Search results for "tiede"
showing 10 items of 998 documents
Suomen tiedontuotannon regiimi : yksi vai monta?
2021
Poliittisen talouden tutkimuksessa tapahtui 1990-luvulla niin kutsuttu ideakäänne. Viimeisen reilun vuosikymmenen aikana on alettu systemaattisesti tutkia ideoiden tuotantoa ja kanavointia poliittis-taloudelliseen päätöksentekoon. Vertailevan poliittisen talouden tutkimuksen piirissä on kehitetty tiedontuotannon regiimin teoria, joka tarkastelee tiedontuotannon institutionaalisia ja organisatorisia koneistoja, jotka tuottavat ideoita ja asiantuntijatietoa poliittis-taloudellista päätöksentekoa varten. Tämä artikkeli esittelee ja problematisoi tiedontuotannon regiimien tutkimusta. Artikkeli problematisoi tutkimuksen taustaoletusta regiimiin kuuluvien tiedontuottajien muodostaman organisaatio…
Audiovisuaalisen puheen hyödyntäminen lasten kielihäiriön kuntoutuksessa
2020
Peer reviewed
Cognitive mimetics : Main ideas
2018
The modern era of emerging intelligent technologies necessitates the development of technologyspecific design methods. Artificial intelligence (AI), robots, and autonomous systems are expected to replace humans in many intelligent information-processing tasks. To develop such systems, however, designers need to understand what happens in the minds of the people completing such tasks today. Designers also need methods to develop intelligent technological solutions. In the present paper, we discuss cognitive mimetics as a possible tool for designers of intelligent technologies. Like biomimetics, cognitive mimetics is an analogy-based method; however, instead of looking for structural and mate…
Strategic inhibition of distractors with visual working memory contents after involuntary attention capture
2017
AbstractPrevious research has suggested that visual working memory (VWM) contents had a guiding effect on selective attention, and once participants realized that the distractors shared the same information with VWM contents in the search task, they would strategically inhibit the potential distractors with VWM contents. However, previous behavioral studies could not reveal the way how distractors with VWM contents are inhibited strategically. By employing the eye-tracking technique and a dual-task paradigm, we manipulated the probability of memory items occurring as distractors to explore this issue. Consistent with previous behavioral studies, the results showed that the inhibitory effect…
Smoking and Physical Activity Trajectories from Childhood to Midlife.
2019
Introduction: Despite substantial interest in the development of health behaviors, there is limited research that has examined the longitudinal relationship between physical activity (PA) and smoking trajectories from youth to adulthood in a Finnish population. This study aimed to identify trajectories of smoking and PA for males and females, and study the relationship between these trajectories from youth to adulthood. Methods: Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify trajectories of smoking and PA separately for males and females among 3355 Finnish adults (52.1% females). Participants&rsquo
Differences in Training Adaptations of Endurance Performance during Combined Strength and Endurance Training in a 6-Month Crisis Management Operation
2020
Decreases in aerobic fitness during military operations have been observed in several studies. Thus, differences in training adaptations during a 6-month crisis-management operation were compared by using the change in endurance performance as the outcome measure. Sixty-six male soldiers volunteered for the study, consisting of pre−post assessments of blood biomarkers, body composition, physical performance, and the military simulation test (MST) performance. Physical training volume was self-reported. After the follow-up, the data were divided based on individual changes in endurance performance. Endurance performance was improved in the high-responder group (HiR, n = 25) and maintai…
Rationale and methods for a randomized controlled trial of a movement-to-music video program for decreasing sedentary time among mother-child pairs
2015
Measured objectively, under a quarter of adults and fewer than half of preschool children meet the criteria set in the aerobic physical activity recommendations of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Moreover, adults reportedly are sedentary (seated or lying down) for most of their waking hours. Importantly, greater amounts of sedentary time on parents’ part are associated with an increased risk of more sedentary time among their children. A randomized controlled trial targeting mother-child pairs has been designed, to examine whether a movement-to-music video program may be effective in reducing sedentary time and increasing physical activity in the home environment. Mother-chi…
Individual differences in working memory capacity are unrelated to the magnitudes of retrocue benefits
2021
AbstractPrevious studies have associated visual working memory (VWM) capacity with the use of internal attention. Retrocues, which direct internal attention to a particular object or feature dimension, can improve VWM performance (i.e., retrocue benefit, RCB). However, so far, no study has investigated the relationship between VWM capacity and the magnitudes of RCBs obtained from object-based and dimension-based retrocues. The present study explored individual differences in the magnitudes of object- and dimension-based RCBs and their relationships with VWM capacity. Participants completed a VWM capacity measurement, an object-based cue task, and a dimension-based cue task. We confirmed tha…
Children’s Disclosures of Physical Abuse in a Population-Based Sample
2020
Few studies have explored the disclosure of child physical abuse although child sexual abuse disclosure has been widely studied and debated for years. The present study explores the characteristics of child physical abuse disclosures and compares them to previously published findings on child sexual abuse disclosure from the same data. The data consist of a representative sample of 11,364 sixth and ninth graders. Participants responded to a wide variety of questions concerning experiences of violence, including child physical abuse and child sexual abuse, in the Finnish Child Victim Survey conducted in 2013. Within this sample, the prevalence of child physical abuse was 4.1%. Children repo…
Picture naming yields highly consistent cortical activation patterns: Test–retest reliability of magnetoencephalography recordings
2020
Reliable paradigms and imaging measures of individual-level brain activity are paramount when reaching from group-level research studies to clinical assessment of individual patients. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) provides a direct, non-invasive measure of cortical processing with high spatiotemporal accuracy, and is thus well suited for assessment of functional brain damage in patients with language difficulties. This MEG study aimed to identify, in a delayed picture naming paradigm, source-localized evoked activity and modulations of cortical oscillations that show high test–retest reliability across measurement days in healthy individuals, demonstrating their applicability in clinical set…