Search results for "techniques"

showing 10 items of 4426 documents

In vitro incorporation of amino acids into proteins stimulated by RNA from unfertilized sea urchin eggs.

1964

PhenylalanineBiophysicsIn Vitro TechniquesBiochemistrybiology.animalAnimalsRNA MessengerMolecular BiologySea urchinOvumchemistry.chemical_classificationAlaninebiologyLysineRNAValineCell BiologyIn vitroAmino acidRatsBiochemistrychemistryLiverFertilizationProtein BiosynthesisRNAFemaleEchinodermataBiochemical and biophysical research communications
researchProduct

Control of oxidative metabolism in volume-overloaded rat hearts: effects of different lipid substrates.

1994

The relationship between intracellular energy parameters and myocardial O2 consumption (VO2) was studied in control and volume-overloaded hearts perfused with different lipid substrates and over a range of left ventricular work loads. In control hearts, a unique linear relationship between log of cytosolic [ATP]/[ADPf].[Pi] (where [ADPf] is concentration of free ADP) and myocardial VO2 was observed between low and high work loads for both fatty acids studied. In volume-overloaded hearts perfused in the presence of exogenous palmitate, the slope of the relationship between log [ATP]/[ADPf].[Pi] and myocardial VO2 was considerably depressed. It would seem that, under these conditions, much o…

PhosphocreatinePhysiologyRespiratory chainPalmitic AcidCardiomegalyPalmitic AcidsIn Vitro TechniquesVentricular Function LeftPhosphatesAdenosine TriphosphateOxygen ConsumptionPhysiology (medical)RespirationPiAnimalsRespiratory systemRats WistarATP synthasebiologyMyocardiumSubstrate (chemistry)HeartCreatineNADRatsAdenosine DiphosphateCytosolBiochemistrybiology.proteinCaprylatesCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineEnergy MetabolismIntracellularThe American journal of physiology
researchProduct

Photoelectrochemical Techniques in Corrosion Studies

2005

Photoelectrochemical Techniques Corrosion layers passive filmsMaterials scienceMetallurgyCorrosion
researchProduct

Green phosphorescence and electroluminescence of sulfur pentafluoride-functionalized cationic iridium(III) complexes

2015

EZ-C acknowledges the University of St Andrews for financial support. We report four cationic iridium(III) complexes [Ir(C^N)2(dtBubpy)](PF6) that have sulfurpentafluoride-modified 1-phenylpyrazole and 2-phenylpyridine cyclometalating (C^N) ligands (dtBubpy = 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridyl). Three of the complexes were characterized by single-crystal X-ray structure analysis. In cyclic voltammetry, the complexes undergo reversible oxidation of iridium(III) and irreversible reduction of the SF5 group. They emit bright green phosphorescence in acetonitrile solution and in thin films at room temperature, with emission maxima between 482–519 nm and photoluminescence quantum yields of up to 7…

Photoluminescencechemistry.chemical_elementChemistry Techniques SyntheticCrystallography X-RayIridiumLigandsPhotochemistryInorganic ChemistryFluorideschemistry.chemical_compoundOrganometallic CompoundsQDIridiumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAcetonitrileTrifluoromethylMolecular StructureSulfur CompoundsCationic polymerizationDASElectrochemical TechniquesEquipment DesignQD ChemistrySulfurchemistryLuminescent MeasurementsCyclic voltammetryPhosphorescence
researchProduct

Photon reconstruction in the ATLAS Inner Detector and Liquid Argon Barrel Calorimeter at the 2004 Combined Test Beam

2011

The reconstruction of photons in the ATLAS detector is studied with data taken during the 2004 Combined Test Beam, where a full slice of the ATLAS detector was exposed to beams of particles of known energy at the CERN SPS. The results presented show significant differences in the longitudinal development of the electromagnetic shower between converted and unconverted photons as well as in the total measured energy. The potential to use the reconstructed converted photons as a means to precisely map the material of the tracker in front of the electromagnetic calorimeter is also considered. All results obtained are compared with a detailed Monte-Carlo simulation of the test-beam setup which i…

