Search results for "topology"

showing 10 items of 2892 documents

An Analytic Approach to the Modeling of Multijunction Solar Cells

2020

Analytic expressions for the $JV$ -characteristics of three types of multijunction configurations are derived. From these, expressions for the short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, and voltage at the maximum power point are found for multiterminal devices, and for series-connected tandem stacks. For voltage-matched devices, expressions for the optimal ratio of the number of bottom cells to the number of top cells are established. Luminescent coupling is incorporated throughout the article. It should be highlighted that the maximum power point of a series-connected tandem stack is described, with good accuracy for all interesting band gap combinations, by a single analytic expression.…

010302 applied physicsPhysicsCouplingMaximum power principleTandem02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsTopology01 natural sciencesElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsStack (abstract data type)0103 physical sciencesLimit (music)Radiative transferEnergy transformationElectrical and Electronic Engineering0210 nano-technologyVoltageIEEE Journal of Photovoltaics
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Switching by Domain-Wall Automotion in Asymmetric Ferromagnetic Rings

2017

A ring-shaped magnetic logic device offers two vortex states (clockwise and counterclockwise) to encode bits, with relative stability against external magnetic fields. The dynamics of magnetization switching in such structures, though, still need unraveling. The authors present direct experimental visualization of reproducible, robust switching in magnetic rings via domain-wall automotion, which does not require an applied field. Simulations reveal that annihilation of domain walls through automotion always occurs, with the detailed topology of the walls only influencing the dynamics locally, in line with the experimental results.

010302 applied physicsPhysicsField (physics)Condensed matter physicsMagnetic logicGeneral Physics and AstronomyLarge scale facilities for research with photons neutrons and ions01 natural sciencesVortexMagnetic fieldMagnetizationDomain wall (magnetism)Ferromagnetism0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsTopology (chemistry)Physical Review Applied
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Scaling up electrically synchronized spin torque oscillator networks

2018

AbstractSynchronized nonlinear oscillators networks are at the core of numerous families of applications including phased array wave generators and neuromorphic pattern matching systems. In these devices, stable synchronization between large numbers of nanoscale oscillators is a key issue that remains to be demonstrated. Here, we show experimentally that synchronized spin-torque oscillator networks can be scaled up. By increasing the number of synchronized oscillators up to eight, we obtain that the emitted power and the quality factor increase linearly with the number of oscillators. Even more importantly, we demonstrate that the stability of synchronization in time exceeds 1.6 millisecond…

010302 applied physicsPhysicsMultidisciplinaryPhased arrayOscillationlcsh:Rlcsh:Medicine02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyTopology01 natural sciencesStability (probability)SynchronizationArticlePower (physics)Quality (physics)Neuromorphic engineering0103 physical scienceslcsh:Q0210 nano-technologylcsh:ScienceScalingScientific Reports
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Topological two-dimensional Su–Schrieffer–Heeger analog acoustic networks: Total reflection at corners and corner induced modes

2021

In this work, we investigate some aspects of an acoustic analogue of the two-dimensional Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model. The system is composed of alternating cross-section tubes connected in a square network, which in the limit of narrow tubes is described by a discrete model coinciding with the two-dimensional Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model. This model is known to host topological edge waves, and we develop a scattering theory to analyze how these waves scatter on edge structure changes. We show that these edge waves undergo a perfect reflection when scattering on a corner, incidentally leading to a new way of constructing corner modes. It is shown that reflection is high for a broad class of edg…

010302 applied physicsPhysics[PHYS]Physics [physics]Total internal reflectionWork (thermodynamics)Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsScatteringGeneral Physics and AstronomyClassical Physics (physics.class-ph)FOS: Physical sciencesPhysics - Classical Physics02 engineering and technologyEdge (geometry)021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyTopology01 natural sciencesSquare (algebra)0103 physical sciencesMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Reflection (physics)Limit (mathematics)Scattering theory0210 nano-technologyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
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A summary of expressions for central performance parameters of high efficiency solar cell concepts

2019

This work reviews expressions for central performance parameters of various types of PV-concepts when operating at the radiative limit. Some new expressions not published elsewhere are also included. The performance parameters include the short circuit current density, the open circuit voltage, the maximum power density and the optimal voltage. The cell concepts include single junction cells, cells optically coupled to up- and down-converters, intermediate band solar cells and a couple of implementations of multijunction devices. The Lambert W function is used to express the maximum power density.

