Search results for "tobacco"

Exposure of heat-not-burn tobacco effect on the quality of air and expiratory plume

2021

Abstract The increasing interest to avoid the consumption of regular tobacco has lead in the development of several types of devices to decrease the effects of this practice on active and bystanders. In this work, the impact of the use of new heat-not-burn (HnB) devices has been evaluated and compared with that of regular cigarettes and electronic cigarettes (e-cigs). Portable monitoring devices were employed for CO, CO2, particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to evaluate the quality of indoor air and expiratory plume of both, active and passive, users during these practices. It can be noticed that the levels of VOCs in active HnB smokers expiratory air are five times…

Monitoring of the smoking process by multicommutation Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy

2007

Abstract Nicotine was selected as the target molecule for monitoring of the smoking process by multicommutation Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The method involved the use of CHCl3 for on-line extraction of nicotine from tobacco, cigarette filters and tobacco ash from NH4OH alkalinized samples, and absorbance measurement of the characteristic band at 1316 cm−1 in the stopped-flow mode, by obtaining the peak area in the range between 1334 and 1300 cm−1. Under the best operational conditions, the procedure developed provided a detection limit of 0.05 mg mL−1 nicotine, corresponding to 0.5 mg g−1 in the solid sample, a relative standard deviation less than 2.5%, and a sampling …

Determinants of Allergic Sensitization, Asthma and Lung Function: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Italian Schoolchildren

2020

Prenatal smoking exposure and early-life respiratory infections are major determinants of asthma during childhood. We investigate the factors influencing allergic sensitization (AS), asthma, and lung function in children and the balance between individual and environmental characteristics at different life stages. 1714 children aged 7&ndash

Staining of immunoblots by immunochromatography.

1994

The complete genome sequence of Lamium mild mosaic virus, a member of the genus Fabavirus

2013

Springer-Verlag Wien 2013 Abstract Lamium mild mosaic virus (LMMV) is the only one of the five members of the genus Fabavirus for which there are no nucleotide sequence data. In this study, the complete genome sequence of LMMV was determined and compared with the available complete genome sequences of other members of the genus Fabavirus. The genome was the largest of the genus but maintained the typical orga- nization, with RNA 1 of 6080 nucleotides (nt), RNA 2 of 4065 nt, and an unusually long 3 0 untranslated region in RNA 2 of 603 nt. Phylogenetic analysis of the amino acid sequences of the protease-polymerase (Pro-Pol) region and the two coat proteins confirmed that LMMV belongs to a d…

Highly Efficient Virus-induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) in California Poppy (Eschscholzia californica): An Evaluation of VIGS as a Strategy to Obtain Fu…

2007

†Background and Aims Eschscholzia californica (California poppy) is an emerging model plant for ‘evo‐devo’ studies from the basal eudicot clade of Papaveraceae. California poppy has a relatively small genome, a short life cycle and, most importantly, it is amenable for transformation. However, since this transformation protocol is time consuming, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was evaluated as a fast method to obtain functional data for California poppy genes. †Methods Commercially available California poppy plants were infiltrated with Agrobacterium tumefaciens carrying the tobacco rattle virus plasmids pTRV1 and pTRV2. pTRV2 contained part of the eschscholzia Phytoene Desaturase (EcP…

Analysing the Spanish smoke-free legislation of 2006: a new method to quantify its impact using a dynamic model.

2011

Background: There are many models that study aspects of smoking habits: the influence of price, tax, relapse time, and the effects of prohibition. There are also studies examining the effects of the Spanish smoke-free law. We wanted to build a model able to separate the effect of the law from the pre-law evolution of smoking habits. Methods: Using data from the Spanish Ministry of Health and Social Policy, we developed a dynamic model of tobacco use. The model projects the evolution over time of the number of non-smokers, smokers and ex-smokers before 2006. Then, we compared the predictions of the model with data for the years after the law came into force, 2006 and 2009. Results: We show t…

Proteasome comprising a beta1 inducible subunit acts as a negative regulator of NADPH oxidase during elicitation of plant defense reactions.

2005

Elicitation of defense reactions in tobacco by cryptogein, triggered a production of active oxygen species (AOS) via the NADPH oxidase, NtrbohD, and an accumulation of beta1din, a defense induced beta-type subunit of 20S proteasome. The proteasome inhibitor, MG132, stimulated this AOS production. Tobacco cells transformed with sense constructs of beta1din showed an inhibition of the AOS production following elicitin treatment, whereas the antisense transformed cells showed a strongly enhanced AOS production. In cells transformed with sense construct of beta1din, the NtrbohD transcripts failed to be induced by cryptogein as observed in control and antisense transformed cells. Conversely, in …

La qualità dell’aria indoor: una priorità ambientale e sanitaria

2009

Specchio Riflesso. A multidimensional intervention for the primary prevention of cigarette smoking during pre-adolescence

2019

Smoking is very common among adolescents; nowadays, young people start smoking very early, before being 15 years old. Effective primary prevention interventions are needed to contrast tobacco use in young age. For these reasons, the section of Milan of the Italian League for the Fight Against Cancer has developed Specchio Riflesso (SR), an innovative intervention based on the social theatre methodology and aimed at promoting preadolescents’ self-reflection on their identity and their role within a group and facilitating their critical reflection toward tobacco smoking. Aim of this contribution was to evaluate its effectiveness. One hundred and ninety-one students were involved in SR, consis…