall. Wound healing and short term oncologic outcome were analysed. In addition, dose constraints for radiotherapy of the extremities were tra…

Design and validation of appearance and content of an oral health questionnaire for parents or caregivers of children with cerebral palsy

2018

Introduction: Cerebral palsy is a syndrome that involves a large number of childhood movement and posture disorders, resulting in activity limitation. It is attributed to non-progressive alterations in the fetal or infant brain. This disorder can also be accompanied by oral alterations, some of which can be prevented if the caretaker knows how to manage them. An adequate knowledge of oral health on the part of the caregivers has a positive impact on the oral status of their patients. Objective: To design and validate a questionnaire to assess the oral health knowledge of caregivers of children with cerebral palsy. Methods: A literature search was conducted to identify published questionnair…

Cardiac arrest in older adult patients

2021

Purpose of review To describe the epidemiology, prognostication, and treatment of out- and in-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA and IHCA) in elderly patients. Recent findings Elderly patients undergoing cardiac arrest (CA) challenge the appropriateness of attempting cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Current literature suggests that factors traditionally associated with survival to hospital discharge and neurologically intact survival after CA cardiac arrest in general (e.g. presenting ryhthm, bystander CPR, targeted temperature management) may not be similarly favorable in elderly patients. Alternative factors meaningful for outcome in this special population include prearrest functional sta…