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showing 10 items of 2844 documents
Evaluation of the methodological quality of articles on autologous breast reconstruction
2018
Abstract Background Breast cancer remains the most common cancer among women worldwide. Autologous breast reconstruction may contribute toward restoring body image and improving quality of life after mastectomy. This systematic literature review describes differences in the quality and type of studies investigating autologous breast reconstruction techniques over time. Methods MEDLINE was searched for articles related to the surgical techniques, namely, TRAM, LADO, DIEP, and SGAP/IGAP, for the periods 1970 to 2007 and 2008 to 2010. The quality and type of studies were compared across the two time periods. Full-texts were evaluated according to prespecified quality criteria. Results The MEDL…
The effect of exercise training on blood pressure in menopause and postmenopausal women: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
2021
The prevalence of hypertension is higher in postmenopausal than in premenopausal women. Regular exercise training has been shown to be effective in addressing hypertension. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the effect of exercise training on systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) in menopausal and postmenopausal women. This review was reported according to the PRISMA statement and registered in PROSPERO. The literature search was done in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL and ClinicalTrials. Randomized controlled trials involving menopausal and postmenopausal women undergoing exercise training were included. Two blinde…
Pelvic floor and abdominal muscle cocontraction in women with and without pelvic floor dysfunction: a systematic review and meta-analysis
2019
There is an ongoing discussion regarding abdominal muscle (AbM) and pelvic floor muscle (PFM) synergism. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the cocontraction between AbMs and PFMs in women with or without pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD). The following databases were searched up to December 21, 2018: MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, PEDro and CENTRAL. We included any study that assessed the cocontraction between PFMs and AbMs in women with and without PFD. Two reviewers independently screened eligible articles and extracted data. The outcomes were extracted and analyzed as continuous variables with random effect models. Twenty studies were included. A meta-analysis did not show differences in…
Mediterranean diet and health: A systematic review of epidemiological studies and intervention trials
2019
Diet is a crucial variable for a healthy life. A rapidly growing number of studies in recent years support the hypothesis that the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has a beneficial effect on certain body systems, but the highly varied objectives and quality of these publications warrants an updated assessment. In the present review we performed a comprehensive evaluation of current evidence on the impact of the MedDiet on human health, assessing its effect on the incidence or progression of the main non-communicable diseases and their intermediate outcomes and risk factors. We scrutinised the clinical evidence from observational studies and randomised controlled trials. Cardiovascular disease w…
Olive oil consumption and risk of CHD and/or stroke: a meta-analysis of case–control, cohort and intervention studies
2014
Increasing evidence suggests that the Mediterranean diet can reduce the risk of CVD. Olive oil is the hallmark of this dietary pattern. We conducted a meta-analysis of case–control, prospective cohort studies and a randomised controlled trial investigating the specific association between olive oil consumption and the risk of CHD (101 460 participants) or stroke (38 673 participants). The results of all observational studies were adjusted for total energy intake. The random-effects model assessing CHD as an outcome showed a relative risk (RR) of 0·73 (95 % CI 0·44, 1·21) in case–control studies and 0·96 (95 % CI 0·78, 1·18) in cohort studies for a 25 g increase in olive oil consumption. In …
Learning from experience. Proposal of a refined definition and staging system for bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ)
2012
Dear Editor, It is the authors’ belief that the internationally accepted definition of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (BRONJ) (Ruggiero et al, 2009) has several limitations that prevent clinicians from being confident with the diagnosis of the disease. Following recognition of the non-exposed BRONJ clinical variant (Lazarovici et al, 2009), we all became aware that the presence of ‘exposed necrotic bone in the oral cavity’, as outlined in the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery (AAOMS) case definition, is just one of the possible clinical manifestations of BRONJ and is not found in all BRONJ patients. As ‘bone exposure’ is certainly not the initial sign …
The impact of occult renal failure on the cardiovascular risk stratification in an elderly population: the PREV-ICTUS study.
2008
To analyze the impact of occult renal failure (ORF) in the individual risk stratification and on the blood pressures (BP) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) goals in an aged population, according to the ESH/ESC Hypertension Guidelines.A cross-sectional, population-based study on individuals aged 60 years or more carried out in Primary Care Centers of Spain. Kidney function was estimated from calculated creatinine clearance (eGFR), Cockroft and Gault formula. Ten-year cardiovascular risk was estimated through the ESH/ESC table including or not including the eGFR. Estimates of the modification in BP and LDL-cholesterol (cLDL) goals were calculated.In 6419 subjects, 4242 subjects (66%) had norm…
Tai Chi for Chronic Illness Management: Synthesizing Current Evidence from Meta-Analyses of Randomized Controlled Trials
2021
An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to evaluate the existing evidence of Tai Chi as a mind-body exercise for chronic illness management. MEDLINE/PubMed and Embase databases were searched from inception until March 31, 2019, for meta-analyses of at least two RCTs that investigated health outcomes associated with Tai Chi intervention. Evidence of significant outcomes (P value < 0.05) was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. This review identified 45 meta-analyses of RCTs and calculated 142 summary estimates among adults living with 16 types of chronic …
Interventions for reducing loneliness: An umbrella review of intervention studies
2020
Loneliness is a common phenomenon associated with several negative health outcomes. Current knowledge regarding interventions for reducing loneliness in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is conflicting. The aim of the present work is to provide an overview of interventions to reduce loneliness, using an umbrella review of previously published systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We searched major databases from database inception to 31 March 2020 for RCTs comparing active versus non-active interventions for reducing loneliness. For each intervention, random-effects summary effect size and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. For significant outcomes (p-value < 0.05), the GR…
Link of the mechanisms of action of glatiramer acetate to its long-term clinical data
2009
A consequence of the long-term nature of progression in multiple sclerosis is that treatment needs to be provided over the long term. Gathering evidence for long term clinical efficacy, safety and patient acceptance of immunomodulatory therapies is thus a critically important issue. However, pivotal trials, which generally last no more than two years, cannot address this issue. Glatiramer acetate is the only immunomodulatory treatment for which prospective data is available covering a treatment period of over a decade. In the long-term extension of the pivotal trial of glatiramer acetate, 108 patients have been followed for a mean treatment duration of 10.1 years. At the end of the treatmen…