Search results for "tectonic"

Flow and Deformation

1998

A hunter who investigates tracks in muddy ground near a waterhole may be able to reconstruct which animals arrived last, but older tracks will be partly erased or modified. A geologist faces similar problems to reconstruct the changes in shape that a volume of rock underwent in the course of geological time, since the end products, the rocks that are visible in outcrop, are the only direct data source. In many cases it is nevertheless possible to reconstruct at least part of the tectonic history of a rock from this final fabric. This chapter treats the change in shape of rocks and the methods that can be used to investigate and describe this change in shape. This is the field of kinematics,…

Active tectonics in the Calabrian Arc: Insights from the Late Miocene to Recent structural evolution of the Squillace Basin (offshore eastern Calabri…

2023

The Calabrian Arc represents one of the most active sectors of the upper plate of the Tyrrhenian-Ionian subduction system. This research aims to reconstruct the evolution of the Squillace Basin (Ionian offshore of the Calabrian Arc) from the Late Miocene to Recent times and recognise active shallow and deep structures using a multiscale approach. The latter is based on interpreting high-penetration and high-resolution seismic reflection profiles, calibrated with well-log data coupled with bathymetric data and the distribution of instrumental earthquakes. Data highlight three steps in the evolution of the Squillace Basin. A Late Miocene extensional event led to the formation of WNW-ESE orien…

Geometry and modeling of an active offshore thrust-related fold system: The Amendolara Ridge, Ionian Sea, southern Italy

2012

On the Ionian Sea coast of southern Italy, spanning the transition from the Calabrian Arc to the Apennines, NE-directed motion of the thin-skinned frontal thrust belt of the Apennines toward the Apulian foreland reportedly ceased during the Early-Middle Pleistocene (PATACCA & SCANDONE, 2007). Deformation since then was dominated by the regional uplift of the Calabrian Arc (WESTAWAY, 1993; CUCCI & CINTI, 1998). However, detailed structural and geomorphologic analysis has revealed that uplift of Middle Pleistocene and younger marine terraces not only ensues from a regional-scale process, but also reflects a smaller-wavelength component of shortening which is attributed to recent, deeper activ…

Results of the DEKORP 1 (BELCORP-DEKORP) deep seismic reflection studies in the western part of the Rhenish Massif

1991

Summary Within the DEKORP project (DEKORP: Deutsches Kontinentales Reflexionsseismisches Programm) a joint deep seismic reflection venture with the BELCORP (Belgian Continental Reflection Seismic Programme) group of the Belgian Geological Survey was carried out in 1987 across the Rhenish Massif, a part of the mid-European Variscides. This orogenic belt developed in the Upper Devonian/Carboniferous. Mostly Devonian rocks crop out at the surface. The Rhenish Massif is bordered by two sedimentary troughs: the sub-Variscan Foredeep in the north and the Permo-Carboniferous Saar-Nahe Basin in the south. In the east-west direction it is subdivided by the axial depression of the Eifel Nord-Sud Zone…

1993

The miocene deposits of the Quesa basin (Betic foreland) outcrops in the central part of the Valencia province (Spain). Quesa basin is a subsiding hanging-wall basin related to an ENE-WSW listric fault system. The deposits of this basin are formed by a 440 metres thick sequence of red clays, containing few intercalations of sandstones and micritic white limestones, and breccias. The upper 70 metres of this sequence is a wedge-shaped unit composed by breccias containing megablocks, wich interfinger with tabular limestones towards the central part of the basin. The breccias are foot-wall derived debris fiow deposits formed during normal faulting. A mammal site close to the base of the breccia…

Tectonic beheading of fluvial valleys in the Maestrat grabens (eastern Spain): Insights into slip rates of Pleistocene extensional faults

2013

Abstract Interaction between faulting and landscape evolution in regions of active tectonics allows us to use subtle geomorphological markers for estimating fault slip rates. Geomorphic features of two valleys connected with the bottom of the Alcala de Xivert graben, at the Maestrat graben system (eastern Spain), suggest that they correspond to the lowest segments of ancient valleys whose original heads were located at the axis of the neighbouring Irta range. They were beheaded owing to displacement of the Torreblanca and Irta faults during a period of active extensional faulting in Middle Pleistocene times. These faults produced a negative inversion of the relief, sinking a narrow graben (…

Elusive active faults in a low strain rate region (Sicily, Italy): Hints from a multidisciplinary land-to-sea approach

2022

Low Strain Rate regions (LSRrs), i.e., areas undergoing tectonic deformation at rates of 1 mm/yr or less, often host important cities and highly vulnerable anthropogenic assets, and due to their subdued topography and relatively infrequent seismicity, are often considered low seismic hazard areas. Despite this, infrequent but high-magnitude earthquakes in such regions suggest that identifying active structures in the LSRr is one of the primary challenges for both the scientific community and modern societies. In such regions, one of the main issues in identifying active faults is the lack of valuable outcrop data due to erosional/sedimentation rates overwhelming the fault deformation, causi…

Foreland Basin System Evolution along the Sicilian Fold and Thrust Belt

2016

Foreland Basin System tettono-sedimentary evolution along the Sicilian Fold and Thrust Belt

BLANCO AL CUADRADO. Arquitectura blanca en hormigón blanco

2020

[EN] The white color in architecture has a particular dimension for technical-functional, sensory and, above all, spatial reasons. It also contains the symbolic values that over time have determined a kind of myth -with ancient and uncertain origins, but present to contemporary times. The use of the raw concrete allows the construction of intrinsically white buildings, with the possibility of obtaining monomaterial and monochromatic constructions. Throughout the twentieth century, and even today, the mechanical characteristics of white concrete have been continuously implemented and their modalities of use have expanded not only in performance capabilities but also in the aesthetic and expr…

Transfer of mantle derived fluids across the Calabrian-Peloritan arc: tectonic and geodynamic implications

2019

Mantle degassing occurs principally through active volcanic systems and young oceanic lithosphere. Tectonically active regions on the continental crust may additionally contribute a (poorly quantified) fraction of the deep CO2 budget. We studied volatiles in thermal manifestations along the seismically active Nebrodi-Peloritani chains (NE Sicily), to investigate the origin of thermalism and the sources of the outgassing fluids. The geological evolution of the area has been controlled by the interaction between the European and African plates and links the African Maghreb with the European Apennines. The collected samples exhibit 3He excess, supporting active outgassing of mantle-derived vol…