Search results for "transition"

showing 10 items of 3988 documents

Molecular Mobility in Oriented and Unoriented Membranes Based on Poly[2-(Aziridin-1-yl)ethanol]

2021

Unoriented and oriented membranes based on dendronized polymers and copolymers obtained by chemical modification of poly[2-(aziridin-1-yl) ethanol] (PAZE) with the dendron 3,4,5-tris[4-(n-dodecan-1-yloxy)benzyloxy]benzoate were considered. DSC, XRD, CP-MAS NMR and DETA, contribute to characterize the tendency to crystallize, the molecular mobility of the benzyloxy substituent, the dendritic liquid crystalline group and the clearing transition. The orientation of the mesogenic chain somewhat hindered this molecular motion, especially in the full substituted PAZE. The fragility, free volume and thermal expansion coefficients of these membranes near the glass transition are related to the orie…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsMesogenSupramolecular chemistrySubstituentIonic bondingGeneral ChemistryPolymerQuímicaArticledielectric relaxation spectralcsh:QD241-441chemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographyMembranepoly[2-(aziridin-1-yl)ethanol] (PAZE)chemistrylcsh:Organic chemistryDendrimerdendronic liquid crystal membranessegmental dynamicsmacromolecular cooperativityGlass transitionMaterialsPolymers
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The effect of macromolecular architecture of ethylene copolymers with multi-alkenylsilsesquioxane on morphological, rheological and dynamic mechanica…

2021

Abstract The influence of the degree and the way of incorporation of multi-alkenylsilsesquioxane into the polymer chain on morphological, rheological and dynamic mechanical parameters were determined. It was found that POSS incorporated into the polymer chain was located outside the crystalline structure of lamella in amorphous phase. The incorporation of POSS-6-2 as a pendant group resulted in significant increase of separation of macromolecules. The key factor in rheological and dynamic mechanical behavior of copolymers turned out to be the way of POSS incorporation into the polymer chain. The incorporation of POSS into the polymer chain as a pendant group resulted in decreased relaxation…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic Chemistry02 engineering and technologyPolymerWAXS and SAXS study010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesCrystallinityLamella (surface anatomy)chemistryRheologyChemical engineeringViscoelastic propertiesMaterials ChemistryCopolymerMulti-alkenyl polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS)0210 nano-technologyPendant groupGlass transitionMacromoleculePolymer
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Hybrid materials from organic polymers and inorganic salts

1994

The prepaparation of amorphous, homogeneous blends of zwitterionic polymers and transition metal salts was investigated. Homogeneous miscibility was achieved in many cases up to equimolar amounts of salt, depending on the anion and cation chosen. Various analytical techniques point to a solid state solution of the inorganic ions in the polymer matrix.

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistrySalt (chemistry)PolymerInorganic ionsCondensed Matter PhysicsMiscibilityAmorphous solidMatrix (chemical analysis)Transition metalchemistryddc:540Materials ChemistryInstitut für ChemieHybrid material
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The glass transition in polymer melts

1994

This paper presents some results of a Monte Carlo simulation for the glass transition in two- and three-dimensional polymer melts. The melt was simulated by the bond-fluctuation model on a d-dimensional cubic lattice which was combined with a two-level hamiltonian favouring long bonds in order to generate a competition between the energetic and topological constraints in the system. This competition prevents crystallization and makes the melt freeze in an amorphous structure as soon as the internal relaxation times match the observation time of the simulation set by the cooling rate. The freezing point of the melt, i.e the glass transition temperature Tg, thus depends upon the cooling rate …

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryMonte Carlo methodThermodynamicsPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsFreezing pointAmorphous solidlaw.inventionCrystallographychemistrylawLattice (order)Mode couplingMaterials ChemistryCrystallizationGlass transitionMacromolecular Symposia
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Novel Amphiphilic Styrene-Based Block Copolymers for Induced Surface Reconstruction

2008

This paper describes the synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymers by living radical polymerization (NMP) of new styrene-like monomers. The polar monomers (ethylene oxide side chains and free hydroxyl- or amino-groups after deprotection) were polymerized in a “protected form” to adjust the solubility of the monomers. In this way high molar mass polymers with a narrow polydispersity (around or below 1.2) were accessible. In the bulk state hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains demix. By exposing thin films of these polymers to vacuum (air) or alternatively to water or a hydrophilic surface it becomes possible to switch the surface polarity reversibly between contact angles of about 105° and 83°…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryRadical polymerizationPolymerCondensed Matter PhysicsContact anglechemistryPolymerizationPolymer chemistryAmphiphileMaterials ChemistryCopolymerWettingPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryGlass transitionMacromolecular Chemistry and Physics
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Mechanical relaxation in miscible polymer systems: the glass transition regime in poly(vinylmethylether) (PVME)-cross-polystyrene (PS) semi-interpene…

