Search results for "thyroid gland"

Compromised central tolerance of ICA69 induces multiple organ autoimmunity

2014

For reasons not fully understood, patients with an organ-specific autoimmune disease have increased risks of developing autoimmune responses against other organs/tissues. We identified ICA69, a known β-cell autoantigen in Type 1 diabetes, as a potential common target in multi-organ autoimmunity. NOD mice immunized with ICA69 polypeptides exhibited exacerbated inflammation not only in the islets, but also in the salivary glands. To further investigate ICA69 autoimmunity, two genetically modified mouse lines were generated to modulate thymic ICA69 expression: the heterozygous ICA69(del/wt) line and the thymic medullary epithelial cell-specific deletion Aire-ΔICA69 line. Suboptimal central neg…

Identification of ERp29, an endoplasmic reticulum lumenal protein, as a new member of the thyroglobulin folding complex.

2002

Folding and post-translational modification of the thyroid hormone precursor, thyroglobulin (Tg), in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of the thyroid epithelial cells is facilitated by several molecular chaperones and folding enzymes, such as BiP, GRP94, calnexin, protein disulfide isomerase, ERp72, and others. They have been shown to associate simultaneously and/or sequentially with Tg in the course of its maturation, thus forming large heterocomplexes in the ER of thyrocytes. Here we present evidence that such complexes include a novel member, an ER-resident lumenal protein, ERp29, which is present in all mammalian tissues with exceptionally high levels of expression in the secretory cells. …

Skull-Cervico-Mandibular Unit: Correlation between Hyoid Bone, Thyroid Gland and Posture

2010

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the postural control of the patient with pathology or surgery of the neck area. We have examined a group of subjects with thyroid pathology and destined to total thyroidectomy. Method: Our sample comprised 10 patients (7 female and 3 male; mean age 50,9±15,8). They have been submitted to postural examination, before and after total thyroidectomy, using the baropodometric platform, the scoliosismeter and the ocular convergence test. All the values obtained from the baropodometric tests executed before and after thyroidectomy have been compared using a statistical analysis. The T Student test and a significant level of 5% (a=0,05;p£,05) have been …

Identification of biomarkers for diagnosis of thyroid cancer and exploration of their functional role in cancer development

2015

Elektroniskā versija nesatur pielikumus

Thyroid sarcoidosis as a unique localization.

2006

Sarcoidosis is a systemic disorder characterized by granulomatous lesions, principally affecting the lungs. There are numerous reports in the literature of an associated involvement of the thyroid, much more frequently in hypothyroid than in hyperthyroid subjects. The present case report refers to a woman presenting with thyroid nodules and normal biochemical levels and thyroid function parameters, while histology revealed sarcoid-type lesions. Subsequent investigations and a long follow-up showed no evidence of involvement of other sites, including the lungs. Consequently, after a long period of normal health associated with the negative results of the examinations, a diagnosis of sarcoido…

2021

BACKGROUND Studies investigating a potential association between hypothyroidism and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) showed conflicting results and large-scale population-based data from Germany on this topic are currently missing. OBJECTIVE It was the aim of this analysis to investigate the impact of thyroid gland disorders on the prevalence of NAFLD in Germany. METHODS In this case-control study, using the German disease Analyzer database (IQVIA), NAFLD patients were matched to patients without NAFLD by age, sex, index year, treating physician, diabetes mellitus type II, and obesity. The main outcome of the study was an association between thyroid gland disorders (hypothyroidism,…

Annexin-1 downregulation in thyroid cancer correlates to the degree of tumour differentiation

2006

We investigated the expression of annexin-1 (ANXA1) in thyroid carcinoma cell lines and in thyroid cancers with a different degree of differentiation. The highest level of ANXA1 expression examined by Western blotting was detected in the papillary carcinoma cells (NPA) and in the follicular cells (WRO). On the other hand, the most undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma cells (ARO and FRO) presented the lowest level of ANXA1 expression. In surgical tissue specimens from 32 patients with thyroid cancers, we found high immunoreactivity for ANXA1 in papillary (PTC) and follicular (FTC) thyroid cancers while in undifferentiated thyroid cancers (UTC) the expression of the protein was barely detectabl…

Autoimmune thyroid disease: new models of cell death in autoimmunity

2002

Autoimmunity to thyroid antigens leads to two distinct pathogenic processes with opposing clinical outcomes: hypothyroidism in Hashimoto's thyroiditis and hyperthyroidism in Graves' disease. The high frequency of these diseases and easy accessibility of the thyroid gland has allowed the identification of key pathogenic mechanisms in organ-specific autoimmune diseases. In early investigations, antibody- and T-cell-mediated death mechanisms were proposed as being responsible for autoimmune thyrocyte depletion. Later, studies on apoptosis have provided new insights into autoimmune target destruction, indicating the involvement of death receptors and cytokine-regulated apoptotic pathways in the…

Expression of neurotrophins, GDNF, and their receptors in rat thyroid tissue

1999

Levels of mRNA for neurotrophins (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF; neurotrophin 3, NT-3; neurotrophin 4, NT-4) and their receptors (trkA, trkB, trkC) and for glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and its receptors (ret, GDNFR-alpha) were measured in rat thyroid tissue by ribonuclease protection assays. In thyroid tissue the NT-3 mRNA level was threefold lower and the NT-4 mRNA level sixfold higher than those detected in adult rat hippocampus, while BDNF mRNA was undetectable. Very low levels of mRNA for truncated trkB and trkC receptors and no catalytic trkA, trkB or trkC were found. In conclusion NT-3 and NT-4, but not the corresponding functional receptors, are expres…

Epitēlijķermenīšu scintigrāfiskā izmeklēšana ar planāro, SPECT un SPECT/CT metodi

2016

Bakalaura darba tēma ir “Epitēlijķermenīšu scintigrāfiskā izmeklēšana ar planāro, SPECT un SPECT/CT metodi”. Autors uzskata, ka tēmas aktualitāti nosaka scintigrāfijas izmeklējuma efektivitāte, epitēlijķemenīšu saslimšanas diagnostikā un tālākā ārstēšanā, piemēram, ķirurģiskā. Epitēlijķermenīšu scintigrāfija ir viena no visinformatīvākajām diagnostiskās radioloģijas metodēm, lai veiksmīgāk diagnosticētu dažādas patoloģijas, piemēram, primārs vai sekundārs hiperparatireoīdisms. Darba mērķis ir noskaidrot un salīdzināt planārās, SPECT un SPECT/CT metodes efektivitāti un to pielietošanu epitēlijķermenīšu saslimšanu diagnostikā un to precīzākas lokalizācijas noteikšanā. Darba uzdevumi ir noskai…