Search results for "tillage"
showing 10 items of 148 documents
Early sowing can boost grain production by reducing weed infestation in organic no‐till wheat
2022
Conservative tillage techniques have several agro-ecological benefits for organic farming. The application of these techniques, however, can create quite a few challenges due to the increased weed competition. Here, we report the results of an organic field experiment in which the responses of wheat and weeds to no tillage (NT) were evaluated compared with conventional tillage (CT). We also tested the hypothesis that, under NT, moving up the sowing date, compared with using the ordinary sowing date for the study area, can result in increased competitiveness of the crop against weeds. Two wheat genotypes, a modern variety and an ancient landrace, were tested.Substantial reductions in grain y…
Les Campaniformes dans le sud-est de la France
2004
The term "Bell Beaker", in the strict sense, designates a ceramic beaker form with an S-shaped profile that gives it the shape of an inverted bell. This type of drinking-vessel is characterized by both its very particular pattern of decoration and by the generally skilled execution of that decoration. By extension, the decoration characteristic of these beakers bas allowed the expansion of the category "Bell-Beaker" to include other pottery forms and even other types of decoration showing the same tradition, vvhich probably represent an evolution or reproduction of the original Bell Beaker pattern, The recognition of these objects and their definition as a class date to the nineteenth centu…
Le site néolithique final de La Fare (Forcalquier, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence). Résultats 1995-1999 et révision chronoculturelle
2004
Publié initialement : LEMERCIER O., CAULIEZ J., FURESTIER R., MULLER A., BOUVILLE C., CONVERTINI F., GILABERT C., JORDA M., KHEDHAIER R., LAZARD N., LOIRAT D., PELLISSIER M., PROVENZANO N., VERDIN P. (2004) – Le site Néolithique final de La Fare (Forcalquier, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) résultats 1995-1999 et révision chronoculturelle, in : DARTEVELLE H. (Dir.) : Rencontres Méridionales de Préhistoire Récente, 5e session, Clermont-Ferrand, 2002, Archéologie du sud-ouest, 2004, p. 445-455.; Le site de La Fare est un établissement perché sur un grand éperon de la région de Forcalquier (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence). Occupé de la fin de la Préhistoire jusqu'à l'époque contemporaine, il a livré les ves…
La fin des temps néolithiques
2004
The chapter presents the state of knowledge on the end of the Neolithic era in the department of Vaucluse. It evokes the known sites and their distribution, the chronology of the period ranging between the end of the Middle Neolithic and the Early Bronze Age and the archaeological cultures present. Several paragraphs sets of themes take stock of research concerning ceramics, tools, metal, ornament, habitat, economy, burials and art.
Morphological characterisation of soil structure in tilled fields: from a diagnosis method to the modelling of structural changes over time
2004
Characterisation of soit structure within the tilled layer of cultivated fields is crucial because the importance of this soil characteristic on the biological, chemical and physical properties of the soil and its repercussions on water cycle, root growth and functioning. We present in this paper a method for field characterisation of soil structure. This method, practised since the 1970s, was designed for field diagnosis of the effects of cropping systems on soil structure. It is based on a stratification of the observation face of a pit dug perpendicular to the direction of tillage and traffic: spatial compartments are distinguished, according to the nature of the mechanical stresses they…
A Check of Water Drop Impact Effects on Surface Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity
2020
The post-tillage dynamics of the surface soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, Ks, was studied at the Masse experimental station (central Italy, silty-clay-loam soil). A sequence of experiments was performed by rainfall simulation on two replicated micro-plots (width 1 m, length 0.92 m, slope 16%) established on bare soil. Each high-intensity rainfall simulation was preceded by a low-intensity wetting phase. The soil water content, w, was measured before wetting and both before and after simulation. Runoff was measured at 5 min intervals. The infiltration rate was calculated as the difference between rainfall intensity and runoff rate. Finally, Ks was assumed to be equal to the infiltratio…
Interest of electrodialysis to reduce potassium level in vinasses
2002
National audience
Particle-size distribution and associated organic matter under different cropping systems and tillage practices in a semi arid environment.
2008
The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term impact of different management practice and tillage tools on :1) changes in soil carbon stock with different cropping systems and soil tillage managements; 2) aggregate size distribution and organic carbon concentration of each fraction; 3) organic matter composition and stability Methodology The research was carried out at the Pietranera farm, located in southern part of central Sicily (Italy) (37°32’74” N / 13°31’53” E; elevation 236 m; mean annual precipitation 481 mm; mean air temperature 19 °C) on a soil of a long term experiment. The soil is classified as a fine-clayey, calcareous, mixed, xeric Chromic Pelloxerert with a slope of 4%.…
Tillage and crop sequence effects on productivity and technological and nutritional quality of durum wheat
2015
We report data from two consecutive growing seasons {2012/13 and 2013/14, i.e., after 21-22 years of continuous application of the treatments) on grain yield and some technological and nutritional quality parameters of durum wheat. On average, grain yield was higher with CT than NT, but the effects of tillage varied greatly by crop sequence. On average, NT caused a decrease in both grain protein and gluten contents with respect to CT when wheat was grown after faba bean, whereas no differences between NT and CT were observed for these traits for continuous wheat or berseem clover. Significant interactions between tillage system and crop sequence were observed for alveographic parameters and…
Conventional tillage versus no-tillage: Nitrogen use efficiency component analysis of contrasting durum wheat genotypes grown in a Mediterranean envi…
2023
Very little information is available for Mediterranean areas about the soil N dynamics and crop N use efficiency during the transition phase from conventional tillage (CT) to no-tillage (NT). Hence, a 2-yr experiment was conducted under semiarid Mediterranean conditions in three sites to study how soil N dynamics, crop N uptake, grain yield, and N use efficiency vary with N-fertilization rate and crop genotype in the switch year from CT to NT. Treatments consisted of two tillage systems (CT and NT), five N-fertilization rates (0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg N ha−1), and two durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) genotypes (one modern variety and one old landrace). Irrespective of the genotype, NT r…