1990

Abstract Miscible semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPN) of varying composition are prepared by crosslinking polystyrene containing few maleic anhydride groups with a diamine in the presence of linear poly(vinylmethylether) (PVME). The resulting PVME-c-P(ScoMA) semi-IPNs are characterized by their thermal and thermomechanical behaviour. Comparison with the corresponding uncrosslinked material proves that weak crosslinking has a negligible effect on the location of the glass transition as measured by d.s.c. Both the Tg data and the temperatures of the loss modulus maximum E″ (at 1 rad/s) show the same non-linear curved composition dependence. Contrary to this the tan δ maximum var…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryRelaxation (NMR)Maleic anhydridePolymerDynamic mechanical analysischemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryDiamineDynamic modulusMaterials ChemistryPolystyreneComposite materialGlass transitionPolymer
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Excess viscosity and glass transition

2001

Abstract Literature data on the viscosity of solutions of poly(butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) in diethyl phthalate (DEP) for different temperatures, including the range around and below T g , the glass transition temperatures of the pure polymers, were evaluated by means of an approach that uses surface fractions as composition variables. The discussion of these results together with information on solutions of the isomeric polymers, poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and poly(methyl acrylate) (PM(A)), in the same solvent testifies that the previously published relations remain valid for T T g . They enable the determination of viscosities of the pure polymers below…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryThermodynamicsConcentration effectPolymerSolventchemistry.chemical_compoundViscositychemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryVinyl acetateMethyl methacrylateMethyl acrylateGlass transitionPolymer
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Processing and adjusting the hydrophilicity of poly(oxymethylene) (co)polymers: nanoparticle preparation and film formation

2016

Handling the insoluble POM: the preparation of nanoparticles based on hyperbranched-linear-hyperbranched ABA triblock copolymers with variable hydrophilicity and composed of short hyperbranched polyglycerol (hbPG) as the A-blocks and linear poly(oxymethylene) (POM) as a B-block is described. The POM-hbPG-nanoparticles with diameters in the range of 190 to 250 nm were generated in a convenient process, combining the solvent evaporation process with the miniemulsion technique, a water borne handling for POM-copolymers. Furthermore, the film formation properties of the nanoparticles were investigated by deposition on silicon and subsequent sintering, which leads to films with a thickness in th…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsSiliconOrganic ChemistryNanoparticleSinteringchemistry.chemical_elementBioengineering02 engineering and technologyPolymer010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical sciencesContact angleMiniemulsionchemistryChemical engineeringPolymer chemistryCopolymerDeposition (phase transition)0210 nano-technology
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Influence of the cross-linking density on the main dielectric relaxation of poly(methyl acrylate) networks.

2005

A series of polymer networks of varying cross-linking density was prepared by copolymerization of methyl acrylate and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate. The aim of this work is to study the influence of cross-linking on the conformational mobility of the polymer chains using dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) in the temperature range of the main dielectric relaxation. As expected, the temperature range in which glass transition takes place became wider with increasing crosslinking density. DRS results were analyzed using the Havriliak-Negami equation. Master Cole-Cole arcs could be drawn for all the networks. The arcs become more symmetric as cross-linking density increases, as a conseque…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsThermodynamicsGeneral ChemistryDielectricPolymerAtmospheric temperature rangePoly(methyl acrylate)chemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryRelaxation (physics)Methyl acrylateGlass transitionCole–Cole equation
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Rheological behavior of a semirigid liquid crystal polymer

1993

The rheological behavior of liquid crystal polymers is still far from completely clarified from both experimental and theoretical points of view. In this paper, the shear flow and the non-isothermal elongation flow behavior of a semi-rigid liquid crystal copolyester is discussed. The viscosity strongly decreases when the test temperature is increased above the crystal-nematic transition temperature; below this temperature the viscosity is very high. The thermal history strongly affects the shear viscosity. The elongational flow behavior depends also on temperature. Above the crystal-nematic transition temperature and the mesophase is easily spinnable, whereas below this temperature, the spi…

chemistry.chemical_classificationMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsTransition temperatureMesophaseGeneral ChemistryPolymerCopolyesterPhysics::Fluid DynamicsCondensed Matter::Soft Condensed MatterViscositychemistryRheologyLiquid crystalPolymer chemistryMaterials ChemistryComposite materialShear flow
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