Search results for "task analysis"

Evidence against preserved syntactic comprehension in healthy aging.

2018

We investigated age-related differences in syntactic comprehension in young and older adults. Most previous research found no evidence of age-related decline in syntactic processing. We investigated elementary syntactic comprehension of minimal sentences (e.g., I cook), minimizing the influence of working memory. We also investigated the contribution of semantic processing by comparing sentences containing real verbs (e.g., I cook) versus pseudoverbs (e.g., I spuff). We measured the speed and accuracy of detecting syntactic agreement errors (e.g., I cooks, I spuffs). We found that older adults were slower and less accurate than younger adults in detecting syntactic agreement errors for both…

Developing motor planning over ages

2009

International audience; Few studies have explored the development of response selection processes in children in the case of object manipulation. In the current research, we studied the end-state comfort effect, the tendency to ensure a comfortable position at the end rather than at the beginning of simple object manipulation tasks. We used two versions of the unimanual bar transport task. In Experiment 1, only 10-year-olds reached the same level of sensitivity to end-state comfort as adults, and 8-year-olds were less efficient than 6-year-olds. In each age group, children’s sensitivity did not increase during a session: i.e., either clearly showed the sensitivity or showed no sensitivity a…

The Development of Perceptual Sensitivity to Second-Order Facial Relations in Children

2010

This study investigated children's perceptual ability to process second-order facial relations. In total, 78 children in three age groups (7, 9, and 11 years) and 28 adults were asked to say whether the eyes were the same distance apart in two side-by-side faces. The two faces were similar on all points except the space between the eyes, which was either the same or different, with various degrees of difference. The results showed that the smallest eye spacing children were able to discriminate decreased with age. This ability was sensitive to face orientation (upright or upside-down), and this inversion effect increased with age. It is concluded here that, despite early sensitivity to conf…

Neural Processing of Congruent and Incongruent Audiovisual Speech in School-Age Children and Adults

2017

Dynamic Community Detection for Brain Functional Networks during Music Listening with Block Component Analysis

2023

Publisher Copyright: Author The human brain can be described as a complex network of functional connections between distinct regions, referred to as the brain functional network. Recent studies show that the functional network is a dynamic process and its community structure evolves with time during continuous task performance. Consequently, it is important for the understanding of the human brain to develop dynamic community detection techniques for such time-varying functional networks. Here, we propose a temporal clustering framework based on a set of network generative models and surprisingly it can be linked to Block Component Analysis to detect and track the latent community structure…

Video-based Word Problems or Modelling Projects—Classifying ICT-based Modelling Tasks

2021

Mathematical modelling tasks increasingly feature the use of digital tools and media. In this chapter, we discuss the wide variety of these. Until now, classifications for modelling tasks did not consider the use of tools and media. Therefore, we developed a new classification for ICT-based modelling tasks. One class relates to mathematics; the others differentiate across (1) modelling aspects unrelated to tool and media, (2) the task context, (3) the digital tools and media (CAS, Wikipedia, type of feedback, etc.) and (4) students’ anticipated activities guided by task regulations, such as group work or time restrictions. The classification was validated with three example tasks. A visual …

Prediction of the difficulty level in a standardized reading comprehension test: contributions from cognitive psychology and psychometrics

2013

This research seeks to identify possible predictors of the difficulty level of reading comprehension items used in a standardized psychometric test for university admission. Several potential predictors of difficulty were proposed, namely, propositional density, negations, grammatical structure, vocabulary difficulty, presence of enhancement elements (words highlighted typographically), item abstraction level and degree of similarity between correct option and relevant text to resolve the item. By Linear Logistic Test Model (Fisher, 1973) it was found that the number of propositions, the syntactic structure, and fundamentally, the presence of difficult words contributed to the prediction of…

Understanding and Integrating Multiple Science Texts: Summary Tasks are Sometimes Better Than Argument Tasks

2010

One of the major challenges of a knowledge society is that students as well as other citizens must learn to understand and integrate information from multiple textual sources. Still, task and reader characteristics that may facilitate or constrain such intertextual processes are not well understood by researchers. In this study, we compare the effects of summary and argument essay tasks when undergraduates read seven different texts on a particular scientific topic, finding that an instruction to write summaries may lead to better understanding and integration than an instruction to write argument essays. We discuss several possible explanations for this result. We also found that beliefs a…

Attention Switching and Multimedia Learning: The Impact of Executive Resources on the Integrative Comprehension of Texts and Pictures

2014

The ability to flexibly allocate attention to goal-relevant information is pivotal for the completion of high-level cognitive processes. For instance, in comprehending illustrated texts, the reader permanently has to switch the attentional focus between the text and the corresponding picture in order to extract relevant information from both sources. Thus, the hypothesis was tested that individuals with a lower switching capacity exhibit a decreased performance in tasks that require the flexible switch of attention between two external representations. Participants read an illustrated text and answered questions that either required the extraction of information from the text alone or from …

Modeling RISC-V Processor in IP-XACT

2018

IP-XACT is the most used standard in IP (Intellectual Property) integration. It is intended as a language neutral golden reference, from which RTL and HW dependent SW is automatically generated. Despite its wide popularity in the industry, there are practically no public and open design examples for any part of the design flow from IP-XACT to synthesis. One reason is the difficulty of creating IP-XACT models for existing RTL projects. In this paper, we address the issues by modeling the PULPino RISC-V microprocessor that is written in SystemVerilog (SV) and the project distributed over several repositories. We propose how to solve the mismatching concepts between SV project and IP-XACT, and…