Search results for "threshold"

showing 10 items of 688 documents

Valence bands of poly(methylmethacrylate) and photoion emission in vacuum ultraviolet region

1992

Photoion and photoelectron yields were measured for poly(methylmethacrylate) in the photon energy region of 8–40 eV using synchrotron radiation. Further, the valence‐band structure was investigated with ultraviolet photoelectron spectra and valence effective Hamiltonian calculations. A significant difference was observed between the photon energy dependencies of photoion and photoelectron yields. The threshold energy for photoion emission was found to be 10.5 eV, while that for photoelectron emission was 8.5 eV, indicating holes created near the valence‐band top do not contribute to the ion emission. At the higher‐energy region, the ion emission efficiency was found to be enhanced in the ph…

PmmaValence BandsAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaGeneral Physics and AstronomySynchrotron radiationPhotoelectron photoion coincidence spectroscopyAstrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic AstrophysicsPhoton energymedicine.disease_causeSpectral lineX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyEv Range 10−100:FÍSICA [UNESCO]medicinePmma ; Ion Emission ; Electron Emission ; Photoelectron Spectroscopy ; Ev Range 10−100 ; Valence Bands ; Band StructurePhysics::Atomic and Molecular ClustersIon EmissionPhysics::Atomic PhysicsElectron EmissionBand StructureAstrophysics::Galaxy AstrophysicsValence (chemistry)ChemistryPhotoelectron SpectroscopyUNESCO::FÍSICAThreshold energyAtomic physicsUltraviolet
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Color difference threshold of chromostereopsis induced by flat display emission

2015

The study of chromostereopsis has gained attention in the backdrop of the use of computer displays in daily life. In this context, we analyze the illusory depth sense using planar color images presented on a computer screen. We determine the color difference threshold required to induce an illusory sense of depth psychometrically using a constant stimuli paradigm. Isoluminant stimuli are presented on a computer screen, which stimuli are aligned along the blue–red line in the computer display CIE xyY color space. Stereo disparity is generated by increasing the color difference between the central and surrounding areas of the stimuli with both areas consisting of random dots on a black backgr…

Point spread functionChromostereopsisstereo disparityColor differencePixelgenetic structuresbusiness.industrylcsh:BF1-990eye chromatic aberrationsContext (language use)Pupilfusion of retinal imageslcsh:PsychologyPlanarperception thresholdColor chartPsychologychromostereopsisComputer visionArtificial intelligenceStereodisparitybusinessPsychologyGeneral PsychologyOriginal ResearchFrontiers in Psychology
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Assessment of ventilatory thresholds from heart rate variability in five incremental treadmill tests in cross country skiers

2014

Incremental treadmill tests are widely used in the field of exercise physiology for the assessment of Ventilatory Thresholds for clinical and sport oriented issues. The assessment of Ventilatory Thresholds (VTs) from Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a relatively new approach with increasing popularity because it is a non-invasive and economical method. Nevertheless, this has not been used in Cross Country (XC) Skiing, an endurance sport where the knowledge of VTs holds special importance. The purpose of the study was to assess VTs using the data derived from HRV analysis in the five main XC skiing-related techniques, Double Poling (DP), Diagonal Striding (DS), Nordic Walking (NW), V1 Skating…

Poling FrequencyVentilatory ThresholdssykeCross Country SkiExercise PhysiologyHRVHeart Rate VariabilityBreathing FrequencyliikuntafysiologiaAssessmenthiihtohiihtäjät
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Polypropylene-based melt mixed composites with singlewalled carbon nanotubes for thermoelectric applications: Switching from p-type to n-type by the …

2017

Abstract The thermoelectric properties of melt processed conductive nanocomposites consisting of an insulating polypropylene (PP) matrix filled with singlewalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and copper oxide (CuO) were evaluated. An easy and cheap route to switch p-type composites into n-type was developed by adding polyethylene glycol (PEG) during melt mixing. At the investigated CNT concentrations of 0.8 wt% and 2 wt% (each above the electrical percolation threshold of ∼0.1 wt%), and a fixed CuO content of 5 wt%, the PEG addition converted p-type composites (positive Seebeck coefficient (S)) into n-type (negative S). PEG was also found to improve the filler dispersion inside the matrix. Two co…

PolypropyleneMaterials scienceNanocompositePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryPercolation threshold02 engineering and technologyPolyethylene glycolCarbon nanotube010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrylawSeebeck coefficientPEG ratioThermoelectric effectMaterials ChemistryComposite material0210 nano-technologyPolymer
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Selezione di Portafoglio e Metaeuristiche

2013

Il problema della selezione del portafoglio (PSP) ha come obiettivo quello di determinare, disponendo di un dato insieme di titoli, il portafoglio che minimizza una misura di rischio per un dato livello di rendimento minimo richiesto. Sebbene nella sua formulazione originaria il PSP può essere risolto utilizzando algoritmi di programmazione lineare o quadratica, l'inclusione di ulteriori vincoli ed obiettivi rende il problema computazionalmente difficile. Nel presente lavoro viene proposto un approccio metaeuristico al PSP in cui vengono considerate diverse misure di distanza tra i portafogli della frontiera efficiente (Mean-Variance) ed il portafoglio ottimo che si ottiene in corrispondenz…