010302 applied physicsPhysicsbusiness.industryOpen-circuit voltageSemiconductor device modeling02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologySolar energyTopology01 natural scienceslaw.inventionsymbols.namesakelawLambert W function0103 physical sciencesSolar cellsymbolsEnergy transformation0210 nano-technologybusinessShort circuitVoltage2019 IEEE 46th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)
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A Novel Fault-Tolerant Routing Algorithm for Mesh-of-Tree Based Network-on-Chips

2019

Use of bus architecture based communication with increasing processing elements in System-on-Chip (SoC) leads to severe degradation of performance and speed of the system. This bottleneck is overcome with the introduction of Network-on-Chips (NoCs). NoCs assist in communication between cores on a single chip using router based packet switching technique. Due to miniaturization, NoCs like every Integrated circuit is prone to different kinds of faults which can be transient, intermittent or permanent. A fault in any one component of such a crucial network can degrade performance leaving other components non-usable. This paper presents a novel Fault-Tolerant routing Algorithm for Mesh-of-Tree …

010302 applied physicsRouterNetwork packetbusiness.industryComputer scienceFault toleranceTopology (electrical circuits)Hardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITY02 engineering and technologyFault (power engineering)01 natural sciencesBottleneckPacket switching020204 information systems0103 physical sciencesHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringRouting (electronic design automation)businessComputer network
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Contrasting topologies for regular interconnection networks under the constraints of nanoscale silicon technology

2010

Nowadays, system designers have adopted Networks-on-Chip as communication infrastructure of general-purpose tile-based Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoC). Such decision implies that a certain topology has to be selected to efficiently interconnect many cores on the chip. To ease such a choice, the networking literature offers a plethora of works about topology analysis and characterization for the off-chip domain. However, theoretical parameters and many intuitive assumptions of such off-chip networks do not necessarily hold when a topology is laid out on a 2D silicon surface. This is due to the distinctive features of silicon technology design pitfalls. This work is a first milestone t…

010302 applied physicsTopology exploration; Network-on-ChipInterconnectionComputer sciencebusiness.industryDistributed computingLogical topologyTopology explorationTopology (electrical circuits)02 engineering and technologyMPSoCNetwork topology01 natural sciencesPipeline (software)020202 computer hardware & architectureNetwork on a chip0103 physical sciences0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringNetwork-on-ChipbusinessDesign technologyComputer network
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Communication: multireference equation of motion coupled cluster: a transform and diagonalize approach to electronic structure.

2014

The novel multireference equation-of-motion coupled-cluster (MREOM-CC) approaches provide versatile and accurate access to a large number of electronic states. The methods proceed by a sequence of many-body similarity transformations and a subsequent diagonalization of the transformed Hamiltonian over a compact subspace. The transformed Hamiltonian is a connected entity and preserves spin- and spatial symmetry properties of the original Hamiltonian, but is no longer Hermitean. The final diagonalization spaces are defined in terms of a complete active space (CAS) and limited excitations (1h, 1p, 2h, …) out of the CAS. The methods are invariant to rotations of orbitals within their respective…

010304 chemical physicsChemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyEquations of motionElectronic structure010402 general chemistry7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesLinear subspace0104 chemical sciencessymbols.namesakeCoupled clusterAtomic orbitalQuantum mechanics0103 physical sciencessymbolsComplete active spacePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryHamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Subspace topologyThe Journal of chemical physics
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Diels–Alder reaction on perylenediimides: synthesis and theoretical study of core-expanded diimides

2019

A one-step reaction for the fusion of aromatic rings to one or both bay areas of perylenediimides using benzynes is presented. Yields as high as 70% for naphthoperylenendiimide 2 and 80% for dibenzocoronenediimide 3 are obtained. The reaction is also carried out using substituted benzynes, heteroaromatic benzynes and substituted perylenediimides. A combined experimental/theoretical approach, based on measuring redox and absorption/emission properties and performing density functional theory calculations, indicates that increasing the π-skeleton of PDIs transversally leads to significant and unexpected changes in the electronic, redox and optical properties. The observed trends are rationali…

010405 organic chemistryChemistryOrganic ChemistryAromaticity010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesAryneRedox0104 chemical sciencesComputational chemistryMolecular orbitalDensity functional theoryAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Topology (chemistry)Diels–Alder reactionOrganic Chemistry Frontiers
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A rare polymeric azido-bridged copper(II) chain with a pentameric repeating unit: Synthesis, structure and magnetic properties

2013

International audience; The novel polymeric chain copper(II) complex [Cu4(μ-Mesalpn)2(μ1,1,1-N3)2(μ1,1-N3)2Cu]n (1) was prepared by the reaction of Cu(NO3)2·3H2O with Mesalpn in the presence of an excess of NaN3. A single-crystal X-ray diffraction study showed an unusual 1D polymeric chain based on pentanuclear Cu5 units with both μ1,1,1-N3 and μ1,1-N3 bridges, and with three independent Cu(II) ions presenting three different coordination numbers (4, 5 and 6). The magnetic susceptibility data show the presence of dominant anti-ferromagnetic interactions.

010405 organic chemistryChemistryPentanuclearCoordination numberchemistry.chemical_elementSingle-crystal010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesMagnetic susceptibilityCopper0104 chemical sciences3. Good healthIonInorganic ChemistryCrystallographyChain (algebraic topology)Copper(II) complexMaterials Chemistry[CHIM]Chemical Sciences1D polymeric chainPhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySingle crystal
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