PhotonCiências Naturais::Ciências Físicastransition radiation detectors ; calorimeters ; large detector systems for particle and astroparticle physics ; particle tracking detectors ; solid-state detectorsPhysics::Instrumentation and Detectors:Ciências Físicas [Ciências Naturais]Transition radiation detectorsddc:500.201 natural sciencesSettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e SubnucleareNuclear physicsCalorimetersOpticsAtlas (anatomy)0103 physical sciencesmedicine[PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex]WaferDetectors and Experimental Techniques010306 general physicsInstrumentationMathematical PhysicsPhysicsLarge Hadron ColliderScience & Technology010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryLarge detector systems for particle and astroparticle physicsDetectorSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleCalorimetermedicine.anatomical_structureParticle tracking detectors (Solid-state detectors)High Energy Physics::ExperimentbusinessEnergy (signal processing)Beam (structure)
researchProduct

A precise photometric ratio via laser excitation of the sodium layer - I. One-photon excitation using 342.78 nm light

2020

The largest uncertainty on measurements of dark energy using type Ia supernovae is presently due to systematics from photometry; specifically to the relative uncertainty on photometry as a function of wavelength in the optical spectrum. We show that a precise constraint on relative photometry between the visible and near-infrared can be achieved in upcoming surveys (such as in LSST at the Vera C. Rubin Observatory) via a mountaintop-located laser source tuned to the 342.78 nm vacuum excitation wavelength of neutral sodium atoms. Using a high-power (500 W) laser modified from laser guide star studies, this excitation will produce an artificial star (which we term a "laser photometric ratio s…

PhotonCosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)FOS: Physical sciencesAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysicslaw.inventionPhotometry (optics)techniques: photometricOpticslawAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysicsdark energyInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)Astrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsPhysicsbusiness.industrymethods:observationalAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsSodium layerAstronomy and AstrophysicstelescopesLaser[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]instrumentation: miscellaneousWavelengthLaser guide starSpace and Planetary Science[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]instrumentation:miscellaneousmethods: observationalbusinesstechniques:photometricAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsExcitationVisible spectrumAstrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
researchProduct

An XMM-Newton and INTEGRAL view on the hard state of EXO 1745-248 during its 2015 outburst

2017

CONTEXT - Transient low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs) often show outbursts lasting typically a few-weeks and characterized by a high X-ray luminosity ($L_{x} \approx 10^{36}-10^{38}$ erg/sec), while for most of the time they are found in X-ray quiescence ($L_X\approx10^{31} -10^{33}$ erg/sec). EXO 1745-248 is one of them. AIMS - The broad-band coverage, and the sensitivity of instrument on board of {\xmm} and {\igr}, offers the opportunity to characterize the hard X-ray spectrum during {\exo} outburst. METHODS - In this paper we report on quasi-simultaneous {\xmm} and {\igr} observations of the X-ray transient {\exo} located in the globular cluster Terzan 5, performed ten days after the begin…

PhotonX-rays: BinarieAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesTechniques: SpectroscopicAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsAstrophysicsneutron; Techniques: Spectroscopic; X-rays: Binaries; X-rays: Bursts; X-rays: Individuals: EXO 1745-248; Astronomy and Astrophysics; Space and Planetary Science [Stars]01 natural sciencesIonization0103 physical sciencesX-rays: BurstAstrophysics::Solar and Stellar AstrophysicsEmission spectrum010303 astronomy & astrophysicsAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)Physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsAstronomy and AstrophysicsRadiusAstronomy and AstrophysicStars: neutronNeutron starSpace and Planetary ScienceGlobular clusterElectron temperatureAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaX-rays: Individuals: EXO 1745-248Doppler broadening
researchProduct

AAV-Mediated Clarin-1 Expression in the Mouse Retina: Implications for USH3A Gene Therapy

2015

Usher syndrome type III (USH3A) is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in clarin-1 (CLRN1) gene, leading to progressive retinal degeneration and sensorineural deafness. Efforts to develop therapies for preventing photoreceptor cell loss are hampered by the lack of a retinal phenotype in the existing USH3 mouse models and by conflicting reports regarding the endogenous retinal localization of clarin-1, a transmembrane protein of unknown function. In this study, we used an AAV-based approach to express CLRN1 in the mouse retina in order to determine the pattern of its subcellular localization in different cell types. We found that all major classes of retinal cells express AAV…

