Search results for "transition"

showing 10 items of 3988 documents

Thermo‐optical investigations of NaNbO 3 thin films by spectral ellipsometry

2009

In this work a spectroscopic ellipsometry was applied to the thermo-optical investigations of sodium niobate NaNbO3 (NN) thin films at the wide temperature range of 5–820 K. The temperature dependence of complex refractive index dispersions and optical bang energy of the direct allowed electron transitions were evaluated. Additionally dynamic scans of the main ellipsometric angles at the several fixed wave lengths of 300, 400, 500 and 635 nm were performed to acquire more detailed temperature dependences of the refractive index and extinction coefficient. Pronounced minima/maxima and substantial jumps in the temperature dependence of complex refractive index and band gap energy were found a…

ChemistryBand gapAnalytical chemistryPhysics::OpticsAtmospheric temperature rangeMolar absorptivityCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsEllipsometryAtomic electron transitionvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCeramicThin filmRefractive indexphysica status solidi c
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Theoretical study of the derivative hydrocarbons of biphenylene. I. Electronic spectrum of the biphenylene

1969

The electronic spectrum of biphenylene has been studied theoretically. The investigation is based on the semi-empirical LCAO SCF MO method with various degrees of approximations. The results have been analysed with regard to the following two factors: (a) The difference in effective electronegativity between the carbon atoms in the four-membered ring and the other carbon atoms in the molecule. (b) The inclusion of doubly excited configurations in the description of the π-electronic molecular states. The theory satisfactorily interprets the excitation energies and the nature of the electronic transitions. The predictions are particularly affected by the inclusion of the doubly excited config…

ChemistryBiphenyleneCondensed Matter PhysicsRing (chemistry)Atomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsElectronegativitychemistry.chemical_compoundLinear combination of atomic orbitalsAtomic electron transitionExcited stateMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsExcitationInternational Journal of Quantum Chemistry
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The Reduction Pathway of End-on Coordinated Dinitrogen. I. Vibrational Spectra of Mo/W−N2, −NNH, and −NNH2 Complexes and Quantum Chemistry Assisted N…

1999

Infrared and Raman spectra of [M(N(2))(2)(dppe)(2)] (M = W, Mo) and the two protonated derivatives [WF(NNH)(dppe)(2)] and [WF(NNH(2))(dppe)(2)](+) (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) are presented. Using isotope substituted compounds ((15)N and D) the vibrations of the Y-M-N(2)H(x)() (x = 0, 1, 2; Y = N(2), F) central unit are identified, in particular the M-N and N-N stretching modes. In case of the monoprotonated systems, an equilibrium between metal- and nitrogen-protonated species exists that is clearly detectable in the IR spectra. Making use of theoretical force fields, a quantum chemistry assisted normal coordinate analysis (QCA-NCA) is performed for all three tungsten systems …

ChemistryBond strengthInfraredInfrared spectroscopyProtonationQuantum chemistryInorganic ChemistryMetalsymbols.namesakeCrystallographyTransition metalComputational chemistryvisual_artsymbolsvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryRaman spectroscopyInorganic Chemistry
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ChemInform Abstract: Catenanes and Threaded Systems: From Solution to Surfaces

2009

Functional catenanes and threaded systems able to perform controllable mechanical motions are ideally suited for the design of molecular devices displaying mechanical, electronic, information or sensing functions. These systems have been extensively studied in solution phase and numerous examples of stimuli-driven molecular shuttles have been reported. However, for fully developing their potential applications, they must be interfaced with the macroscopic world. To achieve this objective, in the last few years catenanes and rotaxanes have been organized over surfaces in the form of chemisorbed monolayers or physisorbed monolayers, multilayers and thin films. This tutorial review summarizes …

ChemistryCatenaneMonolayerDeposition (phase transition)NanotechnologyGeneral MedicineThin filmSolution phaseCharacterization (materials science)ChemInform
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Comparative multinuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic study of transition metal (Cr, W and Mn) mesitylene tricarbonyls and transition metal (Ru a…

1993

Abstract Three mononuclear 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (mesitylene) carbonyl transition metal complexes, mesitylene tricarbonyl chromium, (CH 3 ) 3 C 6 H 3 Cr(CO) 3 ( 1 ), mesitylene tricarbonyl tungsten, (CH 3 ) 3 C 6 H 3 W(CO) 3 ( 2 ), mesitylene tricarbonyl manganese tetra-fluoroborate, [(CH 3 ) 3 C 6 H 3 Mn(CO) 3 ]BF 4 ( 3 ); and three clusters, mesitylene nonacarbonyl tetracobalt, (CH 3 ) 3 C 6 H 3 Co 4 (CO) 9 ( 4 ), mesitylene carbido tetradecacarbonyl hexaruthenium, (CH 3 ) 3 C 6 H 3 Ru 6 C(CO) 14 ( 5 ) and carbido heptadecacarbonyl hexaruthenium, Ru 6 C(CO) 17 ( 6 ), have been studied by means of 1 H, 13 C and natural abundance 17 O NMR spectroscopy. Generally, the 1 H and 13 C NMR chemi…

