Search results for "train"

A randomized controlled trial of rehabilitation after hospitalization in frail older women: effects on strength, balance and mobility

2002

When frail older people become acutely ill, they are at increased risk of further functional deterioration and rehabilitation is needed to restore functioning. The effects of an out-patient multicomponent training program including strength training after hospitalization were studied in a randomized controlled trial. Sixty-eight women (mean age 83.0 +/- 3.9 years) who were hospitalized due to an acute illness and were mobility impaired at admission were randomized into training (N = 34) and home exercise (N = 34) groups. Maximal voluntary isometric strength of knee extension and hip abduction, dynamic balance, and maximal walking speed were measured before and after the 10-week training per…

2021

Abstract Background Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) have problems in everyday tasks such as walking and climbing stairs due to a combination of neuromuscular impairments such as spasticity, muscle weakness, reduced joint flexibility and poor coordination. Development of evidence-based interventions are in pivotal role in the development of better targeted rehabilitation of CP, and thus in maintaining their motor function and wellbeing. Our aim is to investigate the efficacy of an individually tailored, multifaceted exercise intervention (EXECP) in children and young adults with CP. EXECP is composed of strength, flexibility and gait training. Furthermore, this study aims to verify the …

Exercise and ankle sprain injuries: a comprehensive review.

2014

Ankle sprains are common in team sports and sports played on courts, and often result in structural and functional alterations that lead to a greater reinjury risk. Specific exercises are often used to promote neuromuscular improvements in the prevention and rehabilitation of ankle injuries. This literature review summarizes the neuromuscular characteristics of common ankle sprains and the effectiveness of exercise as an intervention for improving neuromuscular function and preventing reinjury. Our review found that appropriate exercise prescription can increase static and dynamic balance and decrease injury recurrence. In particular, the addition of dynamic activities in the exercise progr…

Relaxant effect of dopamine on the isolated rat uterus.

1988

The effect of dopamine was studied on the isolated uterus of diethylstilboestrol-treated rats. Dopamine, at concentrations (10(7)-10(-4) M) produced a concentration-dependent relaxation in the K+-depolarized rat uterus. On a molar basis, dopamine was about 500 times less potent than adrenaline in relaxing the uterus, the maximum degree of relaxation obtained with both drugs was the same. Pretreatment of the rats with reserpine (5 mg/kg) did not produce any modification of the dose-response curve to dopamine. Similarly, cocaine (3 x 10(-6) M) failed to modify the relaxant effect of dopamine. The dopamine induced relaxation was inhibited by propranolol (10(-9)-10(-7) M) in a dose-dependent ma…

Effects of Resistance Training of Peripheral Muscles Versus Respiratory Muscles in Older Adults With Sarcopenia Who are Institutionalized: A Randomiz…

2018

[EN] This study compares the effects of two resistance training programs in peripheral and respiratory musculature on muscle mass and strength and physical performance and identifies the appropriate muscle mass parameter for assessing the intervention effects. Thirty-seven institutionalized older Spanish adults with sarcopenia were analyzed: control group (n = 17), respiratory muscle training group (n = 9), and peripheral muscle training group (n = 11). Measured outcomes were appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM/height(2), ASM/weight, and ASM/BMI), isometric knee extension, arm flexion and handgrip strength, maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures, and gait speed pre- and postinterve…

Modulation of hippocampal acetylcholine release after fimbria-fornix lesions and septal transplantation in rats

1997

Abstract Female Long–Evans rats sustained electrolytic lesions of the fimbria and the dorsal fornix causing a partial lesion of the septohippocampal pathway. Two weeks later, the rats received intra-hippocampal grafts of fetal septal cell suspensions. Nine to twelve months later, the release of acetylcholine (ACh) in the hippocampus of sham-operated, lesion-only and grafted rats was measured by microdialysis. The extent of cholinergic (re)innervation was determined by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) staining and densitometry. In both lesion-only and grafted rats, the ratio of ACh release to AChE staining intensity was increased as compared to sham-operated rats, indicating a loss of endogenous …

Muscarine receptors on the rat phrenic nerve, evidence for positive and negative muscarinic feedback mechanisms.

1987

Neuronal transmitter stores of the rat phrenic nerve were labelled by incubation with [3H]choline. Release of [3H]acetylcholine was elicited by electrical nerve stimulation (100 or 1500 pulses, 5 or 25 Hz) or by high potassium (27 mmol/l) and the effects of the muscarine receptor agonist oxotremorine and the antagonist scopolamine were investigated. Neither oxotremorine nor scopolamine affected the basal tritium efflux. A low concentration of oxotremorine (10 nmol/l) enhanced and a high concentration of oxotremorine (1 μol/l) reduced the electrically evoked [3H]acetylcholine release. Likewise, the high potassium-evoked [3H]acetylcholine release was reduced by a high concentration of oxotrem…

Characterization of endogenous noradrenaline release from intact and epithelium-denuded rat isolated trachea.

1991

1. Overflow of endogenous noradrenaline (NA) from the in vitro incubated rat trachea evoked by two periods of electrical field stimulation (S1, S2 at 3 or 15 Hz) or by high potassium (60 mM) was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (h.p.l.c.) with electrochemical detection. 2. In the presence of the neuronal uptake inhibitor desipramine, the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist, yohimbine, enhanced the overflow of NA evoked by stimulation at 3 Hz by about 100% suggesting the presence of presynaptic inhibitory autoreceptors on the sympathetic nerves innervating the trachea. 3. When desipramine and yohimbine were present throughout the experiments, the overflow of NA evoked by the …

Determination of a strength index for upper body local endurance strength in sedentary individuals: a cross sectional analysis.

2015

A range of balance between flexor and extensor muscles is fundamental in order to prevent pathologies caused by bad postures or to ensure health of the joint as a measure of prevention of overtraining in specific muscle groups. Therefore, the aim of this study is to examine the ratio between “pulling” and “pushing” strength in sedentary individuals. 212 healthy participants, of both genders (139 male and 73 female; age 32 ± 13.3 years, weight 70.2 ± 14.1 kg, height 173 ± 9 cm) were retained for investigation. Strength was assessed through a new methodology: Pulling through a lat-pulldown test while pushing strength through a chest-press test. Both tests were performed to exhaustion with an …

BDNF is essentially required for the early postnatal survival of nociceptors

2010

AbstractNeurotrophins promote the survival of specific types of neurons during development and ensure proper maintenance and function of mature responsive neurons. Significant effects of BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) on pain physiology have been reported but the contribution of this neurotrophin to the development of nociceptors has not been investigated. We present evidence that BDNF is required for the survival of a significant fraction of peptidergic and non-peptidergic nociceptors in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) postnatally. Bdnf homozygous mutant mice lose approximately half of all nociceptive neurons during the first 2 weeks of life and adult heterozygotes exhibit hypoalgesia …