Search results for "transition"

showing 10 items of 3988 documents

Publisher’s Note: “Transition state ensemble optimization for reactions of arbitrary complexity” [J. Chem. Phys. 143, 134111 (2015)]

2015

ChemistryTransition (fiction)General Physics and AstronomyState (functional analysis)Statistical physicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Vibrational analysis of the electronic spectrum of ethylene based onab initio SCF-CI calculations

1972

Ab initio calculations for CH2 twisting and CC stretching vibrational wavefunctions and energy levels are reported for various electronic states of ethylene C2H4. Electronic transition moments between these states are also obtained to allow a calculation of the oscillator strengths for vibrational transitions involved in various electronic band systems; from this study it is concluded that thevertical electronic energy differenceΔE e may differ significantly from the energy of the absorption maximumΔE max with which it is often equated. In particular it is found in the case of theπ→π * singlet-singlet excitation of ethylene that theΔE e value overestimates the most probable vibrational tran…

ChemistryTransition dipole momentAb initioMolecular electronic transitionsymbols.namesakeAb initio quantum chemistry methodsRydberg formulasymbolsChiropracticsPhysics::Chemical PhysicsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Wave functionExcitationTheoretica Chimica Acta
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Photoinduced ultrafast dye-to-semiconductor electron injection from nonthermalized and thermalized donor states.

2001

Electron injection from the transition metal complex Ru(dcbpy)(2)(NCS)(2) (dcbpy = 4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine) into a titanium dioxide nanocrystalline film occurs on the femto- and picosecond time scales. Here we show that the dominating part of the electron transfer proceeds extremely rapidly from the initially populated, vibronically nonthermalized, singlet excited state, prior to electronic and nuclear relaxation of the molecule. The results are especially relevant to the understanding and design of molecular-based photovoltaic devices and artificial photosynthetic assemblies.

Chemistrybusiness.industryGeneral ChemistryElectronic structurePhotochemistryBiochemistryCatalysisNanocrystalline materialElectron transferColloid and Surface ChemistrySemiconductorTransition metalPicosecondExcited stateSinglet stateAtomic physicsbusinessJournal of the American Chemical Society
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Synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic properties of the first structurally characterized 1,2-dithiocroconato-containing Cu(II) complex, [Cu(bpca)…

1996

Abstract The first crystal and molecular structure of a transition metal complex containing 1,2-dithiocroconate (1,2-dtcr, dianion of 1,2-dimercaptocylopent-1-ene-3,4,5-trione), [Cu(bpca)(H2O)]2[Cu(1,2-dtcr)2]·2H2O (where bpca is the bis(2-pyrdidylcarbonyl)amide anion), has been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. The compound crystallizesin the monoclinic syste, space group P21/c, with a = 11.661(3), b = 20.255(6), c = 8.265(3) A , s = 107.26(2)° and Z = 2. The structure is formally built of [Cu(1,2-dtcr)2]2− and [Cu(bpca)(H2O)]+ ions and water of hydration. The copper atom of the anion is situated at a crystallographic inversion centre, bonded to four sulfur atoms in a…

Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structureMagnetic susceptibilityCopperInorganic ChemistryCrystallographyTransition metalFormula unitMaterials ChemistryMoleculePhysical and Theoretical ChemistrySingle crystalMonoclinic crystal systemInorganica Chimica Acta
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Atomistic Modeling of a New Storage

2008

It was observed that Me/Li2O and Me/LiF nanocomposites (Me is a metal that does not alloy with lithium) are able to exhibit an extra Li storage typically beyond the uptake of stoichiometric Li in the potential window 1.2 0.02 V, with pseudo-capacitive behavior and high-rate performance. Among the composites, the Ru/Li2O exhibits a high extra Li storage at this low potential. Moreover, the Li2O matrix allows one a higher storage in contact with transition metal than the LiF matrix [1,2]. To clarify the mechanism of the Li interfacial storage anomaly, we have performed comparative first principles calculations on the atomic and electronic structure of polar Ti/Li2O(111) and nonpolar Cu/LiF(00…

Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementElectronic structureIonInorganic ChemistryElectronegativityMetalTransition metalChemical physicsvisual_artElectrodeMonolayervisual_art.visual_art_mediumLithiumZeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie
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Cluster-model density functional study of a W–Cu(100) STM junction

1999

Abstract In this article, we investigate the electronic properties of different clusters modelling a tungsten tip, the Cu(1 0 0) surface and interacting W–Cu(1 0 0) systems in STM configuration. Electronic structure calculations are carried out within the LDA approximation of the Density Functional Theory (DFT). Both integrated (densities of states) and local properties (electronic density and electrostatic potential) are considered. The study is performed for top and hollow surface sites and two different tip–sample separations.

Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementHeterojunctionGeneral ChemistryElectronic structureTungstenCondensed Matter PhysicsMolecular physicsTransition metalComputational chemistryDensity of statesCluster (physics)General Materials ScienceDensity functional theoryElectronic densityJournal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids
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Quantum chemical simulation of excited states of chlorophylls, bacteriochlorophylls and their complexes

2006

The present review describes the use of quantum chemical methods in estimation of structures and electronic transition energies of photosynthetic pigments in vacuum, in solution and imbedded in proteins. Monomeric Mg-porphyrins, chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls and their solvent 1:1 and 1:2 complexes were studied. Calculations were performed for Mg-porphyrin, Mg-chlorin, Mg-bacteriochlorin, mesochlorophyll a, chlorophylls a, b, c(1), c(2), c(3), d and bacteriochlorophylls a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, plus several homologues. Geometries were optimised with PM3, PM3/CISD, PM5, ab initio HF (6-31G*/6-311G**) and density functional B3LYP (6-31G*/6-311G**) methods. Spectroscopic transition energ…

ChlorophyllModels MolecularMolecular ConformationAb initioGeneral Physics and AstronomyElectronic structureCrystallography X-RayMolecular electronic transitionLight-harvesting complexchemistry.chemical_compoundAb initio quantum chemistry methodsComputational chemistryComputer SimulationZINDOPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryBacteriochlorophyllsbiologyChemistryChloroflexus aurantiacusProteinsbiology.organism_classificationEnergy TransferModels ChemicalQuantum TheoryPhysical chemistryBacteriochlorophyllPhys. Chem. Chem. Phys.
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Transition from Protozoa to Metazoa: An Experimental Approach

1998

Until recently, stromatolites were thought to be the oldest fossils on earth that were very abundant 2000 to 3000 Ma (million years) ago (Walter 1994). Recently, the biological origin of these fossils has been questioned (Walter 1996). The universal phylogenetic tree exhibits a tripartite division of the living world into Bacteria (“eubacterial”), Archaea (“archebacterial”), and Eucarya [“eukaryotic” (Woese 1987; Woese et al. 1991)]. Based on comparisons of amino acid (aa) sequence data from enzymes, it has been proposed that the common ancestor of prokaryotes and eukaryotes lived about 2000 Ma ago (Doolittle et al. 1996). Phylogenetic analysis of the 70kDa heat-shock proteins suggested tha…

ChloroplastTransition (genetics)biologyPhylogenetic treeEvolutionary biologyProtozoabiology.organism_classificationExon shufflingEukaryotic cellBacteriaArchaea
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New insights on the thermal analysis of low moisture composite foods.

2014

Abstract Low moisture baked products were investigated with a view to characterising the effect of both formulation and humidity on their physical stability. At the end of the baking process, the samples were in the amorphous state as a result of starch gelatinization and sugar melting. Their thermal properties were analyzed with differential scanning calorimetry and their glass transitions were studied. The DSC thermograms were thoroughly studied through a Gaussian deconvolution of the first derivative of their heat flow. This approach evidenced a multiple phase behavior with different glass transitions in composite systems. They were associated with either a polymer-rich phase and/or a pl…

ChromatographyMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsMoistureCalorimetry Differential ScanningOrganic ChemistryComposite numberFlourCarbohydratesTemperatureHumidityAmorphous solidStarch gelatinizationDifferential scanning calorimetryChemical engineeringPhase (matter)Materials ChemistryThermal analysisGlass transitionFood AnalysisCarbohydrate polymers
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Titelbild: Direct CH Metalation with Chromium(II) and Iron(II): Transition-Metal Host / Benzenediide Guest Magnetic Inverse-Crown Complexes (Angew. …

2009

Chrom und Eisen als die neuesten Erganzungen des Konzepts der alkalimetallvermittelten Metallierung stellen J. Klett, R. E. Mulvey et al. in ihrer Zuschrift auf S. 3367 ff. vor. Das elektropositivere Natrium ist wesentlich fur die Reaktion, doch das weniger elektropositive Chrom oder Eisen ist es, das Benzol tatsachlich deprotoniert. Diese neuartige Reaktivitat kann mit einem Schachspiel verglichen werden, bei dem die Konigin (Na) dem Konig Schach bietet und der Springer (Cr, Fe) Matt setzt.

ChromiumchemistryTransition metalMetalationPolymer chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral MedicineAngewandte Chemie
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