ChemistryChemical shiftOrganic ChemistryInorganic chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementManganeseNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyCarbon-13 NMRBiochemistryInorganic ChemistryMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundChromiumCrystallographyTransition metalvisual_artMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMesityleneJournal of Organometallic Chemistry
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A mutliconfigurational study of low-lying electronic states of KO

1992

Abstract Potential energy curves and spectroscopic parameters of several electronic states of the KO molecule have been calculated using multi-configurational methods. The KO B 2Π state, first time theoretically described, presents a strong avoided crossing with the A 2Π state, and allows for the explanation of the observed fluorescence of the KO molecule. Eleven electronic states have been studied at all the internuclear distances. Effects of complete active space and basis set selections on the results are also analyzed.

ChemistryComputational chemistryAvoided crossingGeneral Physics and AstronomyComplete active spacePhysical and Theoretical ChemistryConfiguration interactionAtomic physicsPotential energyDiatomic moleculeBasis setMolecular electronic transitionDoublet stateChemical Physics
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CASSCF/CASPT2 analysis of the fragmentation of H2 on a Pd4 cluster

2009

Two reactive pathways are described for the dissociative adsorption of a hydrogen molecule on a Pd4 pyramidal cluster, by using DFT/B3LYP and CASSCF/CASPT2 computational methods. Because of the different spin multiplicities of the cluster in the initial and final states, the reaction proceeds through a spin multiplicity change, which occurs close to the transition states. The activation energy values are very similar when the DFT method is used, whereas the CASPT2 calculations predict that the concerted mechanism is disfavored. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2010

ChemistryConcerted reactionHydrogen moleculeActivation energyCondensed Matter PhysicsDissociative adsorptionMolecular physicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsTransition stateIntersystem crossingFragmentation (mass spectrometry)Physical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsQuantumInternational Journal of Quantum Chemistry
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On the relaxation mechanisms of 6-azauracil

2011

The nonadiabatic photochemistry of 6-azauracil has been studied by means of the CASPT2//CASSCF protocol and double-ζ plus polarization ANO basis sets. Minimum energy states, transition states, minimum energy paths, and surface intersections have been computed in order to obtain an accurate description of several potential energy hypersurfaces. It is concluded that, after absorption of ultraviolet radiation (248 nm), two main relaxation mechanisms may occur, via which the lowest (3)(ππ*) state can be populated. The first one takes place via a conical intersection involving the bright (1)(ππ*) and the lowest (1)(nπ*) states, ((1)ππ*/(1)nπ*)(CI), from which a low-energy singlet-triplet crossin…

ChemistryConical intersectionPotential energyTransition stateSurfaces Coatings and FilmsMaterials ChemistryEnergy levelQuantum TheoryThermodynamicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsTriplet stateGround stateUracilUltraviolet radiationFOTOQUÍMICA
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Transition metal derivatives of low oxidation state phosphorus oxoacids: synthetic pathways and structural studies

1993

Abstract A general synthetic approach intended to rationalize the solution preparative chemistry of transition metal phosphites and hypophosphites is presented. As previously shown for other derivatives containing also tetrahedral or pseudotetrahedral oxoanions, the hydrolytic processes affecting the cationic moieties play a determinant role on the very nature of the final solid. In fact, despite the limited number of donor atoms in the anions, the crystal chemistry of these compounds is quite intricate because of both the variety of possible cationic aggregates and the many ways to interconnect them through pseudotetrahedral anionic groups.

ChemistryCrystal chemistryPhosphorusCationic polymerizationchemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsHydrolysisTransition metalOxidation stateComputational chemistryOrganic chemistryGeneral Materials ScienceA determinantSolid State Ionics
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A Density Functional Theory study on gold cyanide interactions: The fundamentals of ore cleaning

2010

We have employed Density Functional Theory calculations to study the adsorption of CN, CN− and KCN on Au(111) and Au(211) surfaces and compare the obtained results to CO. The adsorption of CN, CN−, and KCN are exothermic with respect to the gas-phase moieties, and the adsorption energy increases at steps. Our results show that the binding mechanism of CN− is different from that of CO. The projected LDOS indicates that the bond between the flat surface and CN shows very small overlap between metal and CN states. This overlap increases provided that extra charge is present or low-coordinated Au atoms are available. Charge transfer is analyzed via the Bader method and the Electron Localization…

ChemistryCyanideInorganic chemistrySurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsElectron localization functionSurfaces Coatings and FilmsMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundElectron transferAdsorptionTransition metalCovalent bondvisual_artMaterials Chemistryvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPhysical chemistryDensity functional theorySurface Science
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