Search results for "technological change"
showing 10 items of 98 documents
La création de communs dans les fablabs : une force de disruption à développer
2019
International audience
Startup du vin entre vrais apports et faux semblants
2018
Le numérique bouleverse tous les champs de l'économie et le secteur du vin n'y échappe pas. En effet, même dans ce domaine, aux traditions bien ancrées, les méthodes évoluent considérablement et les acteurs nouveaux se multiplient. Que ce soit dans les vignes, pendant la vinification, en cave ou lors de la vente ou même pour la dégustation, la numérisation des procédés et des échanges est devenue omniprésente. Les start-up l'ont bien compris et font le pari de révolutionner le monde vitivinicole en bouleversant les codes pour simplifier le travail du vigneron et ouvrir le marché du vin à de nouveaux publics.
Is there a Market Value for Energy Performance in a Local Private Housing Market ? An efficiency analysis approach
2018
This paper aims to find evidence of a “green value” in a local housing market using notarial data on a small urban area in France. We use frontier functions, an original approach that departs from customary hedonistic regressions, to model housing market prices as a production set bordered by an efficiency frontier estimated by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The paper tests if difference in prices (i.e. the distance from the frontier) can be explained by energy performance measured as a normalized categorical ascending kWh/m²/year grade (or Energy Performance Certificate -EPC). We show that there is significative evidence for energy performance's market value. The “Green Property Value” i…
On the Returns to Invention within Firms: Evidence from Finland
2018
International audience; In this paper we merge individual income data, firm-level data, patenting data, and IQ data in Finland over the period 1988–2012 to analyze the returns to invention for inventors and their coworkers or stakeholders within the same firm. We find that: (i) inventors collect only 8 percent of the total private return from invention; (ii) entrepreneurs get over 44 percent of the total gains; (iii) bluecollar workers get about 26 percent of the gains and the rest goes to white-collar workers. Moreover, entrepreneurs start with significant negative returns prior to the patent application, but their returns subsequently become highly positive.
Diffusion Models in Analysing Emerging Technology-based Services
2005
In this article we discuss the problems of utilizing innovation diffusion (or, adoption) models in developing scenarios for mobile commerce services in three European countries: Finland, Germany, and Greece. We are not to test the various diffusion models as such, but rather to utilise the fundamental ideas of the models in determining the prerequisites for, the status of, and the pace of diffusion of mobile services in these different market areas. The estimates would serve as a starting point and as a validity check for scenario development. The early experience at the research design phase show that the ‘mainstream’ diffusion approach is vulnerable to three factors specific to the adopti…
Technology spillover and TFP growth: A spatial Durbin model
2016
Beginning with a model in which technological progress is reflected by product variety, we provide a structural approach to estimate technology spillovers allowing for spatial interdependencies. To this end, we first present a theoretical model of TFP growth by decomposing TFP into quality and variety components. We address the quality component by introducing a country׳s distance to the technological frontier. Quality is assumed to be a negative function of the technological gap of country i with respect to its own technological frontier. This technological threshold is defined as the geometric means of knowledge levels in all countries. We deal with the variety component by using R&D expe…
Open Science now: A systematic literature review for an integrated definition
2018
Abstract Open Science is a disruptive phenomenon that is emerging around the world and especially in Europe. Open Science brings about socio-cultural and technological change, based on openness and connectivity, on how research is designed, performed, captured, and assessed. Several studies show that there is a lack of awareness about what Open Science is, mainly due to the fact that there is no formal definition of Open Science. The purpose of this paper is to build a rigorous, integrated, and up-to-date definition of the Open Science phenomenon through a systematic literature review. The resulting definition “Open Science is transparent and accessible knowledge that is shared and develope…
Organizational innovation as an enabler of technological innovation capabilities and firm performance
2014
Abstract This study assesses the relationship between organizational innovation and technological innovation capabilities, and analyzes their effect on firm performance using a resource-based view theoretical framework. The article presents empirical evidence from a survey of 144 Spanish industrial firms and modeling of a system of structural equations using partial least squares. The results confirm that organizational innovation favors the development of technological innovation capabilities and that both organizational innovation and technological capabilities for products and processes can lead to superior firm performance.
Teacher trainees' experiences of the components of ICT competencies and key factors in ICT competence development in work-based vocational teacher tr…
2022
International journal for research in vocational education and training 9 (2022) 2, S. 146-166
Neoclassical Growth, Environment and Technological Change: The Environmental Kuznets Curve
2009
The paper investigates socially optimal patterns of economic growth and environmental quality in a neoclassical growth model with endogenous technological progress. In the model, the environmental quality affects positively not only to utility but also to production. However, cleaner technologies can be used in the economy whether a part of the output is used in environmentally oriented R&D. In this framework, if the initial level of capital is low then the shadow price of a cleaner technology is low relative to the cost of developing it given by the marginal utility of consumption and it is not worth investing in R&D. Thus, there will be a first stage of growth based only on the accumulati…