Search results for "transverse"
showing 10 items of 1415 documents
Transverse-momentum and event-shape dependence of D-meson flow harmonics in Pb–Pb collisions at
2021
A. I. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory (Yerevan Physics Institute) Foundation (ANSL), State Committee of Science and World Federation of Scientists (WFS), Armenia; Austrian Academy of Sciences, Austrian Science Fund (FWF): [M 2467-N36] and Nationalstiftung fur Forschung, Technologie und Entwicklung, Austria; Ministry of Communications and High Technologies, National Nuclear Research Center, Azerbaijan; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (Finep), Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP) and Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Brazil; Ministry of Education of China (MOEC), Ministry …
Three-dimensional scattering of dielectric gratings under plane-wave excitation
2003
The problem of scattering of electromagnetic plane waves by one-dimensional (1D) periodic dielectric gratings, under the most general condition of oblique incidence (3D incidence), is rigorously solved. A recently developed vectorial modal method for obtaining the modal spectrum of 1D dielectric periodic guiding media has been extended to consider 3D incidence. Polarization coupling effects are included in the analysis, just demonstrating the impossibility of the separation between the transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarizations traditionally employed in the two-dimensional (2D) case. A study of the scattering parameters of a multilayered dielectric periodic structure is accom…
Squeezing induced by spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking
2009
In this communication we study in depth the phenomenon of quadrature squeezing generated via spontaneous rotational symmetry breaking discussed for the first time in [1]. The idea can be put in short as follows. Consider a degenerate optical parametric oscillator (DOPO) tuned to the first family of transverse modes at the signal frequency, and having perfectly spherical mirrors. When pumped above threshold with a Gaussian beam and within a classical description, it is easy to show that a TEM 10 mode with an arbitrary orientation (measured by θ at Fig. 1) emerges at the subharmonic, hence breaking the rotational symmetry of the system in the transverse plane. Quantum effects are then quite i…
Transverse component of the magnetic field in the solar photosphere observed by Sunrise
2010
We present the first observations of the transverse component of photospheric magnetic field acquired by the imaging magnetograph Sunrise/IMaX. Using an automated detection method, we obtain statistical properties of 4536 features with significant linear polarization signal. Their rate of occurrence is 1-2 orders of magnitude larger than values reported by previous studies. We show that these features have no characteristic size or lifetime. They appear preferentially at granule boundaries with most of them being caught in downflow lanes at some point in their evolution. Only a small percentage are entirely and constantly embedded in upflows (16%) or downflows (8%).
Alignment-orientation conversion in molecules in an external magnetic field caused by a hyperfine structure
2000
The paper presents a discussion on the problem of alignment-orientation conversion in an excited state of molecules. It is shown that a rather strong alignment-orientation conversion effect in the excited molecular state can be caused by a joint action of an external magnetic field and hyperfine interaction. The orientation thus created is transverse, i.e. perpendicular to the direction of the external magnetic field. The magnitude of this effect is analyzed as dependent on molecular parameters.
Measurement of the Longitudinal, Transverse, and Longitudinal-Transverse Structure Functions in theH2(e,e′p)nReaction
1996
We have separated the longitudinal ({ital f}{sub 00}), transverse ({ital f}{sub 11}), and longitudinal-transverse interference ({ital f}{sub 01}) structure functions in the {sup 2}H({ital e},{ital e}{prime}{ital p}){ital n} reaction at {ital q}{searrow}{parallel}{approx_equal} 400 MeV/{ital c} and {omega}{approx_equal}110 MeV. A nonrelativistic calculation which includes effects due to final state interactions, meson exchange currents, and isobar configurations agrees with the measured {ital f}{sub 11} and {ital f}{sub 01} but overpredicts {ital f}{sub 00} by 25{percent} (2{sigma}). The data are also compared to the results of previous structure function measurements. {copyright} {ital 1996…
Central region in relativistic heavy ion collisions; results from hydrodynamic calculations and cascade simulation
1988
Results of three dimensional hydrodynamic calculations with boost invariant longitudinal expansion are presented with special emphasis on the transverse momentum spectra of hadrons and production rates of dileptons. The effect and signatures of transverse collective motion are discussed in detail. The hydrodynamic results which are based on the assumption of the existence of a first order phase transition and formation of an equilibrium mixed phase are compared with cascade simulation where the mixed phase is modelled in terms of plasma droplets embedded in a pion gas. The comparison shows a great deal of similarity between the two approaches lending further support for the hydrodynamic app…
Coronal Magnetic Field Measurements Through Quasi-Transverse Propagation
2004
The QT-propagation of microwaves as a means to measure coronal magnetic fields and the inversion of circular polarization as an observational proof of the QT-propagation are discussed. The first part of the chapter briefly outlines the relevant geometry and mathematical relations. Then the state of the art in the coronal magnetography and some possibilities are demonstrated. We discuss use of the technique for coronal magnetography and give some estimates concerning the coronal magnetography with the forthcoming Frequency Agile Solar Radiotelescope.
Measurement of the higher-order anisotropic flow coefficients for identified hadrons in Au + Au collisions atsNN=200GeV
2016
Measurements of the anisotropic flow coefficients v2{Ψ2},v3{Ψ3},v4{Ψ4}, and v4{Ψ2} for identified particles (π±,K±, and p+p) at midrapidity, obtained relative to the event planes Ψm at forward rapidities in Au + Au collisions at sNN=200GeV, are presented as a function of collision centrality and particle transverse momenta pT. The vn coefficients show characteristic patterns consistent with hydrodynamical expansion of the matter produced in the collisions. For each harmonic n, a modified valence quark-number Nq scaling [plotting vn{Ψm}/(Nq)n/2 versus transverse kinetic energies (KET)/Nq] is observed to yield a single curve for all the measured particle species for a broad range of KET. A si…
Vestibular adaptation to centrifugation does not transfer across planes of head rotation
2008
Out-of-plane head movements performed during fast rotation produce non-compensatory nystagmus, sensations of illusory motion, and often motion sickness. Adaptation to this cross-coupled Coriolis stimulus has previously been demonstrated for head turns made in the yaw (transverse) plane of motion, during supine head-on-axis rotation. An open question, however, is if adaptation to head movements in one plane of motion transfers to head movements performed in a new, unpracticed plane of motion. Evidence of transfer would imply the brain builds up a generalized model of the vestibular sensory-motor system, instead of learning a variety of individual input/output relations separately. To investi…