Portfolio selection Problem Index tracking Threshold Accepting
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The analysis of poverty in Italy. A fuzzy dynamic approach

2004

The commonly used criterion to sharply separate the poor from the non poor on the basis of a poverty threshold appears to be too severe in comparison with the nature of poverty. The latter is multidimensional in its components (domain) and continue in its states (codomain). Moreover an income-based poverty line allows for a remarkable number of spurious transitions below and over that line, which do not correspond to true variations in household’s standard of living. This study starts from the analysis of common (with crisp states) transition matrices; then a fuzzy multidimensional poverty indicator is built. In conclusion, fuzzy states transition matrices synthesize interpretative content …

PovertyCodomainBasis (linear algebra)Statistics & ProbabilityDevelopment economicsEconometricsEconomicsMathematics AppliedStandard of livingSpurious relationshipBritish Household Panel SurveyFuzzy logicPoverty threshold
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Multivariate denoising methods combining wavelets and principal component analysis for mass spectrometry data

2010

The identification of new diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers is one of the main aims of clinical cancer research. In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using mass spectrometry for the detection of such biomarkers. The MS signal resulting from MALDI-TOF measurements is contaminated by different sources of technical variations that can be removed by a prior pre-processing step. In particular, denoising makes it possible to remove the random noise contained in the signal. Wavelet methodology associated with thresholding is usually used for this purpose. In this study, we adapted two multivariate denoising methods that combine wavelets and PCA to MS data. The objective was to o…

Principal Component AnalysisMultivariate statisticsbusiness.industryComputer scienceDimensionality reductionNoise reductionClinical BiochemistryAnalytical chemistryReproducibility of ResultsPattern recognitionBiochemistrySignalThresholdingMass SpectrometryIdentification (information)WaveletMultivariate AnalysisPrincipal component analysisHumansArtificial intelligenceDatabases ProteinbusinessMolecular BiologyPROTEOMICS
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Measurement of proton electromagnetic form factors in the time-like region using initial state radiation at BESIII

2021

Physics letters / B 817, 136328 (2021). doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136328

Protonannihilation [electron positron]01 natural sciencesform factor [electron]High Energy Physics - ExperimentSubatomär fysikHigh Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)BESIII; Electromagnetic form factors; Initial state radiation; ProtonSubatomic Physicsangular distributionNuclear ExperimentPhysicsPhysicsForm factor (quantum field theory)initial-state interaction [radiation]Beijing Stormagnetic [form factor]ratio [form factor]electron positron --> p anti-pcolliding beams [electron positron]ProtonInitial State Radiationpair production [p]electromagnetic [form factor]Born approximationNuclear and High Energy Physicsdata analysis methodQC1-999FOS: Physical sciencesRadiation5303.773-4.600 GeV-cmsNONuclear physicsCross section (physics)Angular distributionElectromagnetic form factors0103 physical sciencesform factor [p]tree approximationddc:530010306 general physicsinitial stateBES010308 nuclear & particles physicshelicity [p]BESIIIState (functional analysis)(p anti-p) [mass spectrum]Electromagnetic form FactorsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentproduction [threshold]Initial state radiationexperimental results
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Prussian blue films deposited on graphite+epoxy composite electrodes: electrochemical detection of the second percolation threshold

2000

Abstract The electrochemical behavior of Prussian blue films galvanostatically electrodeposited on graphite+epoxy-resin composite electrodes was studied. The composite electrodes were prepared with different graphite proportions and their effect on electrochemical reduction of the Prussian blue was analyzed by means of the uncompensated resistance approximation and the electrical percolation theory. The results suggest that the electrode with 60% graphite reaches the second percolation threshold and its internal structure changes from a compact to a porous one. Mechanical tensile tests were performed in order to confirm the critical behavior of this material at the percolation thresholds. T…

Prussian blueGeneral Chemical EngineeringComposite numberPercolation thresholdAnalytical ChemistryCondensed Matter::Materials Sciencechemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPercolation theoryPercolationElectrodeElectrochemistryGraphiteComposite materialCyclic voltammetryJournal of Electroanalytical Chemistry
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Ohmic drop of Prussian-blue/graphite+epoxy electrodes

1999

Abstract Ohmic drop effects on the voltammogram shape of the Prussian-blue⇌Everitt’s salt system have been studied by considering the electroactive film model. As the uncompensated resistance varies, the experimental characteristic curve parameters also varies. A dependence of the voltammograms with the graphite proportion was found related with the ohmic drop due to the composite electrodes. The optimal graphite proportion to obtain a good faradaic-to-charge current ratio was 62% in weight which coincides with the second percolation threshold. The ohmic overpotential, which relates the ohmic drop with the electrochemical magnitudes, is also minimum at this proportion.

Prussian blueMaterials scienceGeneral Chemical EngineeringDrop (liquid)Analytical chemistryPercolation thresholdOverpotentialchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryElectrodeElectrochemistryGraphiteOhmic contactElectrode potentialElectrochimica Acta
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