Photoreceptors0301 basic medicineRetinal degenerationSensory ReceptorsPhysiologyUsher syndromeCell Membraneslcsh:MedicineSocial SciencesNervous SystemPhotoreceptor cellMicechemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineAnimal CellsMedicine and Health SciencesPsychologylcsh:ScienceNeuronsRegulation of gene expressionGeneticsMultidisciplinaryRetinal DegenerationAnimal ModelsDependovirusCell biologyElectrophysiologymedicine.anatomical_structureSensory PerceptionCellular TypesAnatomyCellular Structures and OrganellesUsher SyndromesResearch ArticleSignal TransductionCell typeImaging TechniquesOcular AnatomyNeurophysiologyOuter plexiform layerMouse ModelsBiologyResearch and Analysis MethodsRetina03 medical and health sciencesModel OrganismsOcular SystemFluorescence ImagingmedicineAnimalsHumansRetinalcsh:RMembrane ProteinsBiology and Life SciencesAfferent NeuronsRetinalGenetic TherapyCell Biologymedicine.diseaseDisease Models Animal030104 developmental biologyGene Expression RegulationchemistrySynapsesEyeslcsh:QHead030217 neurology & neurosurgeryNeurosciencePLOS ONE
researchProduct

Sodium channels enable fast electrical signaling and regulate phagocytosis in the retinal pigment epithelium

2019

Background Voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels have traditionally been considered a trademark of excitable cells. However, recent studies have shown the presence of Nav channels in several non-excitable cells, such as astrocytes and macrophages, demonstrating that the roles of these channels are more diverse than was previously thought. Despite the earlier discoveries, the presence of Nav channel-mediated currents in the cells of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) has been dismissed as a cell culture artifact. We challenge this notion by investigating the presence and possible role of Nav channels in RPE both ex vivo and in vitro. Results Our work demonstrates that several subtypes of Nav cha…

PhotoreceptorsPatch-Clamp TechniquesHuman Embryonic Stem CellsfagosytoosiRetinal Pigment EpitheliumSodium ChannelsRetinaBiokemia solu- ja molekyylibiologia - Biochemistry cell and molecular biologyMicePhagocytosisGenetiikka kehitysbiologia fysiologia - Genetics developmental biology physiologyAnimalsHumans3125 Otorhinolaryngology ophthalmologylcsh:QH301-705.5soluviestintä1184 Genetics developmental biology physiology3112 Neurosciences217 Medical engineeringaistinreseptoritMice Inbred C57BLlcsh:Biology (General)Na-vIon channelsproteiinitRPEPatch clampverkkokalvoNeurotieteet - NeurosciencesNavSignal TransductionResearch Article
researchProduct

Photoreceptor vitality in organotypic cultures of mature vertebrate retinas validated by light-dependent molecular movements

2006

AbstractVertebrate photoreceptor cells are polarized neurons highly specialized for light absorption and visual signal transduction. Photoreceptor cells consist of the light sensitive outer segment and the biosynthetic active inner segment linked by a slender connecting cilium. The function of mature photoreceptor cells is strictly dependent on this compartmentalization which is maintained in the specialized retinal environment. To keep this fragile morphologic and functional composition for further cell biological studies and treatments we established organotypic retina cultures of mature mice and Xenopus laevis. The organotypic retina cultures of both model organisms are created as co-cul…

Photoreceptorsgenetic structuresMouseXenopusCellved/biology.organism_classification_rank.speciesXenopusGene deliverySignal transductionRetinaMicechemistry.chemical_compoundOrgan Culture TechniquesOrganotypic retina cultureIn Situ Nick-End LabelingmedicineAnimalsPhotoreceptor CellsTransducinModel organismVision OcularRetinaArrestinbiologyved/biologyRetinalbiology.organism_classificationLight-dependent movementsSensory Systemseye diseasesCell biologyMice Inbred C57BLProtein TransportOphthalmologymedicine.anatomical_structureMicroscopy FluorescencechemistryCell cultureVertebratesTransducinsense organsPhotic StimulationVision Research
researchProduct